H and C NMR and FTIR Spectroscopic Analysis of Formic Acid Dissociation Dynamics in Water.

The formation and transport of ionic charges in formic acid-water (HCOOH-HO) mixtures with initial water mole fractions ranging from X = 0 to 1 were investigated using C and H NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, viscosity, conductivity, and pH measurements. The maximum molar concentration of ions (HO and HCOO), along with the relative differences between theoretical and experimental densities, spin-lattice relaxation times (), activation energies (), viscosity (η), and conductivity (σ), were identified within the range of X ≈ 0.5-0.