MgO and ZnO nanoparticles anti-nociceptive effect modulated by glutamate level and NMDA receptor expression in the hippocampus of stressed and non-stressed rats.

The anti-nociceptive mechanisms of MgO and ZnO nanoparticles have not been thoroughly investigated; in this study, we evaluated the effects of anti-nociceptive dose of MgO and ZnO NPs on glutamate level and NMDA receptor subunits expression (NR1, NR2 and NR2B) in the rat whole hippocampus with and without acute restraint stress. Adult rats were divided into control, MgO and ZnO NPs 5 mg/kg, the stress of 90 min alone and with MgO or ZnO NPs 5 mg/kg groups. All components injected intraperitoneally and the nociceptive response was measured with hot plate apparatus 90 min after injections or stress induction.

Interaction of nicotine with morphine potency in .

Aims: Many studies have been carried out about the interaction between nicotine and morphine in higher animals. Although previous behavioral and pharmacological evidence indicated the presence of opioid system in protozoa, there is no available data about nicotine effect on the potency of morphine in eukaryotic unicellular organisms such as protozoa. Hence, this work aims to investigate the interaction of nicotine with morphine in the protozoan .

Cognitive and hippocampus biochemical changes following sleep deprivation in the adult male rat.

Sleep deprivation (SD) influences physiological processes such as cognitive function. The balance of oxidant and antioxidant markers, neurotrophic factors and magnesium are affected by sleep deprivation but there is no difference between pre and post training sleep deprivation. This study was designed to investigate memory retrieval and biochemical factors such as oxidant and antioxidant enzyme, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and magnesium levels in the hippocampus following pre and post-training sleep deprivation.

Neurobehavioral and biochemical modulation following administration of MgO and ZnO nanoparticles in the presence and absence of acute stress.

In this work, the effects of MgO and ZnO nanoparticles were investigated on some behavioral, hormonal and biochemical changes following acute stress. Wistar male rats were divided into groups of control, different times of restraint stress (90, 180 and 360 min), nano-MgO or nano-ZnO alone and with acute restraint stress. Anxiety-like behaviors and pain perception were evaluated by elevated plus maze and hot plate apparatus respectively.

Wound Healing Activity of Extracts and Formulations of , Henna, , and Myrrh on Mouse Dermal Fibroblast Cells.

Background: Among the most important factors in wound healing pathways are transforming growth factor beta1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Fibroblasts are the main cell in all phases wound closure. In this study, the extracts of plant materials such as , , , and henna and one mixture of them were used to treatment of normal mouse skin fibroblasts.

Effect of the herbal mixture composed of Aloe Vera, Henna, Adiantum capillus-veneris, and Myrrha on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Background: Wound healing is often impaired in diabetic animals and humans. Matrix metalloproteases act as pro-inflammatory agents in physiological wound healing pathways by stimulating cytokines including the interleukins, IL6, IL1A and IL1B, and the tumor necrosis factor and transforming growth factor beta1. Botanicals are traditionally used to assist healing of different types of wounds, because they produce fewer side effects.

Interaction between Analgesic Effect of Nano and Conventional size of Zinc Oxide and Opioidergic System Activity in Animal Model of Acute Pain.

Introduction: Today Nano-medicine tries to produce new drugs to reduce the dosage and side effects of their conventional forms. According to the interaction between zinc and opioidergic system activity, this study has investigated the effect of new kind of zinc supplement, nano zinc oxide (nZnO), in compared to its conventional form (cZnO), in presence and absence of opioidergic system activity on acute pain.

Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (weighting 200±20gr) divided into groups: control (receiving saline %0.

Evaluation of Anticonvulsive Effect of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles in Comparison with Conventional MgO in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Male Mice.

Introduction: Some studies showed that magnesium has anticonvulsive effect in some animal models. Despite of the availability of well-studied anticonvulsant drugs, this evaluation was not carried on new kind of magnesium supplement, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (nMgO). According to the association between magnesium and convulsion and high prevalence of seizure and epilepsy in diabetics, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of nMgO compared to conventional MgO (cMgO) on strychnine-induced convulsion model in diabetic and non-diabetic mice.

Effect of Intra CA1 and Intraperitoneal Administration of Opioid Receptor Modulating Agents on The Anxiolytic Properties of Nano and Conventional ZnO in Male Rats.

Objective: Nano components are today's new wonder material. However, the safety or toxicity of these components in humans is not yet clear. In a previous study we indicated that nano ZnO (nZnO) has a stronger anxiolytic effect compared to the conventional ZnO (cZnO).

Anxiogenic Effects of Acute Injection of Sesame oil May be Mediated by β-1 Adrenoceptors in the Basolateral Amygdala.

Purpose: A few studies have indicates that the sesame oil influences anxiety, but many reports show that β-1 adrenoceptors (ARs) of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays a pivotal role in this regard. Therefore, in this study the effect of acute injection of sesame oil on anxiety-like behavior in the presence and absence of the BLA β-1 ARs in the male Wistar rats were investigated.

Methods: Guide cannulas, for seven groups of rats, were implanted bilaterally into the BLA.

Effects of nano and conventional zinc oxide on anxiety-like behavior in male rats.

Objectives: Current drug therapies for psychological disorders, such as anxiety, are not as effective as expected, and it has been shown that zinc supplements, such as zinc oxide (ZnO), can influence anxiety. ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are among the most used nanomaterials produced and applied in many products.

Materials And Methods: This study investigated the effects of ZnO NPs in comparison with conventional ZnO (cZnO) on anxiety-like behaviors.

Involvement of basolateral amygdala GABAA receptors in the effect of dexamethasone on memory in rats.

In this study we investigated whether GABA(A) receptors of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) interact with the effect of dexamethasone on the retrieval stage of memory. Adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally cannulated in the BLA by stereotaxic surgery. The animals were trained in step-through apparatus by induction of electric shock (1.