Prognostic significance of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in locally advanced breast cancer.

The present study aimed to clarify the prognostic role of the pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Due to conflicting results in currently available data, the specific focus of the present study was on evaluating the associations between the pre-treatment NLR and the rate of achieving a pathological complete response (pCR) and survival outcomes. For the present study, data from a cohort of 465 consecutive patients with LABC who underwent NAC at King Feisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) between 2005 and 2014 were obtained from a prospective BC database and analyzed.

Outcome and prognostic factors of low‑grade serous ovarian cancer: An observational retrospective study.

Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is a very rare histological subtype of serous ovarian cancer, representing ~2% of all epithelial ovarian cancer cases. LGSOC has a better prognosis but a lower response rate to chemotherapy in comparison to high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). The present study is a retrospective review of the medical records of all patients with histologically proven LGSOC diagnosed and treated in a single institute between January 2003 and December 2019.

The Effectiveness of Denosumab in Middle Eastern Patients With Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study.

Background: Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is an aggressive benign tumor, which constitutes 5% of all primary bone tumors. Denosumab, a receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand monoclonal antibody, inhibits osteoclast-induced bone destruction and has demonstrated promising results in patients with GCTB. However, the long-term efficacy of the drug has not been extensively studied, especially in the Middle East.

Rare Case of Recurrent Adamantinoma of the Tibia: Limited Efficacy of Pazopanib as a Standalone Treatment.

BACKGROUND Adamantinoma is a rare low-grade malignant bone tumor, usually found in the tibial diaphysis and metaphysis, with histological similarities to mandibular ameloblastoma. The most effective treatment of recurrent adamantinoma is not yet clear. This report is of a 22-year-old woman with recurrent tibial adamantinoma treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib.

Phase II Trial of FOLFIRINOX in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.

Introduction: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options, are increasingly prevalent malignancies with a five-year survival rate of less than 20% for advanced-stage disease. The standard first-line chemotherapy combining gemcitabine and cisplatin offers modest survival benefits, necessitating the exploration of more effective therapies. This study reports the results of a single-arm, open-label, phase 2 trial assessing the efficacy and safety of fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRINOX) as a first-line treatment for metastatic or locally advanced unresectable BTC.

Suspected NUT carcinoma progressing on pembrolizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel as first-line treatment: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: NUT carcinoma of the thorax is an extremely rare neoplasm characterized by a translocation between the NUT M1 gene and members of the bromodomain genetic family. Due to the rarity of the neoplasm, standardized treatment guidelines have not yet been established. Several chemotherapeutic agents have been used with limited success, due to the rapid development of resistance to treatment.

Successful Recovery of COVID-19 Associated With Cardiomyopathy in Advanced Breast Cancer Patient With Pulmonary Lymphangitis Carcinomatosis.

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces myocardiopathy in 19% of severe cases, with a mortality rate of up to 51%. The mainstay of treatment is supportive care, steroids, and tocilizumab (anti-IL-6). This is a case of a 43-year-old woman diagnosed with hormone-positive breast cancer with lung metastasis and pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis (PLC).

The Use of Crizotinib in Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma with Mutation: A Case Report.

Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma is an ultra-rare and aggressive high-grade fibrosarcoma that was originally described in 1995. More than 100 cases are documented worldwide, with the most extensive case series reporting a high rate of recurrence and metastasis. ALK mutations are commonly seen in soft-tissue sarcomas; however, this is the first known case of an ALK V757M mutation.

Impact of Risk Factors and Long Term Survival Analysis of Patients With Primary Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma Who Underwent High Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant.

Patients with primary refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (ref-HL) can still be salvaged with high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT). Outcomes of patients with ref-HL is poorer than those with relapsed HL, but most studies have included patients with both relapsed and refractory diseases, and separate analyses or studies on patients with ref-HL are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of HDC auto-SCT and impact of various prognostic factors in patients with ref-HL at the time of primary treatment failure and subsequent survival at the time of failure post-HDC auto-SCT.

Gemcitabine-Induced Myositis in a Luminal B Breast Cancer patient: A Case Report.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-positive breast cancer is an aggressive cancer which represents approximately a quarter of all breast cancers worldwide. Recent advances have led to the development of targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab (H), which have significantly improved prognosis. Such therapies are currently used alongside other chemotherapeutic agents, such as paclitaxel (P) and gemcitabine (G).

Characteristics and outcomes of small bowel adenocarcinoma: 14 years of experience at a single tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is an extremely rare cancer type. In the present study, the patient characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed and treated for SBA at a single tertiary hospital were reported. All patients diagnosed and managed between 2007 and 2020 were reviewed.

Combining Sunitinib and Bevacizumab for the Management of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Phase I/II Trial.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors remain a cornerstone in managing metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The 4 weeks on/2 weeks off intermittent sunitinib schedule could result in rebound angiogenesis and tumor progression in the 2-week rest period. We propose using bevacizumab during this period for continuous antiangiogenic effects.

Adult-Type Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumour: Treatment Outcomes From a Single-Institution Experience.

Objectives:  Ovarian granulosa cell tumour is rare. This study aims to report the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of adult-type ovarian granulosa cell tumour (AOGCT) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC) and to determine the prognostic factors affecting relapse and survival.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with AOGCT, from 1988 to 2014, who were treated at our institution.

Combined Prophylactic Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy and Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Localized Gastroesophageal Junction and Gastric Cancer: A Comparative Nonrandomized Study.

Background: The peritoneum frequently is the only recurrence site after radical resection of gastric cancer. Data suggest that hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) reduce peritoneal recurrence and possibly improve survival for patients with resected gastric and serosal involvement. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining prophylactic HIPEC and IORT after radical resection of localized gastric cancer.

Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy using infusional gemcitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer: A phase II trial.

Introduction: Gemcitabine is a well-known radiosensitizer. Herein, we tested the efficacy and toxicity of preoperative concurrent infusional gemcitabine and radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: This was a phase II, single-arm trial.

Association Between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Oncotype Dx Recurrence Score in Early-Stage Hormonal Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative, Node-Negative Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The correlation between the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Oncotype DX (ODX) recurrence score (RS) has not yet been established. We aimed to investigate the association between NLR and ODX RS in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) early-stage breast cancer (BC).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients with HR+/HER2-, node-negative primary BC who underwent surgical tumor resection from 2011 to 2019.

Peripheral blood eosinophil count is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

There is evidence for an association between peripheral blood eosinophil count (PBEC) and response to cancer immunotherapy; however, such data is limited in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). This report presents patients (n = 14) who received a combination of durvalumab and paclitaxel for mTNBC (NCT02628132). There was a statistically significant correlation (p = 0.

Real-World Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Pazopanib in Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Purpose: Pazopanib has been approved for treating soft tissue sarcomas (STS) after chemotherapy. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors, clinical outcomes, and tolerability of pazopanib in patients with STS.

Patients And Methods: Forty-five patients treated between June 2015 and August 2019 were reviewed.

Ribociclib-Induced Pneumonitis: A Case Report.

Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors have been a significant breakthrough in the management of hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer based on the results of several large phase III randomized trials. The most common reported toxicity is myelosuppression due to disease such as leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Other toxicities associated with CDK 4/6 inhibitors include mucositis, fatigue, gastrointestinal side effects, hepatic toxicities, and QTc prolongation.

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma characteristics, management of primary and relapsed/refractory disease and outcome analysis: the first comprehensive report from the Middle East.

Background: Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is an uncommon variant of Hodgkin lymphoma. There is limited data on treatment, management of refractory and relapsed disease, and long-term outcome. Many registries or country-wide data reports are unable to provide detailed primary and subsequent management.

Impact of Pathologic Complete Response following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ± Trastuzumab in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer.

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the relationship between breast cancer molecular subtypes and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) ± trastuzumab, in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

Methods: Female patients with LABC (T2-T4, N0-N2, and M0) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy + trastuzumab if HER2+ subtype, followed by surgery and radiotherapy ± hormonal therapy, were identified. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR) in the breast and axilla (ypT0/ypN0), with final analysis on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Risk of hematological malignancies in the families of patients treated for nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.

Background: Familial clustering of lymphoid and/or hematological malignancies (FHM) provides an opportunity to study the responsible genes. The data is limited in patients with lymphoid and hematological malignancies.

Methods: The lymphoma database was used to identify patients seen in our institution from 1998 to 2019 with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL).

Elicitation of Health Utilities in Oncology in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: Health utilities (HUs) are quantitative measures of quality of life that are used to derive outcomes such as quality-adjusted life years in cost-effectiveness analyses. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, there are no HUs for cancer. This study aimed to generate HU estimates for various health states associated with cancer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Survival benefit of surgical resection after first-line triplet chemotherapy and bevacizumab in patients with initially unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer.

Background: Surgical resection of metastatic disease in patients with initially non-resectable colorectal cancer (CRC) has improved overall survival. Intensified chemotherapy regimens have increased the probability of converting unresectable metastasis to resectable. Here, we report the result of combining intensive chemotherapy (triplet) and surgical resection of metastatic lesions in patients with metastatic CRC.

ROC-1, P21 and CAIX as markers of tumor aggressiveness in bladder carcinoma in Egyptian patients.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies in Egypt, representing about 8.7% of cancers in both sexes with more predominance in males, making identification of valuable predictive and prognostic markers, mandatory. Cullin-RING ligases (CRL) play an important role in the ubiquitination of cell cycle-related proteins or other proteins (e.