Longitudinal Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Three Different Hyperphosphatemia Management Groups of Stage III and IV Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has emerged as an important outcome measure inpatients with CKD. The lack of prospective studies on HRQoL and its relation with hyperphosphatemia control measures among pre-dialysis patients necessitated the need for this study.

Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-labelled studythat was conducted for one year on 120 CKD stages III and IV patients divided equally into three groups: Group 1, in which patients under went dietary phosphorus modification; Group 2, in which they were administered calcium-based phosphate binders; and Group 3, in which they were administered non-calcium-based phosphate binders.

Exploring the Feasibility and Usability of Smartphones for Monitoring Physical Activity in Orthopedic Patients: Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Smartphones are often equipped with inertial sensors that measure individuals' physical activity (PA). However, their role in remote monitoring of the patients' PAs in telemedicine needs to be adequately explored.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the correlation between a participant's actual daily step counts and the daily step counts reported by their smartphone.

Acute Kidney Injury Following Ingestion of Raw Fish Gallbladder of Indian Crap (): Thirty Case Series During 1975-2018.

Introduction: Ayurveda describes using desiccated and well-processed gallbladder of Indian carp () as a traditional remedy for some diseases. People consume it irrationally following the hearsay advice for all types of chronic diseases.

Methods: Here we report 30 sporadic cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) following ingestion of raw gallbladder of Indian carp during 1975-2018 (44 years).

An Unusual Case of High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Masquerading as Acute Pyelonephritis with Acute Kidney Injury.

Renal involvement in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has myriad of morphological features. We discuss an unusual case who presented as acute pyelonephritis (leucocytosis and acute kidney injury), ovarian mass and compressive myelopathy finally diagnosed as Non Hodgkins Lymphoma.

Longitudinal Study to Find the Association of Serum Phosphorus Level with FGF23 in Three Different Hyperphosphatemia Management Groups of Stage 3 and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients.

Background: There is paucity of clinical evidence on target serum phosphorus levels in early chronic kidney disease (CKD). Present longitudinal study was done to find target phosphorus level and its association with fibroblast growth factor (FGF23) in three different hyperphosphatemia management groups.

Methods: This 1-year, prospective, randomized controlled, open-labelled study was conducted among three equally allocated treatment groups that consisted of 120 screened early CKD patients totally.

Comparative diagnostic utility of different urinary biomarkers during pre-albuminuric stages of non-hypertensive type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Background & Objectives: Activation of renin-angiotensin system and tubulointerstitial damage might be seen in pre-albuminuria stage of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, diagnostic utility of four urinary biomarkers [Angiotensinogen (Angio), Interleukin (IL)-18, Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Cystatin] during pre-albuminuria stages of non-hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients was studied.

Methods: A total of 952 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients were screened for nephropathy [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥120 ml/min and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30], and 120 patients were followed up for one year.

Ultra-low CONtraSt PCI vs conVEntional PCI in patients of ACS with increased risk of CI-AKI (CONSaVE-AKI).

Objectives: This prospective, randomized study assessed short-term outcomes and safety of ultra-low contrast percutaneous coronary intervention(ULC-PCI) vs conventional PCI in high risk for contrast induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI) patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).

Background: Patients at an increased risk of developing CI-AKI can be identified prior to PCI based on their pre-procedural risk scores. ULC-PCI is a novel contrast conservation strategy in such high risk patients for prevention of CI-AKI.

Single-center Haemodialysis Experience in India During COVID-19.

Introduction: Since COVID-19 has been announced as a pandemic, outcome of dialysis patients in terms of morbidity and mortality from India is lacking. We studied the clinical, epidemiological features of COVID-19 along with outcome in terms of mortality in our dialysis cohort.

Methods: Data of End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) patients who were admitted in COVID-19 designated hospital block as positive and suspected patients from 1 April 2020 to 31 July 2020 was retrieved.

Effect of Vitamin D on Urinary Angiotensinogen Level in Early Diabetic Nephropathy.

Background: Urinary angiotensinogen (UAGT) is supposed to be a marker of activation of the intrarenal renin- angiotensin system (RAS) system in early diabetic nnephropathy (EDN). Vitamin D has been studied as a negative regulator of the circulating and tissue RAS activity, so its supplementation may prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study was planned to assess the RAS activation and effect of vitamin D supplementation in EDN progression by estimating the UAGT level.

Continuing arteriovenous fistula creation by nephrologist and its outcome during COVID pandemic-Analysis of 376 cases.

There has been a significant reduction of elective surgeries including creation of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) during the ongoing pandemic by the surgeons. Here, we report the retrospective observational data of AVF creation by nephrologists in a single center, during a period of 8 months. A total of 376 fistulae were created in 310 patients.

Study on prediction of arterio-venous fistula maturation by flow mediated dilatation and AVF blood flow.

Background: The physiology and pathology of AVF maturation depends on the vessels characteristics and its ability to remodel. Outcome of AVF using flow mediated dilatation (FMD), AVF blood flow and diameter has been studied.

Methodology: Present observational study included single stage AVF (both Radiocephalic and Brachiocephalic) in consecutive CKD five patients ( = 158) prospectively over 1 year.

Comparative evaluation of immunoperoxidase versus immunofluorescent techniques in interpretation of kidney biopsies.

Background: Immunofluorescence (IF) on frozen sections has been considered to be the gold standard for evaluation of kidney biopsy specimens. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) method can also be used for this purpose with advantages of being applicable on paraffin embedded tissue, providing permanent sections, and not requiring a specialized microscope for interpretation. Our aim was to evaluate IHC as an alternative to IF in the diagnostic assessment of kidney biopsy specimens.

Identification of high-risk population and prevalence of kidney damage among asymptomatic central government employees in Delhi, India.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has attained epidemic proportions in India due to increased incidence of diabetes and hypertension (HTN). It was surmised that identification of only high-risk groups (HRGs) through a questionnaire would be sufficient to identify cases of kidney damage (KD). The study attempted to device a questionnaire to classify the subjects in to HRG and low-risk group (LRG) and assess the extent of early KD.

Evaluation of Protein-Energy Wasting and Inflammation on Patients Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis and its Correlations.

Background: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) and heightened inflammation are prevalent in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and is a strong risk factor for morbidity and mortality in these patients. Evaluation of PEW, prevalence of inflammation as well as interrelationship between various nutritional indices and inflammation has not been studied in much detail in patients undergoing CAPD.

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the interrelationship between PEW and inflammation in patients undergoing CAPD.

Co-existence of classic familial lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase deficiency and fish eye disease in the same family.

We report a family with a rare genetic disorder arising out of mutation in the gene that encodes for the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). The proband presented with nephrotic syndrome, hemolytic anemia, cloudy cornea, and dyslipidemia. Kidney biopsy showed certain characteristic features to suggest LCAT deficiency, and the enzyme activity in the serum was undetectable.

Nontraditional cardiovascular biomarkers and estimation of cardiovascular risk in predialysis chronic kidney disease patients and their correlations with carotid intima media thickness.

Background: Cardiovascular biomarkers such as N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), hs-CRP (high sensitivity C-reactive protein), and albuminuria predict underlying heart disease in the general population as well as CKD patients.

Objectives: We aimed to study the association of NT-proBNP, cTnT, hs-CRP, and spot urine albumin creatinine ratio with carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) for cardiovascular risk estimation in predialysis CKD (chronic kidney disease) patients.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 120 adult predialysis CKD patients.

Novel urinary biomarkers in pre-diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Renal involvement was thought to occur more than 10 years after onset of diabetes, but recent studies provide evidence that it starts even in the pre-diabetes stage. However, there is no sensitive marker to detect these changes at such early stages. Novel urinary biomarkers have showed promising results in detection of early nephropathy in pre-diabetics.

Estimation of renal function in the intensive care unit: the covert concepts brought to light.

Frantic efforts have been made up to this date to derive consensus for estimating renal function in critically ill patients, only to open the Pandora's box. This article tries to explore the various methods available to date, the newer concepts, and the uncared issues that may still prove to be useful in estimating renal function in intensive care unit patients. The concept of augmented renal clearance, which is frequently encountered in critically ill patients, should always be taken into account, as correct therapeutic dosage of drugs sounds vital which in turn depends on correctly calculated glomerular filtration rate.

Analysis of case series of milky urine: A single center and departmental clinical experience with emphasis on management perspectives: A prospective observational study.

Background: Milky urine can be due to chyluria or lipiduria due to nephrotic syndrome. Filarial chyluria usually responds to medical management while non-filarial cases may require surgical intervention.

Aim: To perform a prospective observational study in patients presenting with milky urine in our centre over a period of one year from July 2011 to June 2012, a complete biochemical work up and imaging to find out the site of leakage of lymph if it is a case of chyluria, its response to medical management and the requirement of surgical intervention.