Anti-arthritic Effects of Undifferentiated and Chondrogenic Differentiated MSCs in MIA-induced Osteoarthritis in Wistar Rats: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Immune Modulation.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that can affect the many tissues of the joint. There are no officially recognized disease-modifying therapies for clinical use at this time probably due to a lack of complete comprehension of the pathogenesis of the disease. In recent years, emerging regenerative therapy and treatments with stem cells both undifferentiated and differentiated cells have gained much attention as they can efficiently promote tissue repair and regeneration.

Impacts of mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid on inflammatory indicators and antioxidant defense in experimental ankle osteoarthritis.

Background: No effective treatment guarantees full recovery from osteoarthritis (OA), and few therapies have disadvantages.

Aim: To determine if bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) treat ankle OA in Wistar rats.

Methods: BMMSCs were characterized using flow cytometry with detection of surface markers [cluster of differentiation 90 (CD90), CD105, CD34, and CD45].

Role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in reducing neurotoxicity and depression-like behaviors induced by doxorubicin in rats.

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum antitumor drug while its use is limited nowadays due to its neurobiological side effects associated with depression. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) derived exosomes are a promising regenerative therapy. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potentiality of BM-MSCs derived exosomes against the neurotoxicity induced by DOX.

Ameliorative effects of undifferentiated and differentiated BM-MSCs in MIA-induced osteoarthritic Wistar rats: roles of NF-κB and MMPs signaling pathways.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint condition that is persistent. OA affects millions of people throughout the world. Both people and society are heavily economically burdened by osteoarthritis.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat-1 (CRISPR-1) Locus as a Tool for Tracing the Zoonotic History of Salmonella enterica Strains.

Background is a significant foodborne pathogen that causes considerable illness and death in humans and animals. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system in bacteria acts as an adaptive immune defense against invasive genetic elements by incorporating short intergenic spacers (IGSs) into CRISPR loci. These loci serve as molecular records of past interactions with phages and plasmids, providing insights into the transmission and evolution of bacterial strains across different hosts.

Saudi Health System and Health Security Structure: A Scope Review Study Addressing the National Need for Governing the Health Security.

Health security has gained significant attention at the national and global levels, "security" is not a simple term; instead, it is "essentially contested" - that is, it induces debates about what it means and how to use it. This study aimed to define three terms frequently used in health security discussions. These terms are national health security, Global Health Security, and public health.

The association between blood groups, Rhesus factors, body mass index and obesity among pregnant women at Gadarif Maternity Hospital, Eastern Sudan.

Background: The existing evidence regarding the link between blood groups and obesity remains inconclusive, and there is a noticeable lack of data on the potential association between blood groups and obesity during pregnancy. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the association between blood groups, body mass index (BMI), and obesity among pregnant women receiving care at Gadarif Maternity Hospital in eastern Sudan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern Sudan during the period from April to September 2022.

Opioid and Methadone Use for Infants With Surgically Treated Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Importance: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) requiring surgical intervention is the most common reason for surgical procedures in preterm neonates. Opioids are used to manage postoperative pain, with some infants requiring methadone to treat physiologic opioid dependence or wean from nonmethadone opioid treatment during recovery.

Objective: To describe postoperative opioid use and methadone treatment for infants with surgically treated NEC and evaluate postoperative outcomes.

Gabapentin is Associated With Decreased Postoperative Opioid Use and Length of Stay After Appendectomy in Children With Perforated Appendicitis: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background: Gabapentin is increasingly used as an off-label, opioid-sparing pain medication in children. We investigated perioperative gabapentin administration and postoperative opioid use in children who underwent appendectomy for perforated appendicitis.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of healthy children ages 2-18 years undergoing appendectomy for perforated appendicitis from 2014 to 2019 was performed using the Pediatric Health Information System®.

Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and dehydroepiandrosterone levels and cervical length of Egyptian women with a history of recurrent miscarriages, polycystic ovary syndrome and without the conditions at three stages of pregnancy.

Total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels, and cervical length (CL) were investigated in pregnant Egyptian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS,  = 38), history of miscarriages (RM,  = 40) and without the conditions (HC,  = 40). At week 8, the RM had lower levels of TT ( 0.000) and free androgen index (FAI) ( = 0.

Rib spur causing a hemothorax, pneumothorax, and diaphragmatic injury in a pediatric patient.

Pleural effusion is a relatively common condition encountered in the pediatric emergency department. Evaluation of pleural effusion in the emergency department typically includes advanced imaging such as computer tomography or ultrasound, as well as diagnostic thoracocentesis. We report a case of a 10-year-old female with a rib spur at the anterolateral left sixth rib that caused a hemothorax, pneumothorax, and diaphragmatic injury.

Tunable Polymeric Mixed Micellar Nanoassemblies of Lutrol F127/Gelucire 44/14 for Oral Delivery of Praziquantel: A Promising Nanovector against in Experimentally-Infected Rats.

Hymenolepiasis represents a parasitic infection of common prevalence in pediatrics with intimidating impacts, particularly amongst immunocompromised patients. The present work aimed to snowball the curative outcomes of the current mainstay of hymenolepiasis chemotherapy, praziquantel (PRZ), through assembly of polymeric mixed micelles (PMMs). Such innovative nano-cargo could consolidate PRZ hydrosolubility, extend its circulation time and eventually upraise its bioavailability, thus accomplishing a nanoparadigm for hymenolepiasis tackling at lower dose levels.

Sustaining the gains: Reducing unnecessary computed tomography scans in pediatric trauma patients.

Background/purpose: "Pan-scanning" pediatric blunt trauma patients leads to exposure to harmful radiation and increased healthcare costs without improving outcomes. We aimed to reduce computed tomography (CT) scans that are not indicated (NI) by imaging guidelines for injured children.

Methods: In July 2017, our Pediatric Trauma Center prospectively implemented validated imaging guidelines to direct CT imaging for trauma activations and consultations for children younger than 16 years old with blunt traumatic injuries.

Bifocal pineal and suprasellar germinomas with posterior fossa metastases in an adolescent patient.

Central nervous system germ cell tumors are rare lesions that are more frequently seen in the pediatric age group. Intracranial germinomas are a type of these germ cell tumors and commonly arise in the pineal region, suprasellar region, or less frequently at both areas (bifocal). Common features of this tumor depend on the location of the lesion(s) and include Parinaud's syndrome, obstructive hydrocephalus, diabetes insipidus, panhypopituitarism, strabismus, and visual acuity defects.

Bootstrapping a powerful mixed portmanteau test for time series.

A new portmanteau test statistic is proposed for detecting nonlinearity in time series data. The new portmanteau statistic is calculated from the log of the determinant of a matrix comprised of the autocorrelations and cross-correlations of the residuals and squared residuals of a fitted time series. The asymptotic distribution of the proposed test statistic is derived as a linear combination of chi-square distributed random variables and can be approximated by a gamma distribution.

Hemorrhagic stroke: Uncommon complication of diabetic ketoacidosis in pediatric patients.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a well-known complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic ketoacidosis predisposes patients into devastating neurological complications. The most common neurologic complication is cerebral edema.

Dual Trigger with Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonist and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin of Fresh Autologous Cycles in High Responders: A Systematic Review.

Background: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of co-administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) trigger (dual trigger) in high responders for fresh autologous cycles in order to investigate the pregnancy outcomes and rates of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in comparison to GnRH-a trigger alone.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE from inception through February 2020. The included materials were case-control, cohort and, cross-sectional studies as well as clinical trials in which the outcomes of dual trigger with GnRH-a were compared for final oocyte maturation in high responders undergoing GnRH-ant cycles.

Ovulation induction techniques in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Anovulation is very common and has several different clinical manifestations, including amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding. Various mechanisms can cause anovulation. The clinical consequences and commonest chronic anovulatory disorder, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), has a prevalence that ranges between 6 to 10% of the global population.

Atypical and uncommon presentation of sarcoidosis with long segment involvement of the pharynx and larynx: Case report and review of literature.

Pharynx/Larynx is an uncommon site of involvement of sarcoidosis. Isolated pharyngo-laryngeal sarcoidosis is extremely rare as most of the cases are part from multiorgan and systemic sarcoidosis. Pharyngo-laryngeal sarcoidosis is usually asymptomatic which could be attributed to its rare incidence as many cases pass unnoticed.

A Case of Cytomegalovirus Colitis in an Immunocompetent COVID-19 Patient.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the herpesvirus family. In the immunocompetent host, CMV infection is usually mild and goes unnoticed. Patients become prone to CMV infection as a result of immunosuppressive drugs or disorders that weaken cellular immunity.

The modulatory effect of carvacrol on viral shedding titer and acute phase response in broiler chickens experimentally infected with infectious bronchitis virus.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is one of the major respiratory diseases of broiler causing huge economic losses. The inability to control IBV using different vaccination programs owing to the high mutation rate and recombination ability of the RNA genome generates IBV variants. This study was designed to give a specific perspective of carvacrol effect on early immune response, viral shedding titer, oxidative stress, serum biochemical parameters and clinical consequences in broilers experimentally infected by IBV.