Innovative production of highly potent equine neutralizing antibody against Hemiscorpius lepturus scorpion venom using recombinant mPLD1 protein.

Scorpion envenomation, especially from Hemiscorpius lepturus, poses a significant health risk, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. The venom's major toxin, which includes phospholipase D (PLD), is responsible for various systemic complications. In prior studies, we identified a native phospholipase D (PLD) toxin as a key lethal factor in the venom of H.

How does McGregor respond to sublethal doses of entomopathogenic fungus (Hyp.: Cordycipitaceae)?

Two-spotted spider mite, Koch (Acari: Prostigmata), is one of the most economically important mite species, mainly controlled by chemical acaricides. Natural enemies have been assessed as reliable alternatives for management of this phytophagous mite. In the current project, demographic characteristics of McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to sublethal concentrations (LC = 6.

Combination of losartan with pirfenidone: a protective anti-fibrotic against pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in rats.

Pirfenidone (PFD), one acceptable medication for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), is not well tolerated by patients at full doses. Hence, employing of some approaches such as combination therapy may be applicable for increasing therapeutic efficacy of PFD. Losartan (LOS), an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, could be a suitable candidate for combination therapy because of its stabilizing effect on the pulmonary function of IPF patients.

Preventive and therapeutic effects of azithromycin on acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats.

Background: Acrylamide (ACR) can induce neurotoxicity through different pathways, including oxidative stress and apoptosis. Azithromycin is well-known for its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.

Objective: To evaluate the potential neuroprotective effect of azithromycin in an in vivo model of ACR-induced neurotoxicity, by investigating its impact on oxidative stress and apoptosis pathways.

Losartan enhances the suppressive effect of pirfenidone on the bleomycin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress in A549 cell line.

Objectives: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease. Despite the promising anti-fibrotic effect, the toleration of pirfenidone (PFD) by the patients in full dose is low. Combination therapy is a method for enhancing the therapeutic efficiency of PFD and decreasing its dose.

Alpha-mangostin Protects PC12 Cells Against Neurotoxicity Induced by Cadmium and Arsenic.

Arsenic and cadmium are nonessential elements that are of importance in public health due to their high toxicity. Contact with these toxic elements, even in very small amounts, can induce various side effects, including neurotoxicity. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are part of the main mechanisms of arsenic- and cadmium-induced toxicity.

The Impact of Body Posture on Heart Rate Strain during Tree Felling.

Tree felling is recognized as one of the most difficult and physically demanding work phases in motor-manual wood harvesting, during which maintaining good posture can avert unnecessary loadings to the spine and the consequent musculoskeletal disorders to forestry professionals. This study aimed to (a) quantify the impact of posture selection by means of heart rate measurements and (b) analyze its interactions with the anthropometric and personal information of study subjects. Thirteen forest workers were asked to fell thirty trees in each of the four most common body postures during motor-manual forest operations: (i) stooping, (ii) flexed stooping, (iii) squatting, and (iv) half kneeling.

Design of vestibules as transitional spaces in infection control: Necessity of working space changes to cope with communicable infections.

Background: After the spread of infectious diseases, people stay at home as a shelter space to be safe and sound. Current homes and work spaces have shown not to be a good environment for health and hygiene. During different crises of infectious diseases, architects and designers analyze the needs for change and evolve of environments to achieve a suitable design that prevents the spread of pathogens.

The effect of early handling on anxiety-like behaviors of rats exposed to valproic acid pre-and post-natally.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex, behaviorally defined disorder of the immature brain as a result of genetic and environmental risk factors, such as prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA). This syndrome is known for its high prevalence. On the other hand, postnatal manipulations have been shown to affect brain development, cortical neuroscience, and pituitary-adrenal activity.

Resveratrol Attenuates Learning, Memory, and Social Interaction Impairments in Rats Exposed to Arsenic.

Arsenic (As) toxicity has deleterious effects on human health causing disorder in the brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of resveratrol (RSV) on arsenic-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Neurotoxicity in rats was developed by treating As 10 mg/kg/day for 21 days orally.

Biological responses of (Acari: Tetranychidae) to sub-lethal concentrations of the entomopathogenic fungus .

Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the most important pests of agricultural crops with worldwide distribution causing considerable damage to different products. Application of chemical acaricides is one of the most important strategies used for the control of this pest. Entomopathogenic fungi, however, have been proposed as alternative control agents.

Modulatory Effect of Probiotic PB01 on Mechanical Sensitivity in a Female Diet-Induced Obesity Model.

Obese animals and humans demonstrate higher sensitivity to pain stimuli. Among the endogenous factors prompting obesity, the intestinal microbiota has been proposed to influence responsiveness to pain. The beneficial effects of probiotics on obesity are well documented, whereas data on their analgesic efficacy is minimal.

Bile reflux after one anastomosis gastric bypass surgery: A review study.

Background: Recently the performance rate of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) bariatric surgery has increased. Bile reflux is on of common considered complication of OAGB challenging surgeon.

Methods: We searched English full text with keyword "bile reflux" AND "OAGB" OR "one anastomosis gastric bypass" OR "SAGB" OR "single anastomosis gastric bypass" that published from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2020 in PubMed, EMBASE, Google scholar and Cochrane Library.

Comparison of commercially available chamber slides for computer-aided analysis of human sperm.

Despite the increasing use of computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) in clinical practice, there is still no golden standard for the type of slide to be used with these systems. Counting chamber depth and loading method, can profoundly influence motility and concentration estimates, thereby undermining the validity and accuracy of CASA. To contribute toward standardized sperm analysis, this study compared different commercially available capillary-filled slides including 10 and 20 µm deep Leja slides (Leja10 and Leja20); 10, 16 and 20 µm deep CellVision slides (CV10, CV16 and CV20); and drop-loaded slides including slide and coverslip (SCS) with a depth of 20.

Occupational Exposure and Risk Assessment of Formaldehyde in the Pathology Departments of Hospitals.

Background And Objective: Exposure to formaldehyde has adverse effects on health both acutely and over the long term (e.g., carcinogenicity).

Serum levels of Organochlorine Pesticides and Breast Cancer Risk in Iranian Women.

Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease and its etiology is linked to multiple risk factors. There are shreds of controversial evidence that exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are important in the etiology of breast cancer. The present study aimed to determine the circulating levels of OCPs in patients with breast tumors in Southeastern of Iran.

Prevalence of Aflatoxin Contamination in Herbs and Spices in Different Regions of Iran.

Background: Mycotoxins are natural toxins, produced by several fungal species and are associated with morbidity or even mortality in animals, plants, and humans. In this study, 120 samples of herbs and spices in both bulk and packaged forms were prepared in order to measure aflatoxin level in different regions of Iran.

Methods: The aflatoxin was extracted during Mar to May 2015, using 80% methanol and then purified via immunoaffinity column.

Analysis of formaldehyde and acrolein in the aqueous samples using a novel needle trap device containing nanoporous silica aerogel sorbent.

In this research, a needle trap device (NTD) packed with nanoporous silica aerogel as a sorbent was used as a new technique for sampling and analysis of formaldehyde and acrolein compounds in aqueous and urine samples. The obtained results were compared with those of the commercial sorbent Carboxen1000. Active sampling was used and a 21-G needle was applied for extraction of gas in the sample headspace.

Application of solid phase microextraction and needle trap device with silica composite of carbon nanotubes for determination of perchloroethylene in laboratory and field.

In this paper solid phase microextraction (SPME) and needle trap device (NTD) as two in-progress air monitoring techniques was applied with silylated composite of carbon nanotubes for sampling and analysis of perchloroethylene in air. Application of SPME and NTD with proposed nano-structured sorbent was investigated under different laboratory and experimental parameters and compared to the SPME and NTD with CAR/PDMS. Finally the two samplers contained nano-sorbent used as a field sampler for sampling and analysis of perchloroethylene in dry cleaning.

Application of graphene nanoplatelets silica composite, prepared by sol-gel technology, as a novel sorbent in two microextraction techniques.

In this study, the application of a novel nanomaterial composite was investigated in two microextraction techniques of solid-phase microextraction and a needle trap device in a variety of sampling conditions. The optimum sampling temperature and relative humidity were 10°C and 20%, respectively, for both techniques with two sorbents of graphene/silica composite and polydimethyl siloxane. The two microextraction techniques with the proposed sorbent showed recoveries of 95.

Effect of Crocus sativus extracts and its active constituent safranal on the harmaline-induced tremor in mice.

Objectives: Due to unsatisfactory response or intolerable side effects of current drugs, treatment of essential tremor remains inadequate. Thus, we aimed to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Crocus sativus (saffron), and its active consistent, safranal, on the harmaline-induced tremor in mice.

Materials And Methods: To induce tremor, harmaline (30 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally.

Graphene packed needle trap device as a novel field sampler for determination of perchloroethylene in the air of dry cleaning establishments.

In this paper we describe the application of a needle trap microextraction device packed with graphene nanoplatelets for the sampling and analysis of perchloroethylene in dry cleaning. The study was carried out in two phases. First the parameters for the sampling and analysis of perchloroethylene by NTD were evaluated and optimized in the laboratory.

Solid-phase microextraction fiber development for sampling and analysis of volatile organohalogen compounds in air.

A green, environmental friendly and sensitive method for determination of volatile organohalogen compounds was described in this paper. The method is based on a homemade sol-gel single-walled carbon nanotube/silica composite coated solid-phase microextraction to develop for sampling and analysis of Carbon tetrachloride, Benzotrichloride, Chloromethyl methyl ether and Trichloroethylene in air. Application of this method was investigated under different laboratory conditions.

The effects of fibroblast co-culture and activin A on in vitro growth of mouse preantral follicles.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate fibroblast co-culture and Activin A on in vitro maturation and fertilization of mouse preantral follicles.

Methods: The ovaries from 12-14-day-old mice were dissected, and 120-150 μm preantral follicles were cultured individually in α-MEM as based medium for 12 days. A total number of 456 follicles were cultured in four conditions: (i) base medium as control group (n = 113), (ii) base medium supplemented with 30 ng/ml Activin A (n = 115), (iii) base medium co-cultured with mouse embryonic fibroblast (n = 113), and (iv) base medium supplemented with 30 ng/ml Activin A and co-cultured with fibroblast (n = 115).

A needle trap device packed with a sol-gel derived, multi-walled carbon nanotubes/silica composite for sampling and analysis of volatile organohalogen compounds in air.

A needle trap device (NTD) packed with silica composite of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) prepared based on sol-gel technique was utilized for sampling and analysis of volatile organohalogen compounds (HVOCs) in air. The performance of the NTD packed with MWCNTs/silica composite as sorbent was examined in a variety of sampling conditions and was compared with NTDs packed with PDMS as well as SPME with Carboxen/PDMS-coated fibers. The limit of detection of NTDs for the GC/MS detection system was 0.