Cervical pessary for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancies.

Background: Preterm birth (PTB), defined as birth prior to 37 weeks of gestation, occurs in ten percent of all pregnancies. PTB is responsible for more than half of neonatal and infant mortalities and morbidities. Because cervical insufficiency is a common cause of PTB, one possible preventive strategy involves insertion of a cervical pessary to support the cervix.

The rate of SARS-CoV-2 among asymptomatic non-immunised low-risk parturient women between the two waves.

This study was conducted to evaluate the rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and immunity among asymptomatic non-immunised low-risk parturient women and their newborns. A cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary hospital during the nadir period of new cases in Egypt. All asymptomatic pregnant, low risk and non-immunised women were included.

Misoprostol versus expectant management in women with incomplete first-trimester miscarriage after failed primary misoprostol treatment: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of repeat misoprostol versus expectant management in women with first-trimester incomplete miscarriage who have been initially treated with misoprostol.

Methods: The study was an open-labeled randomized controlled trial including women with an incomplete first-trimester miscarriage after administration of misoprostol. The participants were randomly assigned to vaginal misoprostol or expectant management using a computer-generated table of random numbers.

Clinical and Ultrasound Evaluation of Early Threatened Miscarriage to Predict Pregnancy Continuation up to 28 Weeks: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: (1) To study the predictors of pregnancy continuation up to 28 weeks in first-trimester threatened miscarriage after a single clinical and ultrasound (US) evaluation. (2) To assess the role of both clinical and US predictors in counseling and decreasing repeated emergency follow-up scans.

Methods: A prospective observational study that included a cohort of 241 patients with threatened miscarriage (≥6-12 weeks) was conducted.

The relationship between female genital cutting and sexual problems experienced in the first two months of marriage.

Objective: To examine the relationship between female genital cutting (FGC) and sexual problems experienced by couples in the first 2 months of marriage ("honeymoon distress").

Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted at centers in Assiut and Sohag, Egypt, between March 1, 2011, and March 31, 2014. Eligible couples presented with sexual problems during the first 2 months of marriage.

Nitroglycerin for management of retained placenta.

Background: Retained placenta affects 0.5% to 3% of women following delivery, with considerable morbidity if left untreated. Use of nitroglycerin (NTG), either alone or in combination with uterotonics, may be of value to minimise the need for manual removal of the placenta in theatre under anaesthesia.

Uterine massage for preventing postpartum haemorrhage.

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) (bleeding from the genital tract after childbirth) is a major cause of maternal mortality and disability, particularly in under-resourced areas. In these settings, uterotonics are often not accessible. There is a need for simple, inexpensive techniques which can be applied in low-resourced settings to prevent and treat PPH.

Cervical pessary for preventing preterm birth.

Background: Preterm birth is a major health problem and contributes to more than 50% of the overall perinatal mortality. Preterm birth has multiple risk factors including cervical incompetence and multiple pregnancy. Different management strategies have been tried to prevent preterm birth, including cervical cerclage.

Hybrid septate uterus, coexistence of bicornuate and septate varieties: a genuine report.

Aim: To highlight the coexistence of a uterine septum in cases diagnosed as bicornuate uterus on the basis of the external shape of the uterine fundus and to present the outcomes of its hysteroscopic management.

Methods: Descriptive clinical report. Cases with two-chambered uterine cavities were recruited with exclusion of cases with pure bicornuate uteri.

Evaluation of peritoneal fluid hemosiderin-laden macrophages in biopsy-proven endometriosis.

Objective: To evaluate peritoneal fluid hemosiderin-laden macrophages (H-LMs) in patients with endometriosis compared to controls.

Study Design: Consecutive series of 46 patients during a year undergoing laparoscopy for benign gynecologic conditions were included. The presence of H-LMs in peritoneal fluid was evaluated.

Doxycycline in the treatment of bleeding with DMPA: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in the endometrium is a predisposing factor for bleeding with depot medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) injectable contraception. Doxycycline (DOX) has been proven in vitro to inhibit MMP-mediated degradation of stromal matrix. The current study examined the effect of DOX compared to placebo in treating a current bleeding episode during DMPA use.

Effect of coadministration of dexamethasone with intrathecal morphine on postoperative outcomes after cesarean delivery.

Objective: To investigate the effect of intrathecal dexamethasone administered with intrathecal morphine at cesarean delivery on postoperative adverse effects and patient satisfaction.

Methods: A triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted between February 2008 and December 2009 of 120 pregnant women scheduled to undergo cesarean delivery. The patients were randomized into 2 groups: group 1 received 0.

Failed vaginoplasty: a successful novel blend of minimally invasive approaches.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes of a novel blend of techniques for treating vaginal contractures secondary to previous conventional constructive surgeries.

Study Design: Balloon vaginoplasty and scar tissue hydrolysis/hydro-disintegrations (BV/STH) were performed for three cases with vaginal scars after previously failed vaginoplasties. The outcomes measured were operative complications, vaginal depths as measured by a calibrated vaginometer, and functional outcomes as measured by changes in the penetration and satisfaction (P/S) scores on a 0-100 point visual analog scale.

Tocolysis for management of retained placenta.

Background: Retained placenta affects 0.5% to 3% of women following delivery, with considerable morbidity if left untreated. Use of tocolytics, either alone or in combination with uterotonics, may be of value to minimise the need for manual removal of the placenta in theatre under anaesthesia.

Cervical pessary for preventing preterm birth.

Background: Preterm delivery is a major health problem and contributes to more than 50% of the overall perinatal mortality. Cervical incompetence is one of the common causes of preterm birth to which different management strategies have been tried including cervical cerclage. Cervical cerclage is an invasive technique that needs anaesthesia and may be associated with complications.

Uterine massage to reduce postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of sustained uterine massage started before delivery of the placenta in reducing postpartum hemorrhage.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial conducted in Egypt and South Africa between September 2006 and February 2009. A total of 1964 pregnant women were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatment groups: intramuscular oxytocin, sustained uterine massage, or both treatments.

Misoprostol as an adjunct to standard uterotonics for treatment of post-partum haemorrhage: a multicentre, double-blind randomised trial.

Background: Post-partum haemorrhage is a leading cause of global maternal morbidity and mortality. Misoprostol, a prostaglandin analogue with uterotonic activity, is an attractive option for treatment because it is stable, active orally, and inexpensive. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of misoprostol as an adjunct to standard uterotonics compared with standard uterotonics alone for treatment of post-partum haemorrhage.

The effect of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on fetal and infant growth: a nested randomized controlled trial within WHO calcium supplementation trial.

Objective: To evaluate whether prenatal calcium supplementation affects fetal and infant growth during the first year of life.

Methods: Ninety-one pregnant women and 159 mothers and their infants enrolled beginning before 20 weeks gestation, and women received daily supplements containing either 1.5 g calcium or placebo.

Uterine massage for preventing postpartum haemorrhage.

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) (bleeding from the genital tract after childbirth) is a major cause of maternal mortality and disability, particularly in under-resourced areas. In these settings, poor nutrition, malaria and anaemia may aggravate the effects of PPH. In addition to the standard known strategies to prevent and treat PPH, there is a need for simple, non-expensive techniques which can be applied in low-resourced settings to prevent or treat PPH.