Combined multiphoton imaging and biaxial tissue extension for quantitative analysis of geometric fiber organization in human reticular dermis.

The geometric organization of collagen fibers in human reticular dermis and its relationship to that of elastic fibers remain unclear. The tight packing and complex intertwining of dermal collagen fibers hinder accurate analysis of fiber orientation. We hypothesized that combined multiphoton microscopy and biaxial extension could overcome this issue.

Thenar Dysplasia in Radial Polydactyly Depends on the Level of Bifurcation.

Background: Little is known about thenar dysplasia in radial polydactyly, other than that thenar hypoplasia occasionally occurs in radial polydactyly with triphalangism. In particular, the phenotype and level of duplication associated with thenar dysplasia remain unclear.

Methods: The abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis muscles were visualized using three-dimensional ultrasound, and their horizontal geometry was assessed using a biaxial level classification system.

Aryl-Allene Cyclization via a Hg(OTf)2-Catalytic Pathway.

Hg(OTf)2-catalyzed aryl-allene cyclization accompanied by formation of a quaternary carbon center has been realized. Deuterium-labeling experiments and computational modeling were used to propose a novel catalytic pathway involving direct H-transfer from the aromatic ring to the vinyl mercury moiety followed by mercury 1,2-migration.

Three-dimensional ultrasonography for visualization of muscular anomalies in type VI and VII radial polydactyly.

Objective: To describe a technique and its clinical applications of three-dimensional ultrasonography to type VI and VII radial polydactyly for identification of potential muscular anomalies.

Materials And Methods: Ultrasonographic examinations were performed at an out-patient department without sedation or an operative room prior to surgery. The palm was scanned in the transverse direction using a 18-MHz linear transducer under speed regulation at 3 mm/s.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with fibroblastic differentiation in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: imprint cytological findings.

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that shows divergent differentiation potential, and the cytological findings are largely nonspecific. There are no previous reports specifically alluding to the cytological findings of MPNST showing fibroblastic differentiation (fibroblastic MPNST).

Case: A 59-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 developed a rapidly enlarging tumor on the scalp.