A standardized protocol for robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy: improving efficiency and reducing costs.

Robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) has shown potential benefits over conventional procedures for esophageal cancer. However, uniform surgical protocols are lacking, leading to variability in outcomes and increased costs. This retrospective study included 180 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent RAMIE between May 2018 and September 2024.

Prevalence and associated factors of respiratory symptoms and illnesses among brick kiln workers in Nepal -A cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to measure the prevalence of respiratory symptoms/illnesses and evaluate their association with similar exposure groups among brick kiln workers in Nepal.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey used a modified Nepali version of the American Thoracic Society Division of Lung Diseases (ATS-DLD) questionnaire to measure the respiratory symptoms and illnesses of 390 brick kiln workers. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between respiratory symptoms and illnesses with similar exposure groups, age, duration of work, and smoking among brick kiln workers.

Clonal stochasticity in early NK cell response to mouse cytomegalovirus is generated by mature subsets of varying proliferative ability.

Natural killer (NK) cells are classically defined as innate immune cells, but experiments show that mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in C57BL/6 mice can cause NK cells to undergo antigen-specific proliferation and memory formation, similar to adaptive CD8+ T cells. One shared behavior between CD8+ T cells and NK cells is clonal expansion, where a single stimulated cell proliferates rapidly to form a diverse population of cells. For example, clones derived from single cells are most abundant during expansion when they are primarily CD27-for NK cells and CD62L-for T cells, phenotypes derived from precursor CD27+ and CD62L+ cells, respectively.

Chronic Osteomyelitis of Patella in a Child.

Osteomyelitis, an infection of bone, commonly affects long bones. Chronic osteomyelitis of patella is a rare entity, and diagnosis is often delayed. We present a case of an 11-year-old boy with chronic osteomyelitis of patella who underwent treatment at our center.

A detailed comparative in silico and functional analysis of ccd1 gene in maize gives new insights of its expression and functions.

Background: Biofortified maize with enhanced carotenoid content was developed to combat vitamin A deficiency. However, it was observed that during storage, carotenoids present in maize grain get degraded and it has been reported that carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase1 (ccd1) is responsible for this degradation.

Methods And Results: In our current study, comprehensive in-silico analysis deciphered a complete overview of the ccd1 gene in maize including the gene structures, phylogeny, chromosomal locations, promoter analysis, conserved motifs and interacting protein partners.

Complications Of Colchicine Initiation in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease.

We report a case of a 76-year-old female with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who experienced multiple adverse events following the initiation of colchicine for a gout flare. Diarrhea led to further complications, including acute renal failure, hypercalcemia, and bradycardia. The patient additionally developed the less common toxicities of myelosuppression and presumed myopathy, resulting in prolonged hospitalization with persistent functional impairment at the time of discharge.

Evaluation of knowledge and awareness of diabetes in higher secondary level students of Kaski district: A cross-sectional study.

Studies have shown that the knowledge of diabetes among adults in Nepal is poor. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge regarding diabetes in secondary level (i.e.

Work motivation and job satisfaction among local government health workers in Chitwan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The health workforce is a crucial component of the WHO Health System Framework and is vital for sustainable, high-quality service delivery. Job satisfaction and motivation are key factors influencing the retention and performance of health workers. This study aimed to assess job satisfaction and its associated factors among health workers working under the local government in the Chitwan District, focusing on sociodemographics, job characteristics and work motivation.

Severe multivessel coronary heart disease in a young woman with familial hypercholesterolemia and congenital heart disease: A case report.

The prevalence of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) ranges from 7% to 30%, but the incidence in young patients is increasing. Traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and diabetes, have an increasing prevalence in young patients and especially in young women. A 32-year-old woman presented with dyspnea and exertional chest pain.

Removal of Arsenic(V) from wastewater using calcined eggshells as a cost-effective adsorbent.

This study investigates calcined eggshells (CES) as an effective adsorbent for the remediation of As(V). Characterization of CES was performed using zeta potential analysis, FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDX. Batch studies were conducted to examine the effects of pH, adsorption kinetics, and adsorption isotherms to assess efficacy.

Factors associated with resilience among patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving hemodialysis in a teaching hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Backgrounds: Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) receiving Hemodialysis (HD) face significant psychosocial and physical challenges. Improving their resilience by integrating protective factors is important for effectively managing the difficulties associated with the disease and its treatment. This study intended to identify factors associated with resilience among patients with ESKD receiving HD.

Multifaceted role of heparin in oncology: from anticoagulation to anticancer mechanisms and clinical implications.

Heparin, traditionally known for its anticoagulant properties, has recently been identified as a potential agent in cancer therapy. Its derivatives, including low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated heparin (UFH), are being investigated for their multifaceted roles in oncology. This review focuses on the expanding exploration of heparin's anticancer effects and its possible integration into cancer treatment protocols.

Development of a zoonotic influenza distribution assessment and ranking system (ZIDAR): Technical application in Nepal to support cross-sectoral risk-based surveillance.

Zoonotic influenza poses a significant public health concern to agricultural industries, food security, wildlife conservation, and human health. Nations situated along migratory bird flyways and characterised by dense populations of livestock and humans, and low biosecurity of production animal value chains are particularly vulnerable to zoonotic influenza outbreaks. While spatial risk assessments have been used to map vulnerable areas, their applicability across multiple sectors has been so far limited.

Perceptions of clinicians on promoting oral health care in an alcohol and other drug use health care service: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Alcohol and illicit drug use is linked to a higher prevalence of oral health complications. However, substance use can lead to avoidance of dental services due to anxiety and competing health priorities. This study explores current knowledge, attitudes and practices of clinicians of an alcohol and other drug service regarding promoting oral health among their clients.

Sustained release of a novel non-fibrate PPARα agonist from microparticles for neuroprotection in murine models of age-related macular degeneration.

Prior research has demonstrated the therapeutic potential of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist fenofibrate on diabetic retinopathy. In the present study, a novel non-fibrate PPARα agonist, A190, was designed with higher potency and selectivity than fenofibrate in PPARα agonism. A190 was encapsulated in biodegradable microparticles (A190-MP) to ensure sustained drug release, with detection in the retina up to 6 months following a single intravitreal injection.

Tuning Vibrational Lifetimes by Chemical Substitution and Impact on Plasmon-Assisted Catalysis.

Recent experiments indicate that the NO stretch of 4-nitrobenzenethiol (NBT) attached to gold can be selectively excited via plasmonic excitation, catalyzing the decomposition of NBT. However, the effectiveness of catalysis is limited by intramolecular vibrational redistribution, which depletes the population of the excited NO stretch in a few picoseconds. In this study, vibrational lifetimes of the NO stretch are computed quantum mechanically for 20 substituted NBTs, including 10 chemical groups in the meta and ortho positions, attached to plasmonic nanoparticles.

Likelihood Functions for Bioassay Measurements for Development, Selection, and Calibration of Biokinetic Models.

Internal dosimetrists are concerned with the development, selection, and calibration of biokinetic models to calculate radiation doses from incorporated radionuclides. This is accomplished using measurements of radionuclides in organs, tissues, and excreta, i.e.

Plant height measurement using UAV-based aerial RGB and LiDAR images in soybean.

Phenotypic traits like plant height are crucial in assessing plant growth and physiological performance. Manual plant height measurement is labor and time-intensive, low throughput, and error-prone. Hence, aerial phenotyping using aerial imagery-based sensors combined with image processing technique is quickly emerging as a more effective alternative to estimate plant height and other morphophysiological parameters.

Targeted Delivery of TLR7 Agonists to the Tumor Microenvironment Enhances Tumor Immunity via Activation of Tumor-Resident Myeloid Cells.

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are phylogenetically conserved mediators of innate immunity that are essential for establishing adaptive immune responses against invading pathogens. TLR7 is an endosomal receptor expressed predominantly in myeloid and B cells. Activation of TLR7 induces Type I interferon and proinflammatory responses; therefore, targeting TLR7 is a promising strategy for antitumor therapy.

Effects of Sericea Lespedeza Supplementation on Steers Grazing Wild-Type Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue.

Condensed tannins (CTs) in certain leguminous forages can mitigate toxic alkaloid absorption linked to fescue toxicosis due to their high affinity towards various steroidal and protein-like alkaloids. However, their use as feed supplements remains underexplored. This study evaluated the impact of CT-rich sericea lespedeza () pellets on the post-ingestive effects of fescue toxicosis.

Regional disparity in surgical residency training and work environment between urban and regional hospitals: an additional perspective from a nationwide survey of surgical residents.

Purpose: To investigate the current status of regional disparities in surgical residency training between urban and regional hospitals.

Methods: Based on a nationwide online questionnaire survey of newly certified surgical trainees, the responding residents were divided into the following two groups according to the size of the city in which they had trained: the urban city group (UC group; population > 1 million) and the regional city group (RC group; population < 1 million. Surgical education and work environment of the two groups were compared.

Human and mouse proteomics reveals the shared pathways in Alzheimer's disease and delayed protein turnover in the amyloidome.

Murine models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms but have limitations in fully representing AD molecular complexities. Here we present the comprehensive, age-dependent brain proteome and phosphoproteome across multiple mouse models of amyloidosis. We identified shared pathways by integrating with human metadata and prioritized components by multi-omics analysis.

Canagliflozin-induced adaptive metabolism in bone.

Sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) drugs are widely used for lowering blood glucose levels independent of insulin. Beyond this, these drugs induce various metabolic changes, including weight loss and impaired bone integrity. There is a significant gap in understanding SGLT2i-induced skeletal changes, as SGLT2 is not expressed in osteoblasts or osteocytes, which use glucose to remodel the bone matrix.

Knowledge and Attitude Towards Human Papilloma Virus and Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine.

Background: Human papilloma virus is the leading cause of cervical cancer with Human papilloma virus 16 and 18 being the commonest variants. The primary prevention by vaccination against HPV is finally gaining its momentum. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude towards Human papilloma virus and Human papilloma virus vaccine and highlighted on the setback of their inadequate knowledge.

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Associated with Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.

Background: Acute kidney Injury associated with Coronavirus disease COVID-19 appeared to negatively influence clinical outcomes and is found to be associated with significant risk of death. This retrospective study aimed to describe the incidence of Acute Kidney Injury, its associations with clinical characteristics and outcomes among COVID-19 patients in Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, a tertiary infectious disease hospital in Nepal.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done where.