Study of Exogenous Melatonin as a Treatment Modality for Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients.

The pineal hormone melatonin plays a major role in numerous physiological functions such as circadian sleep-wake rhythm, mood, immunity, and reproduction. Patients on hemodialysis (HD) frequently suffer from sleep and psychiatric disturbances. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of exogenous oral melatonin in HD patients regarding sleep disturbances, depression, and anxiety alongside the quality of life (QoL).

Cranial electrotherapy stimulation for the treatment of chronically symptomatic bipolar patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is beneficial in chronically symptomatic bipolar (CSBP) subjects.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of all consecutive CSBP subjects who were prescribed CES collected demographic and clinical information.

Results: The Clinical Global Impression improved significantly [mean (SD), 2.