The Correlation between Hypertropia and Head Tilt in Congenital Unilateral Superior Oblique Muscle Palsy.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between the angle of deviation in different gazes and the amount of head tilt in patients with congenital unilateral superior oblique muscle palsy (SOP).

Methods: This case series study was performed on 20 consecutive SOP patients with head tilt. Based on the Bielschowsky three-step test, the angle of deviation was measured in different gazes.

Abnormal Head Posture in Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy.

: To evaluate the manifestations and severity of abnormal head posture (AHP) in unilateral congenital and acquired superior oblique palsy (SOP) patients and to assess the effect of AHP on facial appearance. : This case series study was performed on 60 consecutive SOP patients, which consisted of 47 patients with congenital SOP and 13 patients with the acquired source. The exact type of AHP in congenital and acquired cases was determined based on direct observation.

Facial asymmetry in ocular torticollis.

Torticollis can arise from nonocular (usually musculoskeletal) and ocular conditions. Some facial asymmetries are correlated with a history of early onset ocular torticollis supported by the presence of torticollis on reviewing childhood photographs. When present in an adult, this type of facial asymmetry with an origin of ocular torticollis should help to confirm the chronicity of the defect and prevent unnecessary neurologic evaluation in patients with an uncertain history.