Exploring the Influence of BMI on Gait Metrics: A Comprehensive Analysis of Spatiotemporal Parameters and Stability Indicators.

Background: Gait analysis is a vital tool for evaluating overall health and predicting outcomes such as mortality and cognitive decline. This study explores how normal and obese BMI categories impact gait dynamics, addressing gaps in understanding the effect of body composition on specific gait parameters.

Research Question: The primary objective is to investigate differences in spatiotemporal gait parameters-specifically, gait speed, step length, cadence, and double support time-between normal and obese BMI groups to understand the effects of obesity on gait.

Are We Resecting Too Much Colon in Perforated Diverticulitis?

Initially, the Hartmann's procedure was done to reduce mortality in surgery cases of malignant rectal lesions, and not benign disease. However, the procedure was popularized in the management of perforated diverticular disease (PDD) in the 1970s. Herein, we present a case of a patient who had laparotomy and colostomy for PDD.

The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine Position Statement on the Management of Sepsis in Resource-limited Settings.

Unlabelled: Sepsis poses a significant global health challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Several aspects of sepsis management recommended in international guidelines are often difficult or impossible to implement in resource-limited settings (RLS) due to issues related to cost, infrastructure, or lack of trained healthcare workers. The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM) drafted a position statement for the management of sepsis in RLS focusing on India, facilitated by a task force of 18 intensivists using a Delphi process, to achieve consensus on various aspects of sepsis management which are challenging to implement in RLS.

Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Qualitative Inquiry among Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practitioners in South Africa.

Background:  Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex reproductive endocrinopathy affecting 4-20% of females of reproductive age. PCOS and its consequent complications such as infertility, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease significantly impact clinical management. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), including homeopathy, is gaining recognition in PCOS management.

Patients With Atypical Chest Pain: Epidemiology and Reported Consequences.

Background: Approximately a quarter of the global population experiences chest pain during their lifetime worldwide. Although largely non-life-threatening, many patients experience mental, physical, social, and financial consequences.

Aim: This study aimed to describe and determine the epidemiology and consequences of patients presenting with atypical chest pain (ACP).

The subjective and objective quality of life score (SOQOLTM) for the quantification of general health status: a preliminary study with initial normative population values.

Background: Established health-related quality of life scores do not consider both subjective and objective indices of health. We propose the subjective and objective quality of life score (SOQOL) for the comprehensive assessment of health-related quality of life and aim to provide normative population data. The SOQOL is compatible with smartphone applications, allowing widespread use on a global scale.

Unveiling the Rare Complication: Statin-Induced Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy.

BACKGROUND Statin-induced necrotizing autoimmune myopathy is an exceptionally rare yet severe complication of statin therapy that may develop in individuals at any time during their exposure to statins. The development of proximal muscle weakness, muscle pain, and elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels in patients while taking statins should prompt clinical consideration of statin-induced myopathy. The pathophysiology arises from the production of auto-antibodies, which target the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) enzyme, leading to the aggressive breakdown of myofibrils.

Continuous data capture of gait and mobility metrics using wearable devices for postoperative monitoring in common elective orthopaedic procedures of the hip, knee, and spine: a scoping review.

Background: Surgical procedures involving the hip, knee, or spine represent a majority of orthopaedic procedures performed electively in the health care system. Postoperative care is a key aspect of surgery and mobilisation without injury is the primary objective. Recent advances in wearable technologies allow objective evaluation of walking metrics to inform and guide postoperative care following orthopaedic surgery.

Head and neck continued: a retrospective analysis of neck dissections from a New Zealand oral and maxillofacial surgery unit.

Aims: The aim of this study is to analyse the demographics, diagnosis, nodal yield, metastatic rates and outcomes of patients undergoing neck dissections within the Waikato Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) Department.

Methods: All patients that underwent neck dissections under the care of OMS at Waikato Hospital between January 2016 and December 2021 were included. Data on patient demographics, diagnosis, surgery details, nodal yields, histological results and clinical outcome were collected retrospectively for analysis.

Emerging technologies' role in reducing under-five mortality in a low-resource setting: Challenges and perceived opportunities by public health workers in Makonde District, Zimbabwe.

Under-five mortality (U5M) remains a global challenge, with Sub-Saharan Africa being the hardest hit. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has strained healthcare systems, threatening to reverse current gains in U5M health outcomes. It threatened progress made towards achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 due to its strain on healthcare systems, resource reassignment and its prioritisation by health authorities globally.

Combining Virtual Surgical Planning and Patient-Specific 3D-Printing as a Solution to Complex Spinal Revision Surgery.

With the advent of three-dimensional printing, rapid growth in the field and application in spinal and orthopedic surgery has been seen. This technology is now being applied in creating patient-specific implants, as it offers benefits over the generic alternative, with growing literature supporting this. This report details a unique application of virtual surgical planning and manufacture of a personalized implant in a case of cervical disc replacement failure with severe osteolysis and resultant hypermobility.

Exceptional Response of Rare Plasmacytoid Variant Prostate Cancer Post 177Lu-PSMA Therapy Seen on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT.

Plasmacytoid is a rare variant of acinar prostatic adenocarcinoma. The aggressive type is characterized by an aggressive clinical course, lack of responsiveness to hormonal therapies, and an overall poor prognosis. Here we present pretherapy and posttherapy 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT images showing an exceptional response to 177Lu-PSMA therapy.

Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke.

Background: Large territory middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischaemic strokes account for around 10% of all ischaemic strokes and have a particularly devastating prognosis when associated with malignant oedema. Progressive cerebral oedema starts developing in the first 24 to 48 hours of stroke ictus with an associated rise in intracranial pressure. The rise in intracranial pressure may eventually overwhelm compensatory mechanisms leading to a cascading secondary damage to surrounding unaffected parenchyma.

Proposed objective scoring algorithm for clinical evaluation of walking asymmetry in lumbar disc herniation, based on relevant gait metrics from wearable devices: The Gait Symmetry Index (GSiTM) - Observational study.

•The proposed GSi algorithm aims to objectively evaluate the walking impairment associated with lumbar disc herniation (LDH).•GSi is calculated as deviation from mean (age-matched) normative values for gait velocity, step time asymmetry and step length asymmetry.•Clinical performance was assessed in a prospective, single surgeon series of 33 lumbar disc herniation (LDH) patients.

Benefit of 5 years of enzyme replacement therapy in advanced late onset Pompe. A case report of misdiagnosis for three decades with acute respiratory failure at presentation.

We report on a 57 year old female patient who presented in acute respiratory failure with severe generalized weakness. She was previously misdiagnosed for over three decades as polymyositis. She was treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for over five years, after being diagnosed with late onset Pompe Disease (LOPD).

The concept of recovery kinetics: an observational study of continuous post-operative monitoring in spine surgery.

Background: The spine surgeon's understanding of an individual patient's burden of disease and functional disability in daily life is shaped by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Although PROMs are useful in understanding the patient's perception of their disease, the use of PROMs constitutes a "snapshot" approach of single timepoint data capture, omitting day-to-day fluctuations in functional status. We introduce the concept of kinetics when considering continuous and objective postoperative patient monitoring with wearable sensors.

Tumefactive multiple sclerosis versus high grade glioma: A diagnostic dilemma.

Background: Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDL) share similar clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics with high grade glioma (HGG). This study develops an approach to navigating this diagnostic dilemma, with significant treatment implications as the management of both entities is drastically different.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 41 TDLs and 91 HGG with respect to demographics, presentation and classical MRI characteristics was performed.

Two-year continuous data capture using a wearable sensor to remotely monitor the surgical spine patient: a case report.

We report the case of a 46-year-old male with long-standing low back pain who presented with a deterioration of symptoms characterised by back and right leg pain corresponding to the L4 and L5 dermatomes. An MRI scan revealed severe central and lateral recess stenosis at L4/5 secondary to a large central disc protrusion. We remotely monitored activity and general health metrics over a time-period exceeding two years.

Tracking the disease progression of lumbar spinal stenosis using objective gait metrics: a case report.

We present the case of an 85-year-old woman who presented to our clinic with neurogenic claudication due to lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) over a period of two years. During this time a series of walking metrics were monitored including daily step count, walking speed, and step length. All metrics showed a deterioration over time and objectively document the disease progression of LSS (initial: walking speed =1.

Validation of a novel range of motion assessment tool for the cervical spine: the HALO digital goniometer.

Background: Cervical spine range of motion (ROM) assessment has long been carried out via use of the universal goniometer (UG) as an objective tool in the evaluation of patient rehabilitation pre- and post-operatively. The advent of novel ROM assessment technology, such as HALO digital goniometer (DG), presents an avenue for research and potential application within clinical and surgical settings. The objective of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the HALO DG in the assessment of the active ROM of the cervical spine.

Analysing gait patterns in degenerative lumbar spine diseases: a literature review.

Objectives: To collate the current state of knowledge and explore differences in the spatiotemporal gait patterns of degenerative lumbar spine diseases: lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and low back pain (LBP).

Background: LBP is common presenting complaint with degenerative lumbar spine disease being a common cause. In particular, the gait patterns of LSS, LDH and mechanical-type (facetogenic and discogenic) LBP is not established.

Analysing Gait Patterns in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease Using Inertial Wearable Sensors: An Observational Study.

Objective: Using a chest-based inertial wearable sensor, we examined the quantitative gait patterns associated with lumbar disc herniation (LDH), lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), and chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP). 'Pathological gait signatures' were reported as statistically significant group difference (%) from the 'normative' gait values of an age-matched control population.

Methods: A sample of patients presenting to the Prince of Wales Private Hospital (Sydney, Australia) with primary diagnoses of LDH, LSS, or CMLBP were recruited.

Walking orientation randomness metric (WORM) score: pilot study of a novel gait parameter to assess walking stability and discriminate fallers from non-fallers using wearable sensors.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders can contribute to injurious falls and incur significant societal and healthcare burdens. Identification of fallers from non-fallers through wearable-based gait analysis can facilitate timely intervention to assist mobility and prevent falls whilst improving care and attention for high fall-risk patients. In this study, we use wearable sensor-based gait analysis to introduce a novel variable to assess walking stability in fallers and non-fallers - the Walking Orientation Randomness Metric.