X ray screening at entry and systematic screening for the control of tuberculosis in a highly endemic prison.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major issue in prisons of low and middle income countries where TB incidence rates are much higher in prison populations as compared with the general population. In the Rio de Janeiro (RJ) State prison system, the TB control program is limited to passive case-finding and supervised short duration treatment. The aim of this study was to measure the impact of X-ray screening at entry associated with systematic screening on the prevalence and incidence of active TB.

Pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic delays in Chad: a multicenter, hospital-based survey in Ndjamena and Moundou.

Background: Tuberculosis remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in low-resource countries. One contagious patient can infect 10 to 20 contacts in these settings. Delays in diagnosing TB therefore contribute to the spread of the disease and sustain the epidemic.

Reimbursement of malaria chemoprophylaxis for travellers from Europe to Sub-Saharan Africa: Cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the French national health insurance system.

Among Western countries, France has the highest incidence of imported malaria cases, mostly from travellers visiting Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Despite related high costs of imported malaria assumed by the public French national health insurance system (FHS), the latter does not reimburse travellers for malaria chemoprophylaxis (MC). This study aims to analyzes, from the FHS perspective, the cost-effectiveness of a 65% reimbursement of MC costs (MC 65%) for French resident travellers, under the assumption that this reimbursement would lead to increased recourse to MC.

Evidence for hepatitis E virus quasispecies.

The genetic diversity of hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been extensively analysed during the last decade. Most sporadic and epidemic HEV strains are distributed into genotypes or groups. Nevertheless, few studies have looked at the polymorphism of HEV strains isolated from a given outbreak.