Demonstration of Epstein-Barr Virus by In Situ Hybridization in Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas Developing on Background of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Aim: This study aimed to demonstrate the role of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) developing on the background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Methods: The presence of EBV in tumoral tissue, lymphocytes, and peritumoral normal thyroid tissue was investigated using the in situ hybridization method in paraffin blocks. The subtypes of PTC, tumor diameter, TNM stage, multifocality, invasion of thyroid capsule, perineural invasion, and muscular tissue invasion were identified and compared according to EBV involvement.

Comparison of Monopolar and Bipolar Stimulator Probes for Intraoperative Nerve Mapping During Thyroidectomy: A Prospective Study.

Objectives/hypothesis: During intraoperative neuromonitoring in thyroid surgery, two different kinds of stimulator probes, monopolar and bipolar, are commonly used to stimulate the laryngeal nerves. We explore the unique characteristics of both of these probes as they relate to intraoperative laryngeal nerve mapping.

Methods: Twenty-one patients undergoing neuromonitored thyroidectomy by a single surgeon were enrolled.

Influence of rocuronium on achieving optimal vagal stimulation during intraoperative nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery.

Background: In the present study we determine the feasibility of intraoperative neuromonitoring following the administration of a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent during thyroid operations, as well as the influence of rocuronium on the achievement of optimal vagal stimulation during intraoperative neuromonitoring in thyroid surgery. We further investigate whether accelerometry is a reliable approach to obtaining an ipsilateral vagus signal prior to recurrent laryngeal nerve dissection.

Methods: Included in the study were 61 thyroidectomized patients whose demographic data, indications, type of surgery, vagus, and recurrent nerve values before and after resection were obtained.

Clinical behavior and outcome of papillary T1 thyroid cancers: South Korea vs. Turkey vs. Colombia in a cohort study analyzing oncological outcomes.

Background/purpose: There has not been an international multicentric study to examine the relationship between thyroid cancer clinical outcomes and geographic location for South Korea, Colombia, and Turkey, whereas thyroid cancer is amongst the highest three cancer types seen in South Korea and Turkey. The aim of the study was to assess regional differences of T1 papillary thyroid cancer outcomes in Korea, Turkey and Colombia.

Methods: This is an observational non-randomized study.

Objective analysis of swallowing and functional voice outcomes after thyroidectomy: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Impairment in voice and swallowing functions are common after thyroidectomy. We aimed to evaluate the objective functional voice and swallowing outcomes in a series of patients undergoing thyroidectomy.

Methods: A total of 43 consenting patients who underwent thyroidectomy were prospectively recruited.

Robot-assisted endoscopic mediastinal parathyroidectomy.

Ectopic parathyroid glands can be located at any anatomical location from the base of the tongue to the mediastinum. One-third of these glands migrate deep into the mediastinum, which are not accessible with a low cervical incision. In this article, we described the robotic approach to an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid gland.

What adds Valsalva maneuver to hemostasis after Trendelenburg's positioning during thyroid surgery?

Background: Bleeding after thyroidectomy is life-threatening. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether controlling of further bleeding with Valsalva maneuver following Trendelenburg's positioning has an impact on hemostasis.

Methods: This prospective study included 68 consecutive patients undergoing thyroidectomy.

Routine calcitonin measurement in nodular thyroid disease management: is it worthwhile?

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of routine calcitonin measurement in patients with nodular thyroid disease.

Methods: Consecutive patients with nodular thyroid disease (n = 640) were studied. Serum calcitonin levels were measured under basal conditions, and when basal values were between 10-100 pg/mL, testing was repeated after pentagastrin (PG) stimulation.

Efficacy of simvastatin in reducing postoperative adhesions after thyroidectomy: an experimental study.

Background: We aimed to investigate whether simvastatin had any impact on the prevention of adhesion formation after thyroidectomy in a rat model.

Methods: This study was performed in 66 Wistar albino rats randomized into three experimental groups. A right hemithyroidectomy was carried out in all the rats.

The Role of Parafibromin, Galectin-3, HBME-1, and Ki-67 in the Differential Diagnosis of Parathyroid Tumors.

Objectives: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare parathyroid tumor compared to parathyroid adenoma (PA) and atypical parathyroid adenoma (APA). Recent studies have suggested parafibromin has a role in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid tumors. We sought to determine the role of parafibromin as well as galectin-3, Ki-67, and HBME-1 as diagnostic markers in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid tumors.

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid with axillary metastasis: a case report.

We report a case of axillary lymph node metastasis as a consequence of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in a 42-year-old man. On January 2009, the patient was referred to us for the management of right cervical lymph node enlargement. Total thyroidectomy was performed with right-sided functional neck dissection.

Should subtotal thyroidectomy be abandoned in multinodular goiter patients from endemic regions requiring surgery?

The most convenient surgical procedure for benign thyroid diseases is still controversial. The aim of this study is to determine the recurrence rate and risk factors for recurrence after different thyroidectomy procedures in multinodular goiter patients. Patients were separated into two groups according to the detection of a recurrent nodule or not after thyroidectomy.

Papillary thyroid cancer, macrofollicular variant: the follow-up and analysis of prognosis of 5 patients.

Objective. The main aim of this study was to comparatively analyze the recurrence and prognosis of this rare variant with the literature by analyzing the follow-up data of 5 patients diagnosed with papillary cancer macrofollicular variant. Methods.

How informed are endocrine surgery patients about the risks of surgery after approving an informed consent?

Objective: The aim is to evaluate if patients reach the level of competence that enables them to make the best decision for themselves with oral and written informed consent process that is legally valid.

Material And Methods: This study included 62 patients who applied to Ege University Hospital Department of General Surgery Endocrine Surgery Clinics and in whom oral and written informed consent was obtained by a surgeon. Patients who were willing to participate in the study were asked to fill in a questionnaire containing questions regarding the concept of consent.

What should be done in thyroid nodules less than two centimeters, ultrasonographically suspicious and cytologically benign?

Objective: Although fine needle aspiration biopsy has a high sensitivity in thyroid nodule assessment, ultrasonography findings should not be underestimated. With this study, we aimed to evaluate cytologically benign nodules smaller than two centimeters, where ultrasonography findings were suspicious.

Material And Methods: Thirty-one patients undergoing thyroidectomy between January 2009 and January 2013 were included in this retrospectively designed study.

The importance of staging systems for the determination of prognosis of well-differentiated thyroid cancer.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the significance of the staging systems (EORTC, De Groot, MACIS, and TNM) on the prognosis of well-differentiated thyroid cancer patients who underwent surgery in our clinics.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 181 patients who were operated between December 1995-December 2007, with a diagnosis of thyroid cancer. In order to obtain data related to cancer staging, a computer program for PDA was developed to facilitate parameter recording.

A puzzling case of phospho-soda-induced hypocalcemia in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-associated primary hyperparathyroidism.

Although rare, symptomatic hypocalcemia may develop after the administration of phospho-soda. We herein present the case of a patient with phospho-soda-induced hypocalcemia who was surprisingly diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) caused by a heterozygous mutation in the MEN1 gene (c628_631delACAG), thus resulting in a frameshift mutation (210ThrfsX224). In addition to being the first report of phospho-soda-induced hypocalcemia in a patient with MEN1-associated primary hyperparathyroidism, our report highlights the complex nature of calcium balance in the human body and helps clinicians to appreciate how confounding factors might affect the presentation of endocrine disorders.

The interaction of oxidative stress response with cytokines in the thyrotoxic rat: is there a link?

Oxidative stress is regarded as a pathogenic factor in hyperthyroidism. Our purpose was to determine the relationship between the oxidative stress and the inflammatory cytokines and to investigate how melatonin affects oxidative damage and cytokine response in thyrotoxic rats. Twenty-one rats were divided into three groups.

A multivariate analysis of objective voice changes after thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of thyroidectomy and the possible effects of factors such as patient sex, operation type, and surgeon experience on objective voice parameters of patients undergoing thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: University hospital.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid: report of three cases.

We report three cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid, which is an unusual malignant tumor that needs to be distinguished from other thyroid pathologies due to its aggressive behaviour. Three men, with an average of 63 years old, presented with progressive enlargement in the neck, hoarse voice or weight loss. Physical and radiological examinations revealed clues where malignancy was suspected and surgical resections were performed.

The recurrent laryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery--anatomical variations during surgery.

Background And Aims: Recognition of variations of the inferior laryngeal nerve is essential. We aimed to investigate the relationship of the inferior laryngeal nerve with the inferior thyroid artery.

Materials And Methods: A study was undertaken between August 2005 and August 2006.

The ongoing debate in thyroid surgery: should frozen section analysis be omitted?

Controversies concerning the role of frozen section (FS) have been a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to identify the role of FS analysis in intraoperative decision making and analyze the effect of the cost in detecting thyroid malignancies in Turkey. Out of 214 consecutive patients who had been operated on for thyroid cancer between January 1996 and August 2004, 178 patients were evaluated retrospectively.