Maxillary bone grafts for the repair of traumatic orbital floor defects.

Purpose: To present maxillary bone (MB) grafts as a viable option for repair of traumatic orbital floor (TOF) defects by comparing their use to titanium mesh (TM) looking at TOF defect size, operative time, and complication rate.

Methods: The senior author's surgical technique is described. Patients undergoing TOF repair using MB versus TM were assessed retrospectively, focusing on TOF defect size, operative time, and follow-up results.

Cognitive control in late-life depression: response inhibition deficits and dysfunction of the anterior cingulate cortex.

Objectives: Geriatric depression is associated with frontolimbic functional deficits, and this frontal dysfunction may underlie the marked executive control deficits often seen in this population. The authors' goal was to assess the integrity of frontal cortical functioning in geriatric depression, while these individuals performed a standard cognitive control task. The N2 component of the event-related potential (ERP), an evoked response generated within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), is significantly enhanced when nondepressed individuals successfully inhibit a response, providing an excellent metric of frontal inhibitory function.

Are chest compressions safe for the patient reconstructed with sternal plates? Evaluating the safety of cardiopulmonary resuscitation using a human cadaveric model.

Background: Plate and screw fixation is a recent addition to the sternal wound treatment armamentarium. Patients undergoing cardiac and major vascular surgery have a higher risk of postoperative arrest than other elective patients. Those who undergo sternotomy for either cardiac or major vascular procedures are at a higher risk of postoperative arrest.

Alerting, orienting, and executive attention in older adults.

The Attention Network Test (ANT) assesses alerting, orienting, and executive attention. The current study was designed to achieve three main objectives. First, we determined the reliability, effects, and interactions of attention networks in a relatively large cohort of non-demented older adults (n = 184).

Effect of cognitive remediation on gait in sedentary seniors.

Background: Attention and executive functions show strong associations with slow gait and falls in seniors and have been shown to be amenable to cognitive remediation. However, cognitive remediation as a strategy to improve mobility has not been investigated.

Methods: Using a randomized single-blind control design, 24 sedentary older adults (exercise less than or equal to once weekly and gait velocity <1 m/s) were randomly assigned to an 8-week computerized cognitive remediation program or wait-list.

Effect of thalidomide and arsenic trioxide on the release of tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor from the KG-1a human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line.

Studies conducted in our lab have indicated that thalidomide cytotoxicity in the KG-1a human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell line was enhanced by combining it with arsenic trioxide. The current investigation was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of thalidomide either alone or in combination with arsenic trioxide on the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from this cell line in an attempt to clarify its possible cytotoxic mechanism(s). Human AML cell line KG-1a was used in this study.

The operative treatment of pressure wounds: a 10-year experience in flap selection.

This study sought to both assist in the selection of flaps for ischial pressure wound re-construction and to evaluate the overall complication rates associated with re-construction. A retrospective medical record review was conducted for 78 patients following the surgical re-construction of an ischial pressure sore. Records were reviewed for demographics, location of sores, methods of re-construction and flap selection, as well as any complications and recurrences.

Developing and improving after-school programs to enhance youth's personal growth and adjustment: a special issue of AJCP.

Participating in after-school programs (ASPs) has become a common experience for children. This special issue provides a perspective on the current status of research on ASPs. This introductory article overviews the historical and current context of ASPs and then describes a developmental ecological model to guide research in this area.

Wellness, hard to define, reduces trend up to 4 percent.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify a common language for "wellness" and a correlating health cost trend reduction through incentive-driven prevention and wellness. Mapping the results of the survey with the trend lines reported by innovative employers could uncover increased financial value in health investments. A 10-question survey was designed for telephone interviews with 26 businesses (Innovators) from the Board of the Center for Health Value Innovation; a paper-based survey with the same questions was completed by attendees at a seminar.

Evidence-based practice and research scholars programs: Supporting excellence in psychiatric nursing.

Delivery of quality psychiatric nursing care depends, to a certain extent, on nurses' ability to apply sound evidence to practice. Much of the needed evidence is in the form of research. The term evidence-based practice (EBP) is used to describe the application of research and other forms of clinically relevant information to practice.

Psychosocial characteristics of psychiatric inpatients at admissions and discharge: The Menninger Clinic Adult Outcomes Project.

The authors present a first look at the data from The Menninger Clinic Adult Outcomes Project. They provide descriptive data from 443 patients admitted to the Clinic between April 2008 and May 2009. Patients show significant improvement on a range of standardized measures from admission to discharge (effect sizes range from moderate to large, 0.

Integrating outcomes assessment and research into clinical care in inpatient adult psychiatric treatment.

The authors describe an evolving outcomes project implemented across the adult inpatient programs at The Menninger Clinic. In the inpatient phase of the project, patients complete a computerized battery of standardized scales at admission, at biweekly intervals throughout treatment, and at discharge. In addition to providing aggregate data for outcomes research, these assessments are incorporated into routine clinical care, with results of each individual assessment provided to the treatment team and to the patient.

Uranyl adsorption onto hydrous ferric oxide-A re-evaluation for the diffuse layer model database.

The diffuse layer model (DLM) database of Dzombak and Morel was developed to quantify the adsorption of dissolved species onto the hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) surface, and contained numerous surface complexation reactions, including surface complexation reactions for uranyl (UO(2)(+2)) consisting of Hfo_sOUO(2)(+) and Hfo_wOUO(2)(+). However, these constants were not based upon experimentally obtained data, but rather were derived from linear free energy relationships (LFER) using log K(MOH) values. When compared to experimental data, the LFER-derived constants for uranyl were shown to overestimate adsorption by a factor of 10 in some cases.

Should We Care About Adolescents Who Care for Themselves? What We've Learned and What We Need to Know About Youth in Self-Care.

This article provides an overview of existing research on the prevalence and predictors of adolescent self-care and on the consequences associated with it. Self-care, in which the young are left unsupervised during out-of-school hours, is a common experience for millions of American youth, and existing studies suggest that this arrangement may represent a risk for the development of behavior problems. However, the behavior problems associated with self-care depend on both individual and environmental factors and are most likely to develop when self-care (1) occurs out of the home, (2) involves permissive parenting and/or low parental monitoring, (3) takes place in neighborhoods with high levels of crime and disorganization, (4) involves adolescents with preexisting behavioral problems, and (5) represents an intensive and persistent arrangement.

The therapeutic milieu reconceptualized for the 21st century.

The notion of the therapeutic milieu has come under fire for lack of relevance to current inpatient psychiatric care environments. Yet, in different fields of health care, scholars are suggesting a need to build healing environments. A view of the therapeutic milieu as an optimal healing environment based on continuous healing relationships, patient-centered care, safety as a systems priority, and cooperation among clinicians provides a framework to organize care in a holistic manner that supports positive health outcomes.

The operative treatment of pressure wounds: a 10-year experience in flap selection.

This study sought to both assist in the selection of flaps for ischial pressure wound reconstruction and evaluate the overall complication rates associated with reconstruction. A retrospective medical record review was conducted for 78 patients following the surgical reconstruction of an ischial pressure sore. Records were reviewed for demographics, location of sores, methods of reconstruction and flap selection, as well as any complications and recurrences.

FoxOs cooperatively regulate diverse pathways governing neural stem cell homeostasis.

The PI3K-AKT-FoxO pathway is integral to lifespan regulation in lower organisms and essential for the stability of long-lived cells in mammals. Here, we report the impact of combined FoxO1, 3, and 4 deficiencies on mammalian brain physiology with a particular emphasis on the study of the neural stem/progenitor cell (NSC) pool. We show that the FoxO family plays a prominent role in NSC proliferation and renewal.

A novel method for modeling facial allodynia associated with migraine in awake and freely moving rats.

Migraine is a neurovascular disorder that induces debilitating headaches associated with multiple symptoms including facial allodynia, characterized by heightened responsivity to normally innocuous mechanical stimuli. It is now well accepted that immune activation and immune-derived inflammatory mediators enhance pain responsivity, including the trigeminal system. Nociceptive ("pain" responsive) trigeminal nerves densely innervate the cranial meninges.

Time's barbed arrow: irreversibility, crypticity, and stored information.

We show why the amount of information communicated between the past and future-the excess entropy-is not in general the amount of information stored in the present-the statistical complexity. This is a puzzle, and a long-standing one, since the former describes observed behavior, while optimal prediction requires the latter. We present a closed-form expression for the excess entropy in terms of optimal causal predictors and retrodictors-both machines of computational mechanics.

Increased risk for falling associated with subtle cognitive impairment: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Background/aims: Having dementia increases patients' risk for accidental falls. However, it is unknown if having mild cognitive deficits also elevates a person's risk for falls. This study sought to clarify the relationship between subtle cognitive impairment, measured with a widely-used, clinic-based assessment, the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE), and risk for falls.

Immunological priming potentiates non-viral anti-inflammatory gene therapy treatment of neuropathic pain.

We recently described a non-viral gene therapy paradigm offering long-term resolution of established neuropathic pain in several animal models. Here, the requirements for long-term therapeutic effects are described, and evidence is provided for a mechanism of action based on immunological priming of the intrathecal (i.t.