Grief experience among ICU staff with loss of family members during COVID-19 outbreak in IRAN: A qualitative study.

Introduction: The COVID-19 crisis created a lot of problems in people's lives. Different lifestyles, mental health, communication, rituals and traditions, particularly those involved in mourning, have changed drastically. Medical staff faced numerous critically ill patients every day.

Human cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections in breast cancer: A molecular study on Iranian women.

Background And Objectives: The role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections in breast cancer pathology is not well understood. Our study aimed to investigate the association of HCMV and EBV infections with breast cancer and distinguish the types of positive EBV and LMP-1 samples in Iranian patients.

Methods: Seventy-two formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissues were analyzed between December 2014 and April 2016.

Superior hypogastric plexus block as an effective treatment method for endometriosis-related chronic pelvic pain: an open-label pilot clinical trial.

We aimed to investigate the effect of superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) block on pain relief and quality of life of patients with refractory endometriosis. Sixteen patients with refractory endometriosis underwent SHP block. The outcome measures included visual analogue scale (VAS) for chronic pelvic pain, VAS for dysmenorrhoea, and VAS for dyspareunia.

Would Colloidal Gold Nanocarriers Present An Effective Diagnosis Or Treatment For Ischemic Stroke?

Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate OX26-PEG-coated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) (OX26@GNPs) as a novel targeted nanoparticulate system on cell survival after ischemic stroke.

Materials And Methods: Dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta sizer, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to characterize the OX26@GNPs. The effect of OX26@GNPs on infarct volume, neuronal loss, and necroptosis was evaluated 24 h after reperfusion using 2, 3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, Nissl staining and Western blot assay, respectively.

Application of data mining techniques for predicting residents' performance on pre-board examinations: A case study.

Context: Predicting residents' academic performance is critical for medical educational institutions to plan strategies for improving their achievement.

Aims: This study aimed to predict the performance of residents on preboard examinations based on the results of in-training examinations (ITE) using various educational data mining (DM) techniques.

Settings And Design: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional pilot study conducted at Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Anesthetic Trainee Theatre Educational Environment Measure (ATEEM).

The quality improvement of medical education programs and the ongoing reform of the curriculum should be done in the light of clinical training fields and identifying the strengths and improving the weaknesses. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of ATEEM (Anesthetic Trainee Theatre Educational Environment Measure) questionnaire for assessing learning environment of anesthesiology residents in educational centers affiliated to 3 main medical schools in Tehran, Iran. This study was conducted on first to fourth year anesthesiology residents using a questionnaire.

Molecular prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among Iranian women with breast cancer.

Background: The etiology and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of breast cancer still remain poorly understood. Some epidemiological studies have shown an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and breast cancer. However, the findings are controversial.

Which Ultrasound-Guided Sciatic Nerve Block Strategy Works Faster? Prebifurcation or Separate Tibial-Peroneal Nerve Block? A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Peripheral nerve block is an accepted method in lower limb surgeries regarding its convenience and good tolerance by the patients. Quick performance and fast sensory and motor block are highly demanded in this method. The aim of the present study was to compare 2 different methods of sciatic and tibial-peroneal nerve block in lower limb surgeries in terms of block onset.

The effects of injecting intra-articular platelet-rich plasma or prolotherapy on pain score and function in knee osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease that usually occurs in older people and leads to pain and disabilities. OA treatment ranges from drug therapy to surgery. Drug and rehabilitation therapy are preferred over surgery, and, especially, there is a tendency toward compounds causing regenerative changes in the knee joint.

Comparison of ultrasound-guided posterior transversus abdominis plane block and lateral transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing cesarean section: a randomized double-blind clinical trial study.

Background: Due to the importance of pain control after abdominal surgery, several methods such as transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block are used to reduce the pain after surgery. TAP blocks can be performed using various ultrasound-guided approaches. Two important approaches to do this are ultrasound-guided lateral and posterior approaches.

Adding Intra-Articular Growth Hormone to Platelet Rich Plasma under Ultrasound Guidance in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comparative Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Intra-articular injections of platelet rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis have been shown to reduce pain and improve joint function. The aim of this study is to examine the joint function by adding intra-articular growth hormone to platelet rich plasma. This study was performed on the individuals with knee osteoarthritis and under ultrasound guidance.

Analgesic effects of adding lidocaine to morphine pumps after orthopedic surgeries.

Background: Opiate is used in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia pumps (PCIA) for controlling pain in post-surgical patients. Other drugs are remarkably added to opioid pumps to enhance quality, lengthen analgesia, and reduce side effects. Lidocaine, a local anesthetic which inhibits sodium channels, has anesthetic and analgesic effects when injected locally or intravenously.

A Randomized Controlled Trial on Analgesic Effects of Intravenous Acetaminophen versus Dexamethasone after Pediatric Tonsillectomy.

Background: A few studies are available actually comparing the clinical efficacy of intravenous acetaminophen with other medications such as dexamethasone to inhibit postoperative adverse events in children.

Objectives: This randomized blinded controlled trial was designed to compare controlling status of postoperative events in children after tonsillectomy randomized to receive either intravenous acetaminophen or dexamethasone.

Patients And Methods: Eighty four children aged between 4 to 13 undergoing tonsillectomy were randomized using a computer-generated schedule to double-blind treatment with intravenous acetaminophen (15 mg/kg) or intravenous dexamethasone (0.

Does changes in the electrical resistance of an acupuncture meridian predict pain intensity following orthopedic surgery?

Background: Several methods for assessment of severity of pain have been proposed but all of them are subjective.

Objectives: This study evaluated the association concerning changes in electrical resistance (ER) between two acupuncture points and severity of postoperative pain in order to define an objective measurement of pain.

Patients And Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 50 patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery with postoperative moderate to severe pain (VAS > 4,) were consecutively enrolled.

Effects of premedication with metoprolol on bleeding and induced hypotension in nasal surgery.

Background: One of the major problems in surgery is intraoperative bleeding which reduces visibility in the operative field. An important task for an anesthetist during head and neck surgery is to improve intraoperative visibility.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of bleeding using different doses of oral metoprolol during three common types of nasal operation; rhinoplasty, septoplasty and functional endoscopic sinus surgery, as this is one of the complications during head and neck surgery.

Use of remifentanil and alfentanil in endotracheal intubation: a comparative study.

Background: Opioids, such as alfentanil, are used to facilitate endotracheal intubation without the use of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients undergoing elective surgery.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the endotracheal intubation conditions when remifentanil or alfentanil was used with propofol without the application of neuromuscular blocking agents.

Patients And Methods: One hundred American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I patients scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, triple-blinded study.

The maternal and neonatal effects of adding tramadol to 2% lidocaine in epidural anesthesia for cesarean section.

Background: Opioid analgesics are commonly added to epidural local anesthetics to improve analgesia during surgery.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the maternal and neonatal effects of adding different doses of tramadol to 2% lidocaine in the epidural anesthesia for cesarean section.

Patients And Methods: Ninety pregnant patients who were candidates for cesarean section under epidural anesthesia were randomly categorized into three groups.

Evaluation of the efficacy of intrathecal injection of amitriptyline and doxepin in spinal anesthesia in comparison with bupivacaine in rats.

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly used orally for treating chronic pain states, such as neuropathic pain. TCAs produce analgesia by various mechanisms, including sodium channels, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, biogenic amines, opioids, inflammatory mediators, and substance P. Studies have shown that intrathecal tricyclic administration effectively attenuates pain and thermal hyperalgesia in inflammatory and neuropathic pain in rats.