The effect of aluminum oxide on red blood cell integrity and hemoglobin structure at nanoscale.

Herein, we explored the interaction of AlO NPs with RBCs and Hb to determine the effect of AlO NPs on hemolytic activity and Hb denaturation. The percentage of hemolysis of extracts and direct contact assays triggered by AlO NPs was calculated by determining supernatant Hb concentration at 540 nm. Far-UV CD and Trp/ANS/acrylamide fluorescence spectroscopic methods were used to determine the structural changes of Hb upon interaction with AlO NPs.