FACS quantitation of leucine aminopeptidase and acid phosphatase on tumor-associated macrophages from metastatic and nonmetastatic mouse mammary tumors.

Macrophages were isolated by adherence from tumors produced by a number of murine mammary carcinoma lines and were examined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting for quantitation of leucine aminopeptidase and acid phosphatase. The tumors included three lines, 66, 67, and 168, which were originally derived from a single, spontaneously arising tumor in a BALB/cfC3H mouse and two other lines, D2A1 and D2F2, which were derived from a single tumor arising from the transplantable hyperplastic alveolar nodule line, D2. These five lines differ from one another in a number of characteristics, including the ability to metastasize spontaneously to the lung from subcutaneous implants and to form experimental metastases in lungs following intravenous injection.

A comparative trial of ranitidine 300 mg at night with ranitidine 150 mg twice daily in the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcer.

A multicenter double-blind comparative trial of oral ranitidine, 300 mg hs versus 150 mg bid, was conducted in 89 patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) and 54 with gastric ulcer (GU). Antacid tablets were prescribed prn. After 4 wk of treatment there were no statistically significant differences in the ulcer healing rates associated with the once daily (DU 86.

A comparison of lysis mediated by Lyt 2+ TNP-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) lines with that mediated by rapidly internalized lymphotoxin-containing supernatant fluids: evidence for a role of soluble mediators in CTL-mediated killing.

A series of Lyt 2+, trinitrophenyl (TNP)-specific T-cell lines are shown to lyse 51Cr-labeled target cells in an antigen-specific, H-2-restricted fashion in a 4-hr assay. These cells also produce lymphotoxin, in addition to other factors, upon stimulation with TNP-haptenated syngeneic splenocytes. A technique for introducing macromolecules into the cytoplasm of fibroblasts by inducing the cells to pinocytose the molecule in hypertonic medium, and then lysing the newly formed pinocytic vesicles with a mild hypotonic shock was used to assess the role of soluble mediators in the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated lytic process.

A noninvasive positron computed tomography technique using oxygen-15--labeled water for the evaluation of neurobehavioral task batteries.

A technique is described that provides information about relative cerebral responses to differing neurobehavioral tasks in normal subjects studied with positron computed tomography and oxygen-15-labeled water. Simulation studies demonstrate that this technique is sensitive to changes in true local CBF within a physiological range and tends to underestimate relative flow changes at high flow values (greater than 30 ml min-1 100 g-1) and to overestimate these changes for flow values of less than 25 ml min-1 100 g-1. Image acquisition times of 60 s following the arrival of oxygen-15-labeled water in the brain were the most accurate for identifying such relative changes between radioisotope administrations and were not limited by statistical noise from total image counts.

Myositis and death in bobwhites, Colinus virginianus (L.), due to hemorrhagic cysts of a haemosporozoan of undetermined taxonomic status.

An epizootic of myositis and death in pen-reared bobwhites occurred at a hunting club in California. The myositis was caused by myriads of elongate protozoan cysts. The cysts were in various stages of development and when mature, contained spherical zoites 1 micron in diameter.

Tumor-associated macrophages of mouse mammary tumors. II. Differential distribution of macrophages from metastatic and nonmetastatic tumors.

Macrophage subpopulations were isolated by counterflow centrifugal elutriation from a number of closely related mammary tumors originally derived from a single spontaneous tumor in a BALB/cfC3H mouse. Each tumor line had its own distinct characteristics with regard to tumor cell distribution, macrophage size (density), macrophage content, and macrophage distribution. Although there is no correlation with the metastatic potential of the tumors for the first three characteristics listed, distinct differences are apparent between metastatic and nonmetastatic tumors in macrophage distribution into the elutriated fractions.

Macrophage functions in beige (Chédiak-Higashi syndrome) mice.

Beige (C57BL/6J-bgj/bgj) mice are the murine counterpart of the Chédiak-Higashi syndrome, exhibiting abnormal lysosomes in phagocytes. These mice, however, responded normally to Corynebacterium parvum killed bacterial vaccine with splenomegaly and an increase in peritoneal macrophages. The C.

Asynchronous termination of plasma membrane protein synthesis in erythroid cells.

In this study we focused our attention on the terminal stages of cellular differentiation and asked the question whether the turning off of gene activity is via a general mechanism whereby all proteins are turned off synchronously, or if it is regulated specifically. We examined this problem by measuring the relative rates of synthesis of the plasma membrane proteins in cells that are near the final stages of erythroid differentiation. Our results show that although the rates of synthesis of all proteins decline during maturation the relative rates of decline are different among the various membrane proteins, indicating that the termination of plasma membrane protein synthesis during terminal differentiation is asynchronous.

Toilet training of normal and retarded children.

Early elements in an operant chain of toilet behaviors were trained in three normal infants and five retarded children. Following that, eliminative behaviors were conditioned by operant procedures. Each child was equipped with an auditory signalling device that gave cues to the learner.