Surgeon's perceptions and preferences in the management of idiopathic macular hole.

Purpose: The management of idiopathic macular holes (iMH) has evolved over time with various modifications in surgical approach. The study aimed to survey the surgeons' preferences in the management of iMH in current times.

Design: Cross-sectional descriptive survey.

Volume measurement of the vitrectomised eye and its applications in practice.

Purpose: To estimate the vitreous cavity replacement volume after pars plana vitrectomy and analyze its correlation with axial length and refractive error.

Methods: Observational cross-sectional study on 103 eyes undergoing vitrectomy. Fluid-air exchange was performed using a soft-tip cannula connected to a PVC tubing, the distal end of which opened into a 10-cc syringe without the plunger.

Brolucizumab-associated intraocular inflammation in Indian patients by VRSI study group.

Context: Concerns about brolucizumab's (Pagenax®) association with intraocular inflammation (IOI) limit its use despite its cost-effectiveness and efficacy. This multicentric study analyzes IOI incidence across 21 tertiary eyecare centers in India since its introduction in October 2020.

Purpose: To determine the real-world incidence rate of IOI in Indian patients secondary to intravitreal brolucizumab across 21 tertiary eye care centers in India.

Role of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal tumors: A narrative review.

Intraocular tumors constitute a small subset of cases in ophthalmologic practice. Proper diagnosis of intraocular tumors is crucial because some pose threat to vision and life, while others may indicate underlying systemic disorders. Intraocular tumors comprise benign and malignant lesions affecting the retina, choroid, optic disc, iris, and ciliary body.

Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Management of Persistent Secondary Macular Hole with Epiretinal Proliferation.

Background: Aetiology for non-closure of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) becomes crucial in determining the method of effective mode of intervention. Association of epiretinal proliferation (ERP) along with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) have shown poorer anatomic and visual outcomes after surgical intervention. Various surgical techniques have been described in literature for treatment of persistent MH.

Creatively tiding over the crisis.

Background: A patient with a retained intraocular metallic foreign body post-trauma was taken up for vitrectomy and intraocular foreign body removal. Unfortunately, the intraocular magnet was not available at the moment on the table! How a little bit of creativity and innovative thought helped us tide over this crisis is the content of this video.

Purpose: To demonstrate magnetization of a metallic surgical instrument for temporary use in the event of unavailability of the intraocular magnet for intraocular foreign body removal.

Incidence of post vitrectomy endophthalmitis in India - A multicentric study by VRSI study Group.

Introduction: The incidence of post vitrectomy endophthalmitis (PVE) is reported to be between 0.02 and 0.84%.

Laser photocoagulation of a hypofluorescent perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex/capillary macroaneurysm.

Purpose: To report successful treatment of a hypofluorescent perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex (PEVAC)/capillary macroaneurysm.

Case Description: A 63 year old healthy gentleman had a perifoveal isolated aneurysmal lesion with white rim. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed cystoid macular edema (CME) with neurosensory detachment.

Long-term real-world outcomes in retinal vein occlusions: How close are we to the trials?

Purpose: To assess and analyze the visual outcomes of patients with retinal vein occlusions in a real-world setting with a long-term follow-up of more than 5 years.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 56 patients having retinal vein occlusions from a tertiary eye center, with a mean follow-up of 7 years was performed. Primary outcome measures were mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and final visit (≥5 years), proportion of patients having BCVA better than 20/40 and worse than 20/200, and mean number of injections.

It is time for more colors!

Retinal drawing with a color-coding system brings uniformity in representation of fundus findings so that clinician can decipher various lesions on a two-dimensional drawing. Existing color coding addresses most of the common retinal pathologies including preretinal, intraretinal, and subretinal lesions. However, with the advent of various imaging modalities there is deeper understanding of microanatomy of retina and associated pathologies.

Subhyaloid hypopyon as a diagnostic cue in syphilitic necrotizing retinitis.

Purpose: To describes one case of syphilitic necrotizing retinitis and one case of presumed syphilitic necrotizing retinitis with presence of subhyaloid hypopyon.

Case Description: We report two cases of necrotizing retinitis, which were noted to have yellow boat-shaped lesions at the inferior edge of retinitis resembling subhyaloid hypopyon. The subhyaloid location was confirmed on optical coherence tomography in one case.

Targeted laser photocoagulation of larger capillary aneurysms with rim in diabetic macular edema.

This is a retrospective series of five eyes of four cases with diabetic macular edema (DME) secondary to large capillary aneurysms. Larger capillary aneurysms were identified noninvasively based on the presence of white rim in color photograph. On optical coherence tomography (OCT), the larger capillary aneurysms were seen as vertically oval structures with heterogeneous lumen and hyperreflective margin.

Plug it, fill it and forget it!

Background: Management of posterior scleral perforation is commonly done with cryotherapy/laser or scleral patch graft depending on the size of perforation. However, for large perforations, the availability of donor sclera is always an issue. To overcome this problem, we tried using absorbable gelatin sponge to plug the perforation as an alternative.

Ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy - A retrospective study in a tertiary eye care centre in Southern India.

Introduction: Ethambutol is an antibiotic used as a first line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis and a vision threatening side effect of EMB is ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON). The aim of the study is to create awareness about the potentiality of ethambutol to cause ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy, careful monitoring of dose and patient education.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective observational study of 14 patients whose complete Anti- tubercular treatment records could be retrieved were included.

The Masquerading Retinopathy of Revesz Syndrome.

Revesz syndrome is a rare telomeropathy characterized by bone marrow failure and exudative retinopathy. We report the case of a 2-year-old male child, initially treated with bilateral laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity. He developed exudative changes in the right eye, presumed to be Coats disease.