Use of the chronic illness research recruitment taxonomy to evaluate recruitment strategies in an eHealth feasibility study.

Background: Chronic illness research has many challenges making research recruitment difficult. Despite reports of facilitators and barriers to research recruitment challenges remain. The reporting of research strategies and their impact on recruitment and subsequent randomised control trials is not sufficient.

Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter in a Contemporary Cohort of Patients With Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy.

Background: Literature on the prevalence and management of atrial arrhythmias in patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy type 1 (MMD1) or myotonic muscular dystrophy type 2 (MMD2) is limited.

Objectives: This study sought to describe incidence, prevalence, and predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) in a contemporary cohort of patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy (MMD).

Methods: Associations between patient factors and incident AF/AFL were analyzed in patients with MMD referred for routine electrophysiology evaluation between January 2013 and September 2023.

Economic and equity evaluation of age restrictions on over-the-counter diet pills and muscle-building supplements.

Over-the-counter diet pills and muscle-building supplements are linked to increased eating disorder diagnoses, especially among youth. With limited regulatory oversight, minors may unknowingly consume harmful substances leading to other adverse effects. Massachusetts has proposed restricting sales to individuals under 18 years.

Outcomes of Low Barrier Hepatitis C Treatment in High Risk Populations From Primary Care.

Hepatitis C (HCV) can be treated in the primary care setting; however, most patients are referred to subspecialists. Marginalized populations may be refused treatment due to stigma or substance use. We aimed to treat HCV in these high-risk patients, and prevent a delay in time from diagnosis to the time of treatment and sustained virologic response (SVR), by utilizing a multidisciplinary treatment team in a primary care clinic.

Healthcare Resource Utilization in the Two Years Prior to Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Background: Reverse (RTSA) and anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (ATSA) are the gold standard surgical treatments for symptomatic glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA). Typically, these procedures are pursued after exhausting medical management and non-arthroplasty procedures. There is little reliable evidence focused on non-arthroplasty treatments for glenohumeral OA, although their use is widespread.

Compositional transformations can reasonably introduce phenotype-associated values into sparse features.

It was recently argued that an analysis of tumor-associated microbiome data is invalid because features that were originally very sparse (genera with mostly zero read counts) became associated with the phenotype following batch correction . Here, we examine whether such an observation should necessarily indicate issues with processing or machine learning pipelines. We show counterexamples using the centered log ratio (CLR) transformation, which is often used for analysis of compositional microbiome data .

The Impact of Media Literacy on Substance Use Behavior: Analyzing the Role of Media Consumption Behaviors as a Moderator.

Purpose: To investigate how media literacy and varied media consumption influenced substance use behavior.

Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted.

Setting: Online survey was conducted June 22-July 18, 2020, with quality checks.

Chimeric Osteocutaneous Free Flap Solution to Variation in Vascular Anatomy.

When squamous cell carcinoma necessitates mandibular resection, the resultant defect can be complex. An osteocutaneous fibula free flap is an effective reconstruction option, typically supplied by the peroneal artery for both the fibula and skin flap. In this case report, an anatomical variation was found: the skin paddle was supplied by soleus musculocutaneous perforators of the posterior tibial artery, whereas the fibula was supplied by the peroneal artery.

Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations: Vascular cognitive impairment, 7th edition practice guidelines update, 2024.

The Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations (CSPR) 7th edition includes this new module on the diagnosis and management of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) with or without neurodegenerative disease. An expert writing group and people with VCI lived experience (PWLE) reviewed current evidence. Existing recommendations were reviewed and revised, and new recommendations added.

What is the current scope of research assessing patients' and clinicians' perspectives on clozapine treatment? A comprehensive scoping review.

Objectives: Clozapine is continuously underused. The existing systematic reviews addressing barriers to clozapine prescribing primarily focus on clinical staff's attitudes and perceived barriers to prescribing. However, a preliminary literature search revealed additional literature on the subject not previously included in systematic reviews, including literature on patient perspectives.

Explanatory capacity of measures of community context for paediatric injury hospitalisations in the USA.

Objective: Community context influences children's risk for injury. We aimed to measure the explanatory capacity of two ZIP code-level measures-the Child Opportunity Index V.3.

"New Normal:" Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Syringe Service Programs Following the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Syringe services programs (SSPs) provide critical evidence-based public health services that decrease harms from drug use for people who use drugs (PWUD). Many SSPs have experienced significant and evolving COVID-19-related disruptions. We aimed to characterize the impacts of COVID-19 on SSP operations in the United States approximately two years into the pandemic.

Diagnosing and managing patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a consensus survey.

Aim: As heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) prevalence increases, it remains frequently underdiagnosed and poorly managed. Recent positive pharmacological trials have increased interest in HFpEF but challenges of diagnosis and management remain. The survey aim was to examine consensus between primary and secondary care providers regarding HFpEF diagnosis and management.

Relationship between pharmacotherapy for major depressive disorder and healthcare utilisation in British Columbia, Canada: a retrospective population-based cohort.

Objectives: To describe the population that meets the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) in British Columbia (BC), compare patterns of healthcare utilisation between those with MDD who are and are not prescribed pharmacotherapy, and assess these relationships in models that control for potential confounding variables.

Design: We used a population cross-sectional study design among a cohort of individuals living with MDD and examined the relationship between pharmacotherapy and healthcare utilisation between 2019 and 2020 using linked billing and administrative data.

Setting: This study identified individuals with MDD using a validated case definition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes in BC, Canada.

Discharge Disposition after Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 10-Year Analysis of Trends and Predictors of Nonhome Discharge (2011-2021).

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) practices are evolving under the influence of the current value-based healthcare system and bundled payment models. This study aimed to (1) evaluate national trends in discharge disposition and postoperative outcomes after THA, (2) compare discharge cohorts on episode-of-care parameters, and (3) determine predictors of nonhome discharge from 2011 to 2021.

Methods: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for THA data from 2011 to 2021.

Incident Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure, and Oncologic Outcomes in Breast Cancer Survivors.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with higher rates of incident cancer. Data are scarce regarding the association of incident CVD with oncologic outcomes after a cancer diagnosis.

Objectives: This study sought to determine whether incident myocardial infarction (MI) or heart failure (HF) in breast cancer survivors is associated with oncologic outcomes.

Provider Adherence to the 2020 US Multi-Society Task Force Guidelines for Surveillance After Colonoscopy With Polypectomy.

Background And Aims: The 2020 United States Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer guidelines for surveillance after colonoscopy with polypectomy introduced significant changes in surveillance intervals. We sought to identify rates of adherence to these new guidelines at an academic medical center.

Methods: Average-risk screening colonoscopies where 1 to 4 polyps <10 mm were removed between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021 were included.

Surgical Margins and Oncologic Outcomes Following Wedge Resection of Pulmonary Metastases in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients with Sarcoma.

Introduction: Children and young adults diagnosed with sarcoma often present with pulmonary metastases requiring wedge resection. It is important to balance the risk of pulmonary recurrence against the desire to limit resection of benign parenchyma. This study aims to determine the impact of resection margins on survival and recurrence among pediatric and young adult sarcoma patients.

Application of core functions and forms in complex health intervention research: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The ability of healthcare, community and public health systems to effectively implement and disseminate research innovations depends on contextual factors at multiple interconnected levels of influence (eg, the innovation, individual, provider/implementor, organisation and health system). Recently, there has been an increase in the development of complex interventions designed to target multiple levels, designed for or adapted to the context in which they are delivered. Two concepts from complex systems thinking have been increasingly used to operationalise such interventions-core functions (theory and evidence-driven purposes of interventions) and forms (adaptable activities that perform each core function).

Chronic viral mimicry induction following p53 loss promotes immune evasion.

Epigenetic therapies facilitate transcription of immunogenic repetitive elements that cull cancer cells through 'viral mimicry' responses. Paradoxically, cancer-initiating events also facilitate transcription of repetitive elements. Contributions of repetitive element transcription towards cancer initiation, and the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade lethal viral mimicry responses during tumor initiation remain poorly understood.

The Meaning of Friendships in the Mental Health Recovery of Young Adults-A Thematic Analysis.

Friendships are vital for the well-being of young adults, yet their social network is often reduced during episodes of life-disruptive mental distress, such as psychosis. Despite this, our study shows that young adults do either maintain or build friendships during such periods and that these relationships are crucial for recovery in youth. As research on the role of friendships in the recovery journey of this group is limited, this study explores the significance of friendships for young adults engaged in early psychosis interventions to generate insights that can inform mental health recovery practices.

No Bridge between Us: EXAFS and Computations Confirm Two Distant Iron Ions Comprise the Active Site of Alkane Monooxygenase (AlkB).

Alkane monooxygenase (AlkB) is the dominant enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of liquid alkanes in the environment. Two recent structural models derived from cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) reveal an unusual active site: a histidine-rich center that binds two iron ions without a bridging ligand. To ensure that potential photoreduction and radiation damage are not responsible for the absence of a bridging ligand in the cryo-EM structures, spectroscopic methods are needed.

Expert Roundtable on Skin Care Integration After Aesthetic Procedures: Consensus Recommendations.

Currently, available technologies and procedures enable aesthetic dermatologists to provide their patients with beneficial treatment outcomes for a wide variety of skin conditions. These treatments range from laser resurfacing and radiofrequency procedures to chemical peels and microneedling. The concept of integrated skincare is based on the application of adjunct therapies before, during, or after cosmetic medical procedures to promote healing, minimize discomfort, shorten down-time, and enhance overall aesthetic outcomes.

Ecological Momentary Assessment for Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa and Their Parents/Caregivers in Family-Based Treatment.

Introduction: Studies have shown that early weight gain in family-based treatment (FBT) predicts treatment response in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN); however, research examining factors associated with early weight gain in FBT is limited. This study tested the feasibility and acceptability of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in early FBT, particularly to capture momentary data on family climate during mealtimes.

Methods: Using multiple methods, quantitative (EMA) and qualitative (interviews) data were collected in the first 4 weeks of FBT.

The impact of common and rare genetic variants on bradyarrhythmia development.

To broaden our understanding of bradyarrhythmias and conduction disease, we performed common variant genome-wide association analyses in up to 1.3 million individuals and rare variant burden testing in 460,000 individuals for sinus node dysfunction (SND), distal conduction disease (DCD) and pacemaker (PM) implantation. We identified 13, 31 and 21 common variant loci for SND, DCD and PM, respectively.