Contralateral and siblings' knees are at higher risk of ACL tear for patients with a positive history of ACL tear.

Purpose: Recent studies have shown that several genetic factors can cause susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. The aim of the present study was to evaluate certain underlying factors that increase the risk of ACL rupture.

Methods: Eight hundred thirty-six patients with ACL rupture who underwent ACL reconstructive surgery from 2010 to 2013 at an academic center completed a minimum of 5 years post-operation follow-up.

Double-plate fixation together with bridging bone grafting in nonunion of femoral supracondylar, subtrochanteric, and shaft fractures is an effective technique.

Purpose: The aims of the present study were to evaluate and report the therapeutic outcomes of double-plate fixation in combination with autogenous bridging bone grafting in treatment of nonunion fractures of femur.

Methods: In this retrospective case series study, 41 patients with nonunion fracture of femur who underwent surgery by double-plate fixation and autogenous bridging bone grafting in academic referral center from July 2010 to July 2015 were enrolled. Totally, 32 males and 9 females with mean age of 35 years were evaluated.

Intra-sheath versus extra-sheath ultrasound guided corticosteroid injection for trigger finger: a triple blinded randomized clinical trial.

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare clinical results of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection, intra-sheath versus extra-sheath of the finger flexor tendon.

Methods: A total of 166 patients with trigger finger were evaluated in a triple blind randomized clinical trial study. All the patients were injected with 1ml of 40mg/ml methyl prednisolone acetate, under the guidance of ultrasound.

Predicting the Hamstring Tendon Diameter Using Anthropometric Parameters.

Background: Despite the importance of hamstring tendon autograft, one major disadvantage in applying this technique in the surgical reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament is individual variability in the tendon diameter. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to use anthropometric parameters such as gender, height and body mass index to predict 4-strand (quadruple) hamstring tendons (gracilis and 2-strand semitendinosus tendons).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on all consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction between 2013 and 2015.

Hamstring tendon autograft versus fresh-frozen tibialis posterior allograft in primary arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a retrospective cohort study with three to six years follow-up.

Introduction: Selection of various grafts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions have been employed in order to improve on stability and function of the knee. This study aimed to compare stability and function of the knee after ACL arthroscopic reconstruction by single-loop tibialis posterior (TP) allograft and four-strand hamstring tendon (HT) autograft.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective cohort study included 104 patients in the TP group matched with 118 patients in the HT group in terms of demographic characteristics, associated meniscus injury, subjective and objective knee characteristics.

Treatment Outcomes of Corticosteroid Injection and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as Two Primary Therapeutic Methods for Acute Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.

The outcome of corticosteroid injection (CSI) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) as primary treatment of acute plantar fasciitis has been debated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects of CSI and ESWT in patients with acute (<6-week duration) symptomatic plantar fasciitis. Of the 116 eligible patients, 68 were randomized to 2 equal groups of 34 patients, each undergoing either ESWT or CSI.

Effect of obesity on arthroscopic treatment of anterolateral impingement syndrome of the ankle.

The present case series study was performed to evaluate the effect of obesity on the arthroscopic findings and the functional outcome after arthroscopic treatment of anterolateral impingement syndrome of the ankle. The study was conducted on 36 patients (26 were classified as obese [body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2)] and 10 as not obese [body mass index <25 kg/m(2)]) who had previously undergone arthroscopic treatment of anterolateral impingement syndrome of the ankle. The arthroscopic findings and demographic features were recorded.

Snow Catastrophe Conditions: What is its Impact on Orthopedic Injuries?

Background: Iran places sixth amongst high risk natural disaster countries and Guilan province of Iran shoulders a large amount of socio-economic burden due to snow catastrophes. The more knowledge of circumstances we have, the more efficient our future encounters will be.

Methods: In this retrospective study, of all of the patients admitted to Poursina Hospital due to snow and ice related trauma in the first two weeks of February 2014, 306 cases were found eligible for entry into the present study.

Is gabapentin effective on pain management after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? A triple blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Acute pain is common after arthroscopic surgeries and it is one of the most important causes of patient dissatisfaction, admission time and increased morbidity . Gabapentin with anti-hyperalgesic effects can play a critical role in pre-emptive analgesia methods. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of gabapentin in pain management after surgery and the rate of drug consumption in patients who are candidate for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction arthroscopic surgery.

Role of gracilis harvesting in four-strand hamstring tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a double-blinded prospective randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Weakness in knee flexion following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the key issues in the treatment of an ACL tear. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare clinical outcome measures of ACL reconstruction using semitendinosus autograft (ST) versus semitendinosus + gracilis (ST/G) reconstructive techniques.

Methods: In a double-blind randomized clinical study, 19 patients with an ACL tear underwent either ST (59) or ST/G (61) and observed for 1 year.

Corticosteroid injection with or without thumb spica cast for de Quervain tenosynovitis.

Purpose: To compare the corticosteroid injection (CSI) with or without thumb spica cast (TSC) for de Quervain tendinitis.

Methods: In this prospective trial, 67 eligible patients with de Quervain tenosynovitis were randomly assigned into CSI + TSC (33 cases) and CSI (34 cases) groups. All patients received 40 mg of methylprednisolone acetate with 1 cc lidocaine 2% in the first dorsal compartment at the area of maximal point tenderness.

Celecoxib as a pre-emptive analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery; a triple-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pre-emptive analgesia not only controls pain but also may result in the reduction of opioid consumption and related side effects following orthopedic surgeries. The purpose of the present study was to examine the therapeutic effects of celecoxib in reducing pain following the arthroscopic knee surgeries: anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and partial meniscectomy.

Materials And Methods: In this triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, celecoxib 400 mg and identical placebo were administered, 2 h prior to operation, to 130 patient candidates for undergoing knee arthroscopic surgery of either isolated meniscectomy or ACL reconstruction.

The effects of corticosteroid injection versus local anesthetic injection in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: a randomized single-blinded clinical trial.

Introduction: This study seeks to compare two treatment methods of lateral epicondylitis: corticosteroid injection (CSI) and a local anesthetic injection (LAI).

Materials And Methods: In this single-blinded randomized clinical trial, 138 patients with the diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis were assigned either into CSI group receiving methylprednisolone 1 ml (49 patients) or LAI group (51 patients) receiving procaine 1 ml 2 % in a single dose at the maximal point tenderness site. The primary outcome measure was elbow disability using Quick DASH, and secondary outcome measures were pain intensity using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and recurrence rate at pretreatment visit and at 3-, 6- and 12-week post-treatment visits.

Evaluation of clinical outcomes of cementless total hip arthroplasty in patients under 30 years of age.

Background: Historically, performing a successful hip joint replacement in patients aged fewer than 30 years has been an orthopedic challenge. The newer generation of prostheses and surgical techniques has the potential to increase the longevity of implants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of cementless hip arthroplasty in patients aged fewer than 30 years.