Recent pharmacological insights on abating toxic protein species burden in neurological disorders: Emphasis on 26S proteasome activation.

Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) refers to the plethora of mechanisms that safeguard the proper folding of the newly synthesized proteins. It entails various intricately regulated cues that demolish the toxic protein species to prevent their aggregation. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is recognized as a salient protein degradation system, with a substantial role in maintaining proteostasis.

Temperature, pressure, and duration impacts on the optimal stiffening of carbonates aged in diammonium phosphate solution.

Diammonium phosphate (DAP) has been proven effective in improving the stiffness of weak or acid-damaged carbonates, thereby preserving hydraulic fracture conductivity. The reaction between DAP and calcite in chalk formations primarily produces hydroxyapatite (HAP), which is stiffer than calcite. However, the optimal reaction outcomes vary greatly with factors such as DAP concentration and reaction conditions.

Neuromodulatory effect of vardenafil on aluminium chloride/D-galactose induced Alzheimer's disease in rats: emphasis on amyloid-beta, p-tau, PI3K/Akt/p53 pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and cellular senescence.

Dysregulation of protein homeostasis, proteostasis, is a distinctive hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders and aging. Deleteriously, the accumulation of aberrant proteins in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is accompanied with a marked collapse in proteostasis network. The current study explored the potential therapeutic effect of vardenafil (VAR), a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, in AlCl/D-galactose (D-gal)-induced AD in rats and its possible underlying mechanisms.

Roflumilast escalates α-synuclein aggregate degradation in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease in rats: Modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Perturbation of the protein homeostasis circuit is one of the principal attributes associated with many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of roflumilast (ROF), a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, in a rotenone-induced rat model of PD and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. Interestingly, ROF (1 mg/kg, p.

Erratum to "Effect of oil and methanolic extract as potential natural molluscicides on the reproductive biology and some antioxidant enzymes of the land snail, " [Heliyon 8 (12) (December 2022) Article e12405].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Effect of oil and methanolic extract as potential natural molluscicides on the reproductive biology and some antioxidant enzymes of the land snail, .

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oil and methanolic extract of seeds on the reproductive biology of the land snail . For this purpose, the snails were exposed to different concentrations of these plant extracts for six weeks. Rates of oviposition, hatching percentages, reproductive hormones and the histological structures of the hermaphrodite gland were estimated.

The relationship between ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, frontal plane projection angle, and patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Background: Ankle range of motion abnormalities have been often linked with alteration in knee kinematics leading to the development of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Literature exploring the relationship between ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DF ROM) and knee kinematics during functional tasks is scanty. This study aims to assess the relation between ankle DF ROM and frontal plane projection angle (FPPA), one of the knee kinematic variables, in individuals with and without PFPS during a step-down test.

Clinical outcomes in stump-preserving versus stump-sacrificing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; a randomized controlled study.

Background: Anterior Cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) aims to restore the anatomy and function of the knee. Although stump preservation during ACLR could be technically challenging, it may improve the revascularization and proprioceptive function of the graft. In this study, we aimed to compare the functional outcome after ACLR with and without stump preservation.

Finite element analysis modeling of plates versus intramedullary nails in closed comminuted midshaft tibial fractures.

Background: Tibial shaft fractures are usually treated by interlocking nails or plates. The ideal implant choice depends on many variables.

Aim: To assess the mechanical behavior of interlocking nails and plates in the treatment of closed comminuted midshaft fractures of the tibia using finite element analysis.

Volar locking plate fixation for distal radius fractures: did variable-angle plates make difference?

Purpose: Two different locking plate designs are now being used for volar plating of the distal radius fractures based on the freedom of screw direction; the fixed-angle, and the variable-angle (polyaxial) plates. We investigated the clinical and radiographic outcomes of both designs.

Methods: We reviewed 96 patients with 113 unstable distal radius fractures that were operated on with volar locking plates.

Lateral malleolar fractures Weber Type A and B: does percutaneous intramedullary screw confer a solid alternative to the traditional neutralization plate?

Purpose: To compare the clinical results, complication rates, and radiographic outcome between both methods of fixation of lateral malleolar fractures: lateral neutralization plates and intramedullary fully threaded screws.

Patients And Methods: This prospective case series study involved 73 patients with fractured lateral malleolus of type A, B according to Weber classification, to whom internal fixation was performed by either lateral plate and screws construct (Group A) or intramedullary screw (Group B). All patients were followed up for 12 months at least, with an average follow-up time of 12.

Machine Learning-Based Propped Fracture Conductivity Correlations of Several Shale Formations.

In hydraulic fracturing operations, small rounded particles called proppants are mixed and injected with fracture fluids into the targeted formation. The proppant particles hold the fracture open against formation closure stresses, providing a conduit for the reservoir fluid flow. The fracture's capacity to transport fluids is called fracture conductivity and is the product of proppant permeability and fracture width.

Data-Driven Acid Fracture Conductivity Correlations Honoring Different Mineralogy and Etching Patterns.

Acid-fracturing operations are mainly applied in tight carbonate formations to create a highly conductive path. Estimating the conductivity of a hydraulic fracture is essential for predicting the fractured well productivity. Several models were developed previously to estimate the conductivity of acid-fractured rocks.

Distribution, fate and histopathological effects of ethion insecticide on selected organs of the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.

This study aims to investigate the fate and histopathological effects of ethion on selected organs of the crayfish, Procamabrus clarkii. Crayfish were exposed to 1 mg l(-1) (14)C-ethion and the concentrations of ethion and its possible degradation products were measured in water and different organs of the crayfish over both the exposure and recovery periods. Chromatographic analysis revealed that ethion was degraded into ethion monooxon, ethion dioxon, O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate, O-ethyl phosphorothioate and one unknown compound.

Tissue distribution and subcellular localization of trace metals in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis with special reference to the role of lysosomal granules in metal sequestration.

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the cellular mechanisms, which govern metal sequestration and detoxification in gastropods. For this purpose the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis was exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of three species of metals (Al, Zn and Cd) for 30 days and the localization and fate of these metals were followed in different tissues of the snails. The measurement of relative distribution of metals between tissues revealed that the digestive gland and kidney account for most of the accumulated metals.

Effect of orthosilicic acid on the accumulation of trace metals by the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.

Silicon (Si) has a marked affinity for aluminium (Al(III)), but not other trace metals such as cadmium (Cd(II)) and zinc (Zn(II)). Exogenous orthosilicic acid (Si(OH)(4)) ameliorates the toxicity of Al(III) to the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, but its mechanism of action is unclear. Here, studies were conducted to ascertain whether interaction between orthosilicic acid and Al(III) occurs in the water column to prevent Al(III) uptake, or in the tissues to reduce the toxicity of accumulated metal.

Aluminum-dependent regulation of intracellular silicon in the aquatic invertebrate Lymnaea stagnalis.

Silicon is essential for some plants, diatoms, and sponges but, in higher animals, its endogenous regulation has not been demonstrated. Silicate ions may be natural ligands for aluminum and here we show that, in the freshwater snail (Lymnaea stagnalis), intracellular silicon seems specifically up-regulated in response to sublethal aluminum exposure. X-ray microanalysis showed that exposure of snails to low levels of aluminum led to its accumulation in lysosomal granules, accompanied by marked up-regulation of silicon.