Topiroxostat-A Safer Uricostatic Drug with Enhanced Renal Protection: A Narrative Review.

Topiroxostat, a selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor, effectively reduces serum urate levels in hyperuricemia patients with or without gout. The present narrative review aims to evaluate the existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of topiroxostat on renal function in patients with and without kidney disease. A systematic search was conducted to identify relevant studies on renal function and topiroxostat published between 2005 and 2023.

Renal transplantation in HIV-positive patients - No more a scare!

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has posed as a major global health epidemic for almost three decades. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy in 1996 and the application of prophylaxis and management of opportunistic infections, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome mortality has decreased markedly. The most aggressive HIV-related renal disease is end-stage renal disease due to HIV-associated nephropathy.

Clinical profile of geriatric acute kidney injury in a tertiary care center from south India.

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is high in the elderly, who comprise an ever-growing segment of the population. Elderly patients pose a different set of diagnostic and therapeutic challenge owing to their associated comorbidities. AKI in the elderly is associated with an increased risk of mortality, morbidity, prolonged length of stay, and progression to chronic kidney disease.

Unusual presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus is a rare distinctive subepidermal blistering disorder that can occur in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is histologically characterized by a neutrophil-predominant infiltrate in the subepidermal region with deposition of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), C3, and auto-antibodies against collagen VII. Herein, we report a case of a 13-year-old girl who presented with bullous SLE and Class III lupus nephritis, which is extremely rare at this age.

Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury: An analysis of 165 cases.

Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PRAKI) contributes to 3-7% of overall acute kidney injury (AKI) cases in Indian subcontinent. The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of PRAKI and risk factors associated with renal injury and maternal mortality. One hundred and sixty-five patients with PRAKI, seen at M.

Idiopathic erythrocytosis in IgA nephropathy.

We report a case of idiopathic erythrocytosis in a 31-year-old male who was incidentally detected to have hypertension during his preemployment checkup. Urine routine showed proteinuria and hematuria. Biochemical parameters revealed raised serum creatinine, and histological findings of the renal biopsy showed IgAN.

Tacrolimus associated localized thrombotic microangiopathy developing in early stage after renal transplantation.

Calcineurin inhibitor induced thrombotic microangiopathy is a rare but well recognized complication of a renal transplantation that occurs in 1% of the patients who are on tacrolimus immunosuppression. Among the other aetiological factors of the "de-novo" Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA), the condition especially has to be differentiated from an antibody mediated rejection, as both have different pathogenesis, therapeutic connotations and outcomes.We report a case of a middle aged female renal transplant recipient treated with tacrolimus, who developed localised thrombotic microangiopathy in the early post transplantation period.

Hospital-based descriptive study of symptomatic hyponatremia in elderly patients.

Background: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disturbance in the hospitalized elderly sick patients. There is no existing record for profiling of symptomatic hyponatremia in elderly Indian subjects.

Objectives: To study clinical features and etiology of hyponatremia in elderly hospitalized patients.

Phenylalanine hydroxylase gene mutations in phenylketonuria patients from India: identification of novel mutations that affect PAH RNA.

Analysis of seven Indian phenylketonuria families has revealed four novel mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene; two affected consensus splice sequence and the 3' UTR, respectively, while the other two were single base insertion and deletion mutations, respectively. A novel 3' splice site mutation c.168-2A>G resulted in the activation of a cryptic 3' splice site that generated a premature termination codon leading to very low levels of the mutant transcript, probably due to activation of the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway.