Therapeutic impact of grape leaves polyphenols on certain biochemical and neurological markers in AlCl-induced Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a grave and prevailing neurodegenerative disease, characterized by slow and progressive neurodegeneration in different brain regions. Aluminum (Al) is a potent and widely distributed neurotoxic metal, implicated in the neuropathogenesis of AD. This study aimed to evaluate the possible neurorestorative potential of Vitis vinifera Leaves Polyphenolic (VLP) extract in alleviating aluminum chloride (AlCl)-induced neurotoxicity in male rats.

Inverted ureteral nipple as antireflux technique in surgical management of bilharzial ureteral strictures.

Objectives: To present our initial clinical experience with the technique of inverted nipple ureteroneocystostomy in patients with dilated bilharzial ureters.

Methods: A total of 36 patients with obstructed dilated bilharzial ureters (56 ureters) underwent inverted nipple ureteroneocystotomy after resection of the obstructed segment. Postoperatively, the patients were invited for follow-up at 3 and 6 months and yearly thereafter.

Synthesis and antitumor activity of indolylpyrimidines: marine natural product meridianin D analogues.

Marine indole alkaloid meridianin D analogues have been synthesized starting from the appropriate 3-cyanoacetyl indole. A facile two-step conversion of 3-cyanoacetyl indole to the corresponding cyano meridianin D analogue by treatment with dimethylformamide-dimethylacetal and further cyclization of the resulting enaminonitrile with aminoguanidine is described. Then, alkaline hydrolysis of cyano meridianin D afforded the carboxylic acid analogue.