Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been linked to cognitive impairment and dementia, but its impact on brain cortical structures in individuals prior to or without cognitive impairment remains unclear.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of 2,331 entries investigating cerebral cortical thickness changes in T2D individuals without cognitive impairment, 55 of which met our inclusion criteria.
Results: Most studies (45/55) reported cortical brain atrophy and reduced thickness in the anterior cingulate, temporal, and frontal lobes between T2D and otherwise cognitively healthy controls.