Varenicline Attenuates Memory Impairment in Amyloid-Beta-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline. Despite extensive research, therapeutic options remain limited. Varenicline, an αβ nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, shows promise in enhancing cognitive function.

Acute Administration of Edaravone Improves Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of mPFC Ischemia: Crosstalk Between Necroptosis, Neuroinflammation, and Antioxidant Defense.

Edaravone (Eda), a well-known free radical scavenger, has been reported as a possible therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke patients' recovery. This study aimed to investigate the effects of time-dependent treatment with Eda on medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) ischemia. Mice were randomly allocated into six groups: control, sham, normal saline, Eda-I, Eda-II, and Eda-III.

Coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E alleviate heat stress-induced mood disturbances in male mice: Modulation of inflammatory pathways and the HPA axis.

Heat stress, as an environmental stressor, can lead to temperature dysregulation and neuroinflammation, causing depression and anxiety by disrupting brain physiology and functional connectivity. This study looked at how co-enzyme Q10 (Q10) and vitamin E (Vit E), alone and together, affected heat stress-caused anxiety and depression symptoms and inflammation in male mice. Five groups were utilized in the study: control, heat stress (NS), Q10, Vit E, and the combination group (Q10+Vit E).

Determining the accuracy of the leukocyte esterase reagent strip test in the rapid diagnosis of adult septic arthritis.

Backgrounds: Septic arthritis is a dangerous disease that occurs when microorganisms enter synovial fluid. It needs fast and accurate management; otherwise, it can harm the patient's life. Currently, the tests measure WBC and PMN in SF, so we hypothesized to use a proxy that is easier and faster to measure.

Magnetic hybrid nanovesicles for the precise diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system disorders.

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders are increasingly being recognized as a global health challenge worldwide. There are significant challenges for effective diagnosis and treatment due to the presence of the CNS barriers which impede the management of neurological diseases. Combination of nanovesicles (NVs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), referred to as magnetic nanovesicles (MNVs), is now well suggested as a potential theranostic option for improving the management of neurological disorders with increased targeting efficiency and minimized side effects.

Photobiomodulation combination therapy as a new insight in neurological disorders: a comprehensive systematic review.

Preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that combining photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy with other therapeutic approaches may influence the treatment process in a variety of disorders. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether PBM-combined therapy provides additional benefits over monotherapies in neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition, the review describes the most commonly used methods and PBM parameters in these conjunctional approaches.

Sericin Improves Memory Impairment Via Activation of the PKA-CREB-BDNF Signaling Pathway and Suppression of Oxidative Stress in Ovariectomized Mice.

Menopause results in estrogen hormone deficiency which causes changes in brain morphology and cognitive impairments. The risk of breast and ovarian cancer increases with estrogen therapy. Thus, finding a substitute treatment option for women in menopause is necessary.

Molecular dynamics simulations of methane adsorption and displacement from graphenylene shale reservoir nanochannels.

Methane is the main component of shale gas and is adsorbed in shale pores. Methane adsorption not only affects the estimation of shale gas reserves but also reduces extraction efficiency. Therefore, investigating the behavior of methane adsorption in shale reservoirs is important for evaluating shale gas resources, as well as understanding its desorption and displacement from the nanochannels of shale gas reservoirs.

Transcranial photobiomodulation mitigates learning and memory impairments induced by hindlimb unloading in a mouse model of microgravity exposure by suppression of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation signaling pathways.

Prolonged microgravity exposure causes cognitive impairment. Evidence shows that oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the causation. Here, we explore the effectiveness of transcranial near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) on cognitive deficits in a mouse model of simulated microgravity.

Sericin improves memory and sociability impairments evoked by transient global cerebral ischemia through suppression of hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Sericin (Ser) is a natural neuroactive macromolecule with diverse pharmacological properties, and our previous findings have shown its neuroprotective potentials. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Ser on cognitive dysfunction induced by transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (tGI/R) and its mechanism of action. The tGI/R was induced in BALB/c mice by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries for two 5 min followed by a 10-min reperfusion period.

Simultaneous Pericytes and M2 Microglia Transplantation Improve Cognitive Function in Mice Model of mPFC Ischemia.

Cerebral ischemia is one of the major problems threatening global health. Many of the cerebral ischemia survivors would suffer from the physical and cognitive disabilities for their whole lifetime. Cell based-therapies have been introduced as a therapeutic approach for alleviating ischemia-enforced limitations.

An updated overview of the application of CAR-T cell therapy in neurological diseases.

Genetically modified immune cells, especially CAR-T cells, have captured the attention of scientists over the past 10 years. In the fight against cancer, these cells have a special place. Treatment for hematological cancers, autoimmune disorders, and cancers must include CAR-T cell therapy.

Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation Improves Brain Lesion Volume and Neurobehavioral Outcomes in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a major cause of death and disability worldwide. This study assessed the effectiveness of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) in reducing brain lesion volume and improving neurobehavioral performance in a rat model of TBI. Animals were randomized into three experimental groups: (1) TBI with sham stimulation treatment (Control), (2) TBI treated with five lower doses (2-min) nVNS, and (3) TBI treated with five higher doses (2 × 2-min) nVNS.

Synergistic effects of combined therapy with cerebrolysin and enriched environment on anxiety-like behavior and spatial cognitive deficits in posttraumatic stress disorder-like mouse model.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder that occurs after exposure to stressful, fearful, or troubling events. Cerebrolysin (CBL), consists of low molecular weights neurotrophic factors and amino acids obtained from purified porcine brain proteins. This study aimed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of enriched environment (EE) and CBL alone or combined for reducing anxiety and cognitive deficits in PTSD-like mouse models.

Stem Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: What Promise Does it Hold?

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by substantia nigra dopamine cell death and a varied clinical picture that affects older people. Although more than two centuries have passed since the earliest attempts to find a cure for PD, it remains an unresolved problem. With this in mind, cell replacement therapy is a new strategy for treating PD.

Intranasal administration of mitochondria alleviated cognitive impairments and mitochondrial dysfunction in the photothrombotic model of mPFC stroke in mice.

Objectives: Dysfunction in mitochondrial activity may have profound role in ischemic stroke-induced neuronal death, hence maintaining the mitochondrial function seems to be valuable for neuronal viability and neurological improvement.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were allocated into sham and stroke groups. Mice in the stroke groups underwent photothrombosis-induced stroke in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and were divided into the following subgroups; RB, Mito 85, Mito 170, and Mito 340, and received their respective treatments via intra-nasal route every other day (3 days per week) for one week.

Effect of intranasal administration of caffeine on mPFC ischemia‑induced cognitive impairment in BALB/c mice.

Caffeine is a psychoactive compound used widely to enhance cognitive functions in human or animal studies. The present study examined the effects of caffeine on cognitive performance and inflammatory factors in mice with medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) ischemia. Mice underwent a photothrombotic mPFC ischemic stroke and were treated with normal saline or caffeine at different doses intranasally for 7 days.

The effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on stroke outcomes: A systematic review.

Background And Purpose: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel microbiota-based therapeutic method that transfers stool from donor into a recipient and its application is under investigating for neurological disorders such as stroke. In this systematic review, we assessed the effect of FMT in progression and treatment of stroke and recovery of post-stroke complications.

Methods: Preliminary studies were searched in MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, COCHRANE library and Google Scholar, databases up to February 2022.

Coenzyme Q10 ameliorates aging-induced memory deficits via modulation of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitophagy in aged rats.

The behavioral effects and molecular signaling mechanisms of Coenzyme Q (Q) in age-related memory impairment are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Q on memory impairment, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitophagy in aged rats. 40 aged (24 months old) and 10 young (3 months old) male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following groups (n = 10/group): young + vehicle, aged + vehicle, and aged + Q (at 100, 200, 300 mg/kg/day doses).

Synthesis and preparation of vitamin A coupled butein-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for liver fibrosis therapy in rats.

The development of a therapeutic system for hepatic fibrosis has become a research hotspot to date. Butein, a simple chalcone derivative, displays anti-fibrotic effects through different pathways. However, impurities, low solubility, and low concentration in the target tissue hinder therapy with herbal ingredients.

Application of Nano-based Drug Loading Systems in the Treatment of Neurological Infections: An Updated Review.

Infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is a global healthcare concern with high rates of death and disease. CNS infections mainly include meningitis, encephalitis, and brain abscesses. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and parasites are the most common causes of neuroinfections.

Health Impacts of the Built and Social Environments, and Travel Behavior: The Case of the Sunshine State.

As physical inactivity statistics for the U.S. population show an alarming trend, many health problems have been increasing among Americans in recent decades.

The Therapeutic Benefits of Intravenously Administrated Nanoparticles in Stroke and Age-related Neurodegenerative Diseases.

The mean global lifetime risk of neurological disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) has shown a large effect on economy and society. Researchers are still struggling to find effective drugs to treat neurological disorders and drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major challenge to be overcome. The BBB is a specialized multicellular barrier between peripheral blood circulation and neural tissue.

Cerebrolysin® and Environmental Enrichment, Alone or in Combination, Ameliorate Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Behaviors in a Post-Ischemic Depression Model in Mice.

Objectives: This study examined the beneficial effects of cerebrolysin (CBL) and enriched environment (EE), alone or in combination, on the neurobehavioral and molecular changes in the post-ischemic depression (PID) model in mice.

Materials And Methods: PID was induced in male Balb/c mice (25-30 g) by combining the transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (bCCAO), twice for 5 min at the interval of 10 min, with spatial restraint stress (2 h/day) for 2 weeks, started 48 h following the establishment of bCCAO model. Animals in the treatment groups received CBL (2.