Mucosal melanoma of hard palate.

Melanoma arising in the hard palate is an exceedingly rare entity, comprising a minute fraction of all melanoma cases. The absence of specific clinical signs often leads to delayed diagnosis and subsequent challenges in treatment planning. We discussed the existing literature to elucidate the epidemiology, risk factors, and molecular pathways associated with melanoma of the hard palate.

High Risk Pregnancy and its Outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: High-risk pregnancy is defined as one which is complicated by factors or factors that adversely affect the pregnancy outcome (maternal, perinatal or both). Early detection and effectivemanagement of high risk pregnancy helps in achieving favorable maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to find the prevalence of high risk pregnancy and its outcome among pregnant women admitted for delivery in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care hospital Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital among high risk pregnant women admitted for delivery using structured proforma, from April 2023 to September 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee.

Effect of the irregular shelterwood system on soil organic carbon stock and soil quality of Gaertn. f. forest in Nepal.

The effective management of forests relies on the crucial role played bysilvicultural systems. However there exist a significant knowledge gap regarding impact of these systems in Nepalese forests. Therefore, this research was conducted to assess the effects of the forest management activities under irregular shelterwood system on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and the overall soil quality of Sal ( Gaertn.

Entomological assessment in 'hotspots' of four lymphatic filariasis endemic districts, Central Nepal during post-MDA surveillance.

Background Objectives: Annual mass drug administration (MDA) is the main strategy to interrupt the transmission of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in the community. The main aim of monitoring the MDA program, for its effectiveness and interruption of LF is the post-MDA surveillance using antigen survey in children born after MDA. The latest technique of new research suggests that xenomonitoring is an effective tool for monitoring LF intervention.

Factors associated with bypassing primary healthcare facilities for childbirth among women in Devchuli municipality of Nepal.

Background: It is crucial to deliver a child at nearby primary healthcare facilities to prevent subsequent maternal or neonatal complications. In low-resource settings, such as Nepal, it is customary to forgo the neighboring primary healthcare facilities for child delivery. Reports are scanty about the extent and reasons for bypassing local health centers in Nepal.

Knowledge and Perception Regarding Medication Error Among Nurses.

Background: Patient safety is the major concern in providing quality care. Medication errors have been identified as the most common type of preventable errors. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perception regarding medication error among nurses.

Assessment of microfilaremia in 'hotspots' of four lymphatic filariasis endemic districts of Nepal during post-MDA surveillance.

Background: The lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination program in all sixty-three endemic districts of Nepal was based on annual mass drug administration (MDA) using a combination of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole for at least 5 years. The MDA program was started in the Parsa district of the Terai region and at least six rounds of MDA were completed between 2003 and 2017 in all filariasis endemic districts of Central Nepal. Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) report indicated that circulating filarial antigen (CFA) prevalence was below the critical value i.

Sexual Intercourse during Pregnancy among Postpartum Women Admitted to the Department of Obstetrics in a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Pregnancy is a time when women's bodies and minds go through a lot of changes. Sexuality is an important part of a woman's health and well-being, and it often changes during pregnancy. Most women admit that their libido changes in some way during pregnancy.

Effectiveness of Focused Obstetric Ultrasound Training to Nurses from Remote Health Posts to Improve Pregnancy Outcome and Reduce Morbidity.

Background: A rural ultrasound program was started in Nepal in order to detect complicated pregnancies early in health post where radiologists are not available to provide their services. The study aims to investigate whether focused obstetric ultrasound trained nurses were capable of detecting high risk pregnancy at an early stage in their health post and refer them to higher centre timely so that they are taken care properly.

Methods: The study site for research were health posts and hospitals where the rural ultrasound program had been conducted in districts of Sudurpashchim province.

A rare case of morbidly adherent placenta in a young Primigravida with RH negative pregnancy managed with peripartum subtotal hysterectomy.

Introduction And Importance: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) can be defined as excessive bleeding (>500 ml) from the genital tract after the delivery of baby upto 6 weeks. PPH accounts for major cause of maternal mortality rate. Prevention and early intervention can prevent this complication of delivery.

An Observational Study of the Implementation of the Tobacco-Free Film and Television Policy in India.

Background: Positive portrayals of tobacco use in entertainment media can normalize and perpetuate use. In 2012, the Government of India implemented the Tobacco-Free Film and Television Rules, a first-of-its-kind comprehensive regulation to restrict tobacco depiction in films and television programs. Two complementary studies were undertaken to assess the implementation of the film rules on television and in movie theaters.

Assessment of antigenemia among children in four hotspots of filarial endemic districts of Nepal during post-MDA surveillance.

Background: Sixty-three out of 77 districts reported lymphatic filariasis (LF) endemic in Nepal. Mass drug administration (MDA) with diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole (ALB) treatment program was continued for 6 to 11 rounds in these districts. Nepal government has stopped the MDA program based on the transmission assessment survey (TAS) report of 2014 and 2018 indicating Wuchereria bancrofti antigenemia prevalence < 2%.

Effectiveness of different combinations of urea and vermicompost on yield of bitter gourd ().

Exclusive use of organic manure in bitter gourd cultivation slows nutrient release, affecting root growth, while inefficient application of fertilizers during transplanting and development stages leads to nutrient losses and increased production costs. The research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different combinations of urea and vermicompost in bitter gourd production and address the challenges associated with the use of only organic manure. The field experiment conducted in Tulsipur, Dang, utilized a six-treatment randomized complete block design with four replications.

Osteosarcoma Originating From a Malignant Phyllodes Tumor: A Case Report of a Rare Malignancy.

Fibroepithelial tumors are common in the breast; however, the frequency of malignancy is much less as compared to the epithelial counterpart. Malignant phyllodes are infrequent, and the proportion undergoing heterologous differentiation is very rare. Extensive sampling and astute examination are of utmost importance so as not to miss this lesion.

Premenstrual Syndrome among Medical Students of a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome is the premenstrual disorder with wide range of prevalence world-wide leading to higher rates of work absences, higher medical expenses, and lower health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome among medical students of a medical college.

Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in a medical college among medical students using self-reported questionnaires based on American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists criteria for premenstrual syndrome, and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey for quality of life, from 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2022 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 207807955).

Analysis of smiling photograph; Operation US-Bangla Air Crash.

Human identification may be difficult when there is no antemortem data available. A photograph of the deceased may be valuable in such cases. Digital advancement and inclusion in the lives of ordinary people makes it easier to retrieve clear, high-resolution photos from social media accounts and other places.

Early Results of Type I Tympanoplasty in Underprivileged Nepalese Children and Factors Influencing the Surgical Outcomes.

 Type I Tympanoplasty is a common ear surgery performed in Nepalese children, but no studies have been published about the success rate of the procedure and the factors affecting surgical outcomes.  To find out the surgical outcome of type I tympanoplasty and to evaluate the factors affecting the success of the surgery in Nepalese children.  This is a retrospective study conducted by analyzing the medical records of a five-year period.

A dental perspective on the successes and limitations of the disaster victim identification response to the Nepal earthquake.

This article describes the forensic odontological analysis of the events of the 2015 Nepal earthquake. It identifies the problems encountered in the aftermath, lessons learned, and prospective future advances aimed at reducing the subjectivity in disaster victim identification (DVI). During a crisis, dental practitioners, particularly forensic odontologists, can make a substantial contribution to DVI, as highlighted in this article.

The Drosophila BEAF insulator protein interacts with the polybromo subunit of the PBAP chromatin remodeling complex.

The Drosophila Boundary Element-Associated Factor of 32 kDa (BEAF) binds in promoter regions of a few thousand mostly housekeeping genes. BEAF is implicated in both chromatin domain boundary activity and promoter function, although molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that BEAF physically interacts with the polybromo subunit (Pbro) of PBAP, a SWI/SNF-class chromatin remodeling complex.

How the "Are We Drinking Ourselves Sick?" Communication Campaign Built Support for Policy Action on Sugary Drinks in Jamaica.

Background: This study assesses the effectiveness of a campaign “Are We Drinking Ourselves Sick?” that ran nationally in Jamaica in four phases from 2017 to 2019 to increase knowledge about the harms of sugary drinks, shift attitudes, and build support for policy actions to address sugary drink consumption, including a tax and a ban in schools. Methods: Campaign impact was measured in representative cross-sectional household surveys of adults ages 18 to 55. A baseline survey was conducted before the launch of the campaign (n = 1430).

Psychosocial determinants of adherence to public health and social measures (PHSMs) in 18 African Union Member States during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: results of a cross-sectional survey.

Objective: The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of the psychosocial and sociodemographic factors that affected adherence to COVID-19 public health and social measures (PHSMs), and to identify the factors that most strongly related to whether citizens followed public health guidance.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting And Participants: Nationally representative telephone surveys were conducted from 4-17 August 2020 in 18 African Union Member States.

Minimum risk of intestinal parasitic infection to the visitors of Ghandruk, Kaski, Nepal: a pilot survey.

Ghandruk is one of the famous destinations of both international and domestic tourists situated in Kaski, Nepal. Travel-related diseases are an important aspect that one should consider before making a travel plan. Among diseases, zoonotically important ones make serious worries among visitors.

First glanders cases detected in Nepal underscore the need for surveillance and border controls.

Background: Glanders is a transmissible zoonotic disease caused by Burkholderia mallei that infects equids and humans. No glanders cases in equids were reported so far in Nepal.

Case Presentation: Following suspected glanders in animals with clinical signs in different regions in Nepal, serum samples were tested by CFT, ELISA and Luminex® tests.