Reusable, Noninvasive, and Sensitive Fluorescence Enhanced ZnO-Nanorod-Based Microarrays for Quantitative Detection of AFP in Human Serum.

The fabrication of sensitive protein microarrays such as PCR used in DNA microarray is challenging due to lack of signal amplification. The development of microarrays is utilized to improve the sensitivity and limitations of detection towards primal cancer detection. The sensitivity is enhanced by the use of ZnO-nanorods and is investigated as a substrate which enhance the florescent signal to diagnose the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at early stages.