Academic dishonesty in university nursing students: A scoping review.

Objective: This review seeks to deepen our understanding of the factors contributing to nursing students' academic dishonesty and the repercussions of such behaviours on their learning in both classroom and clinical settings, and on the integrity of the nursing profession.

Design And Methods: It was a scoping review in which a five-stage methodological framework informed its process. Six databases were searched for relevant original studies.

Mental health presentations to acute psychiatric services: 3-year study of prevalence and readmission risk for personality disorders compared with psychotic, affective, substance or other disorders.

Background: The relative burden and risk of readmission for people with personality disorders in hospital settings is unknown.AimsTo compare hospital use of people with personality disorder with that of people with other mental health diagnoses, such as psychoses and affective disorders.

Method: Naturalistic study of hospital presentations for mental health in a large community catchment.

Treatment of personality disorder using a whole of service stepped care approach: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objectives: People with personality disorders are prevalent in emergency and inpatient mental health services. We examined whether implementing a stepped care model of psychological therapy reduces demand on hospital units by people with personality disorder, in a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Method: A total of 642 inpatients (average age 36.

Analysis of the psychological impact of a vascular risk factor intervention: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial in Australian general practice.

Background: Screening for vascular disease, risk assessment and management are encouraged in general practice however there is limited evidence about the emotional impact on patients. The Health Improvement and Prevention Study evaluated the impact of a general practice-based vascular risk factor intervention on behavioural and physiological risk factors in 30 Australian practices. The primary aim of this analysis is to investigate the psychological impact of participating in the intervention arm of the trial.

Factors influencing participation in a vascular disease prevention lifestyle program among participants in a cluster randomized trial.

Background: Previous research suggests that lifestyle intervention for the prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are effective, however little is known about factors affecting participation in such programs. This study aims to explore factors influencing levels of participation in a lifestyle modification program conducted as part of a cluster randomized controlled trial of CVD prevention in primary care.

Methods: This concurrent mixed methods study used data from the intervention arm of a cluster RCT which recruited 30 practices through two rural and three urban primary care organizations.

The impact of a brief lifestyle intervention delivered by generalist community nurses (CN SNAP trial).

Background: The risk factors for chronic disease, smoking, poor nutrition, hazardous alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and weight (SNAPW) are common in primary health care (PHC) affording opportunity for preventive interventions. Community nurses are an important component of PHC in Australia. However there has been little research evaluating the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in routine community nursing practice.

Improving services for people with personality disorders: views of experienced clinicians.

People with personality disorders are frequent users of both inpatient and outpatient psychiatric services, representing a significantly large proportion of all mental health clients. Despite this, most services find it a challenge to offer the most appropriate and effective treatment models for people with personality disorders. This paper is a report of a study of clinician opinions about how organizations can improve the delivery of services to people with personality disorders.

Routine use of clinical management guidelines in Australian general practice.

Significant gaps remain between recommendations of evidence-based guidelines and primary health care practice in Australia. This paper aims to evaluate factors associated with the use of guidelines reported by Australian GPs. Secondary analysis was performed on a survey of primary care practitioners which was conducted by the Commonwealth Fund in 2009: 1016 general practitioners responded in Australia (response rate 52%).

A cluster randomised controlled trial of vascular risk factor management in general practice.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a lifestyle intervention in Australian general practice to reduce the risk of vascular disease.

Design, Setting And Participants: Stratified cluster randomised controlled trial among 30 general practices in New South Wales from July 2008 to January 2010. Patients aged 40-64 years were invited to participate.

Access to same day, next day and after-hours appointments: the views of Australian general practitioners.

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with the availability of same or next day appointments and after-hours access reported by Australian general practitioners (GPs).

Methods: Secondary analysis of a survey of primary care practitioners conducted by the Commonwealth Fund in 2009 in 11 countries. Analysis of factors likely to be associated with reported availability of same or next day appointments and after-hours access.

Predictors of primary care referrals to a vascular disease prevention lifestyle program among participants in a cluster randomised trial.

Background: Cardiovascular disease accounts for a large burden of disease, but is amenable to prevention through lifestyle modification. This paper examines patient and practice predictors of referral to a lifestyle modification program (LMP) offered as part of a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) of prevention of vascular disease in primary care.

Methods: Data from the intervention arm of a cluster RCT which recruited 36 practices through two rural and three urban primary care organisations were used.

How feasible are lifestyle modification programs for disease prevention in general practice?

Vascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability. While it is preventable, little is known about the feasibility or acceptability of implementing interventions to prevent vascular disease in Australian primary health care. We conducted a cluster randomised controlled trial assessing prevention of vascular disease in patients aged 40-65 by providing a lifestyle modification program in general practice.

What predicts patient-reported GP management of smoking, nutrition, alcohol, physical activity and weight?

This study aimed to describe patient-reported management of behavioural risk factors in Australian general practice. Six hundred and ninety-eight eligible patients from 30 general practices in two rural and three urban Divisions of General Practice responded to a mailed invitation to participate and completed a questionnaire. Data were analysed using univariate and multi-level multivariate methods.

Is there scope for community health nurses to address lifestyle risk factors? the community nursing SNAP trial.

Background: This paper examines the opportunity and need for lifestyle interventions for patients attending generalist community nursing services in Australia. This will help determine the scope for risk factor management within community health care by generalist community nurses (GCNs).

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in four generalist community nursing services in NSW, Australia.

Lifestyle intervention - a study on maintenance in general practice.

Aim: This article aims to explore the factors contributing to sustained or nonsustained behaviour change following a lifestyle intervention in general practice.

Methods: Twenty patients who had participated in a general practice health check and group lifestyle support program were interviewed by telephone after 12 months. The interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically.

Socio-demographic factors, behaviour and personality: associations with psychological distress.

Background: Anxiety, psychological distress and personality may not be independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease; however they may contribute via their relationship with unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. This study aimed to examine the association between psychological distress, risk behaviours and patient demographic characteristics in a sample of general practice patients aged 40-65 years with at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Design: Cross-sectional analytic study.

Lifestyle risk factors in general practice - routine assessment and management.

Background: Evidence based guidelines recommend that adults be assessed for modifiable lifestyle risk factors: smoking, nutrition, alcohol and physical activity (SNAP) regularly. This article discusses the routine practices of GPs regarding assessment and management of these risk factors.

Objective: General practitioners participating in two randomised controlled trials completed questionnaires about their assessment and management of SNAP risk factors.

Assessment and management of lifestyle risk factors in rural and urban general practices in Australia.

Prevention of cardiovascular disease is a major public health challenge. Many chronic health problems are amenable to lifestyle interventions, which can ameliorate progression of disease and contribute to primary prevention. Prior to a large randomised controlled trial we assessed preventive care in trial practices.

Health improvement and prevention study (HIPS) - evaluation of an intervention to prevent vascular disease in general practice.

Background: The Health Improvement and Prevention Study (HIPS) study aims to evaluate the capacity of general practice to identify patients at high risk for developing vascular disease and to reduce their risk of vascular disease and diabetes through behavioural interventions delivered in general practice and by the local primary care organization.

Methods/design: HIPS is a stratified randomized controlled trial involving 30 general practices in NSW, Australia. Practices are randomly allocated to an 'intervention' or 'control' group.

An efficacy trial of brief lifestyle intervention delivered by generalist community nurses (CN SNAP trial).

Background: Lifestyle risk factors, in particular smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity (SNAP) are the main behavioural risk factors for chronic disease. Primary health care (PHC) has been shown to be an effective setting to address lifestyle risk factors at the individual level. However much of the focus of research to date has been in general practice.

Engaging participants in a complex intervention trial in Australian General Practice.

Background: The paper examines the key issues experienced in recruiting and retaining practice involvement in a large complex intervention trial in Australian General Practice.

Methods: Reflective notes made by research staff and telephone interviews with staff from general practices which expressed interest, took part or withdrew from a trial of a complex general practice intervention.

Results: Recruitment and retention difficulties were due to factors inherent in the demands and context of general practice, the degree of engagement of primary care organisations (Divisions of General Practice), perceived benefits by practices, the design of the trial and the timing and complexity of data collection.