Long-term follow-up of living liver donors: A single-center experience.

Living donors are healthy individuals who are exposed to a major surgical procedure during which a major part of their liver is resected. Data on the long-term consequences of living liver donation are scarce. This study examined clinical, laboratory, and long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in 237 living liver donors and 239 matched controls during 48-168 months of postdonation follow-up.

Compound W-Net with Fully Accumulative Residual Connections for Liver Segmentation Using CT Images.

Computed tomography (CT) is a common modality for liver diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up process. Providing accurate liver segmentation using CT images is a crucial step towards those tasks. In this paper, we propose a stacked 2-U-Nets model with three different types of skip connections.

Detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HCV-infected patients following sustained virologic response.

It is unclear whether direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) result in the complete eradication of HCV infection or whether some quantities of the virus may persist after achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR). Aim The aim of this work was to study the possibility of the persistence of HCV RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after achieving SVR following DAA treatment. This study included 100 patients infected with HCV genotype 4, who were candidates for receiving DAAs and who achieved SVR during follow-up, as determined at 12 and/or 24 weeks following the end of treatment.

"The possible implication of endothelin in the pathology of COVID-19-induced pulmonary hypertension".

COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world dramatically since was first reported in Wuhan city, China [1]. Not only as a respiratory illness that could lead to fatal respiratory failure, but also some evidences suggest that it can propagate as a chronic disease associated with a variety of persistent post COVID-19 pathologies that affect patients' life [2,3]. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the challenging diseases that may develop as a consequence of SARS-COV-2 infection in some COVID-19 survivors [4,5].

Curcumin activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2): Prophylactic and therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Backgrounds: Modern dietary habits have been associated with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Curcumin is a natural herbal found to suppress cellular oxidative states and could be beneficial in NASH. This study investigates the effect of curcumin in an animal model of NASH.

The effects of electrical and thermal boundary condition on the simulation of radiofrequency ablation of liver cancer for tumours located near to the liver boundary.

Effects of different boundary conditions prescribed across the boundaries of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) models of liver cancer are investigated for the case where the tumour is at the liver boundary. Ground and Robin-type conditions (electrical field) and body temperature and thermal insulation (thermal field) conditions are examined. 3D models of the human liver based on publicly-available CT images of the liver are developed.

Magnesium sulfate versus esomeprazole impact on the neonates of preeclamptic rats.

Objective: Preeclampsia represents a major complication of pregnancy, associated with greater maternal and fetal complications. We compared the effects of esomeprazole (a proton pump inhibitor) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) on the deleterious effects observed on the mother and neonates in experimentally induced preeclampsia in rats.

Study Design: Preeclampsia was induced in pregnant rats with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) starting from day 10-till end of pregnancy.

Predicting portal hypertension and variceal bleeding using non-invasive measurements of metabolic variables.

Background & Aim: This study assessed the involvement of metabolic factors (anthropometric indices, insulin resistance (IR) and adipocytokines) in the prediction of portal hypertension, esophageal varices and risk of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.

Material And Methods: Two prospective and retrospective cohorts of cirrhotic patients were selected (n = 357). The first prospective cohort (n = 280) enrolled consecutively in three centers, underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, seeking evidence of esophageal varices.

Association between metabolic abnormalities and hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aim: Metabolic syndrome is recognised as a potential risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The association between metabolic factors and hepatitis C (HCV)-related HCC has not yet been well clarified. This study was conducted to elucidate the role of metabolic factors in HCV-related HCC.

Association of serum adipocytokines with insulin resistance and liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, especially genotypes 1 and 4, is associated with metabolic dysfunction. We investigated the potential role of adipocytokines in HCV-induced insulin resistance (IR) and modulating the progression of liver disease in patients with HCV-4.

Methods: Serum adiponectin, high molecular weight adiponectin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interluekin-6, homeostasis model for the assessment of insulin resistance, and M30 protein were measured in 147 HCV patients and 89 controls.

Changes in adipocytokines and insulin sensitivity during and after antiviral therapy for hepatitis C genotype 4.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, especially genotypes 1 and 4, is associated with wide metabolic disarrangements.

Aim: To assess whether host metabolic factors influence sustained virological response (SVR) in patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 (HCV-4) treated with peginterferon / ribavirin and to evaluate the impact of antiviral therapy on insulin resistance (IR) and serum levels of adipocytokines.

Methods: Changes in levels of adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) on antiviral combination in patients with HCV-4 were analyzed and effect on response was studied.

Insulin resistance impairs viral dynamics independently of ethnicity or genotypes.

Background And Aim: Data concerning the influence of insulin resistance (IR) and ethnicity on early phases of viral kinetics after initiation of peginterferon plus ribavirin in treatment-naive, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients are limited.

Methods: A total of 263 nondiabetic CHC patients treated with peginterferon plus ribavirin were enrolled for analysis from an Egyptian and Spanish center. IR was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR.

Serum lipids and chronic hepatitis C genotype 4: interaction and significance.

Background & Aim: Metabolic abnormalities are common in chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC). However, the genotypic differences of these disarrangements in patients infected with CHC genotype 4 (HCV-4) and its association with liver histology and viral loads remain unknown.

Material And Methods: We consecutively enrolled 183 HCV-4 patients and 106 healthy matched controls; to compare metabolic profiles and assess pattern of association of HCV RNA levels as well as histological factors with the serum lipid profile.

Management of hepatitis C virus genotype 4: recommendations of an international expert panel.

HCV has been classified into no fewer than six major genotypes and a series of subtypes. Each HCV genotype is unique with respect to its nucleotide sequence, geographic distribution, and response to therapy. Genotypes 1, 2, and 3 are common throughout North America and Europe.

Insulin resistance and hepatitis C: an evolving story.

Insulin resistance and diabetes are inextricably linked to chronic hepatitis C. Our understanding of this relationship continues to improve. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms relating insulin resistance to hepatitis C with a subsequent overview of the consequences of hepatitis C-associated insulin resistance and diabetes, as well as perspectives for future management.

Hepatitis C virus as a multifaceted disease: a simple and updated approach for extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection.

Hepatitis C virus infection is an emerging disease and a public health problem in the world. There are accumulating data regarding extra hepatic manifestation of HCV, such as rheumatologic manifestations, endocrine, hematologic, dermatologic, renal, neurologic, and systemic manifestations. The therapy of them needs more attention to some exacerbations of extra hepatic manifestation and in some situation it needs different approaches.

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C and B among blood donors in Egypt: Minya Governorate, 2000-2008.

It is an interesting issue to study the prevalence of hepatitis C and B viruses in Egypt in the last decade. In this study, the overall hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis C virus prevalence were 1.65% and 9.

Hepatic steatosis in genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C patients: implication for therapy.

Background And Aim: The association of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 (HCV-4) with hepatic steatosis has not been clarified. We aimed to determine the parameters associated with steatosis among HCV-4 patients and to assess the effect of steatosis on treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin.

Methods: In a prospective study; 131 nondiabetic genotype 4 CHC patients were enrolled for analysis, treated with peginterferon-α-2b/ribavirin.

Encephalitis, acute renal failure, and acute hepatitis triggered by a viral infection in an immunocompetent young adult: a case report.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus generally causes self-limited, mild and asymptomatic infections in immunocompetent patients. An aggressive course in immunocompetent healthy patients is unusual.

Case Presentation: We report the case of an immunocompetent 16-year-old Egyptian boy with encephalitis, acute renal failure, and acute hepatitis triggered by viral infection with a complete recovery following antiviral treatment.

Targeting host factors: a novel rationale for the management of hepatitis C virus.

Hepatitis C is recognized as a major threat to global public health. The current treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C is the addition of ribavirin to interferon-based therapy which has limited efficacy, poor tolerability, and significant expense. New treatment options that are more potent and less toxic are much needed.