Phlorotannin and its Derivatives, a Potential Antiviral Molecule from Brown Seaweeds, an Overview.

Research on seaweeds provides a continual discovery of natural bioactive compounds. The review presents new information on studies of the potential and specific antiviral action of phlorotannin and their derivatives from marine brown algae. Phlorotannin is a polyphenolic derivative and a secondary metabolite from marine brown algae which exhibits a high quality of biological properties.

Gait Characteristics Following Stroke: A Prospective Crossover Study to Compare Ankle-Foot Orthosis with Functional Electrical Stimulation.

Background: Management of foot-drop following stroke can be addressed with ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) or functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the peroneal nerve. There is limited evidence regarding the efficacy of FES as a substitute for a conventional ankle-foot orthosis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare efficacy of FES against AFO in management of foot-drop in patients following stroke.

Gender differences on ultrasound imaging of lateral abdominal muscle thickness in asymptomatic adults: a pilot study.

Objective: To describe gender and side-to-side differences in lateral abdominal wall muscle thickness at rest and during contraction in asymptomatic adults.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: Tertiary university outpatient musculoskeletal clinic.

Sublytic concentrations of the membrane attack complex of complement induce endothelial interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 through nuclear factor-kappa B activation.

Activation of the complement cascade and subsequent assembly of the membrane attack complex (MAC) occur in a number of pathophysiological settings. When formed on the surface of endothelial cells in sublytic concentrations, the MAC can induce a number of proinflammatory activities, including the secretion of soluble mediators (eg, interleukin (IL)-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1) and the up-regulation of cell surface adhesion molecules. Available data indicate that MAC-induced cell activation may occur through several complex signal transduction pathways, but little is known about the intranuclear mechanisms by which complement-derived products promote the up-regulation of inflammatory mediators.

Solid tumours of the ovary.

One hundred seventeen solid ovarian tumours, diagnosed histologically during the period between 1971 and 1990, were studied. The overall incidence of solid ovarian tumours was 23.4% of all the ovarian tumours (500 cases) studied.