Sequence Analysis of Novel Lineages from Wild and Captive Macaques.

is a widespread and common opportunistic bacterium that can colonise or infect humans as well as a wide range of animals. There are a few studies of both methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) isolated from monkeys, apes, and lemurs, indicating a presence of a number of poorly or unknown lineages of the pathogen. In order to obtain insight into staphylococcal diversity, we sequenced strains from wild and captive individuals of three macaque species (, , and ) using Nanopore and Illumina technologies.

Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern from Healthy Dogs and Their Owners from Kathmandu Valley.

This cross-sectional study was designed to identify information on the frequency, antimicrobial resistance and species diversity of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) among pet dogs and humans within households. Fifty five nasal swabs each from dogs and their owners were collected. MRCoNS were identified based on gram staining, culture on mannitol salt agar, biochemical tests, and A gene amplification.

and Methicillin Resistant in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages.

is a ubiquitous pathogen and colonizer in humans and animals. There are few studies on the molecular epidemiology of in wild monkeys and apes. carriage in rhesus macaques () and Assam macaques () is a species that has not previously been sampled and lives in remote environments with limited human contact.

MRSA Strains in Nepalese Rhesus Macaques () and Their Environment.

This study looked at 227 saliva samples from Rhesus macaques () and 218 samples from the surrounding environments. From these samples, MRSA isolates were collected from Rhesus saliva samples ( = 13) and environmental samples ( = 19) near temple areas in Kathmandu, Nepal. For comparison, selected MRSA isolates ( = 5) were obtained from patients with wound infections from a Kathmandu hospital.

The emergence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in chicken meats in Nepal.

The emergence and dissemination of colistin resistance among Gram-negative bacteria is a global problem. We initiated a surveillance of colistin-resistant and -susceptible Escherichia coli in raw meats from chicken in Nepal. A total of 180 meat samples were collected; from these, 60 E.

Molecular Characterization of Colistin-Resistant Isolated from Chickens: First Report from Nepal.

Dissemination of encoding colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has created critical situation in poultry, livestock farming, and public health. In Nepal, for the first time, we initiated surveillance of colistin-resistant in broilers from seven different chicken farms. A total of 324 cloacal swabs were collected and 118 were isolated, of which 27 (22.

The human clone ST22 SCCmec IV methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from swine herds and wild primates in Nepal: is man the common source?

Swine nasal samples [n = 282] were collected from 12 randomly selected farms around Kathmandu, Nepal, from healthy animals. In addition, wild monkey (Macaca mulatta) saliva samples [n = 59] were collected near temples areas in Kathmandu using a non-invasive sampling technique. All samples were processed for MRSA using standardized selective media and conventional biochemical tests.

Detection of metallo-β-lactamases-encoding genes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in imipenem-nonsusceptible isolates and to detect MBL-encoding genes among MBLs-positive isolates.

Results: Metallo-β-lactamases production was detected in 68.6% isolates of P.

Co-existence of and genes of isolated from Nepal: antimicrobial resistance and clinical significance.

Background: Molecular analysis of carbapenem-resistant genes in , an emerging pathogen, is less commonly reported from Nepal. In this study we determined the antibiotic susceptibility profile and genetic mechanism of carbapenem resistance in clinical isolates of

Methods: were isolated from various clinical specimens and identified based on Gram staining, biochemical tests, and PCR amplification of organism specific 16S rRNA and genes. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion and E-test method.

Design and development of a prototype 25 kV, 10 A long pulse Marx modulator for high power klystron.

Research, design, and development of high average power modulators for the proposed Indian Spallation Neutron Source are in progress at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology. With this objective, a prototype of 25 kV, 10 A, 1 ms Marx modulator at repetition rate of 1 Hz has been designed and developed which serves as a proof of principle and technology assessment stage for further development of high repetition rate high voltage high average power modulators. Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) based modules of 2.