Comparative Analysis of Thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Levels in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) of Diabetic Patients With Chronic Periodontitis: An Enzyme Immunoassay Study.

Introduction: A persistent systemic hyperglycemia as observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with periodontal inflammation. Therefore, the primary objective of the present study was to assess the levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of type 2 DM and non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. The secondary objectives were to correlate these levels with various parameters such as age, gender, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, probing depth (PD), and fasting blood sugar levels and to determine the significant predictors for PGE2 and TXB2 levels.

Pharmacological blockade of HDAC6 attenuates cancer progression by inhibiting IL-1β and modulating immunosuppressive response in OSCC.

Interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) one of the biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is upregulated in tumor-microenvironment (TME) and associated with poor patient survival. Thus, a novel modulator of IL-1β would be of great therapeutic value for OSCC treatment. Here we report regulation of IL-1β and TME by histone deacetylase-6 (HDAC6)-inhibitor in OSCC.

Development of Benzimidazole-Substituted Spirocyclopropyl Oxindole Derivatives as Cytotoxic Agents: Tubulin Polymerization Inhibition and Apoptosis Inducing Studies.

A series of spirocyclopropyl oxindoles with benzimidazole substitutions was synthesized and tested for their cytotoxicity against selected human cancer cells. Most of the molecules exhibited significant antiproliferative activity with compound 12 p being the most potent. It exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC value 3.

Validity of ultrasound with color Doppler to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian tumours.

Objective: To assess the utility of ultrasound and color Doppler and the Accuracy of International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) group classification in the preoperative evaluation of ovarian neoplasms to assess benign or malignant histopathology in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors.

Methods: This observational longitudinal prospective analysis of 60 patients was performed over a period of 2 years (2017- 2019). The mean age of the patients was 43.

Development and Validation of a Fluorogenic Probe for Lysosomal Zinc Release.

Zinc homeostasis, which allows optimal zinc utilization in diverse life processes, is responsible for the general well-being of human beings. This paper describes developing and validating an easily accessible indole-containing zinc-specific probe in the cellular milieu. The probe was synthesized from readily available starting materials and was subjected to steady-state fluorescence studies.

A Rare Case of Hyoid Osteoma.

Solid primary tumors of the hyoid bone are extremely rare. Osteomas are benign, slow-growing, usually asymptomatic, and well-circumscribed tumors broadly attached to the bone surface composed of mature lamellar/cortical-type bone with unknown etiology. Osteomas commonly occur in bones formed by membranous ossification, almost exclusively occurring in the head and commonly involving the paranasal sinus, skull vault, mandible, and nasal bone.

Delineating the Structure-Dynamics-Binding Differences among BA.1, BA.4/5, and BF.7 SARS-CoV-2 Variants through Atomistic Simulations: Correlation with Structural and Epidemiological Features.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an RNA virus possessing a spike (S) protein that facilitates the entry of the virus into human cells. The emergence of highly transmissible and fit SARS-CoV-2 variants has been driven by the positive selection of mutations within the S-protein. Notable among these variants are alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron (BA.

Benzimidazole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors: Design, synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity studies.

A new class of benzimidazole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors has been designed and synthesized in this study. The in vitro anticancer profile of the developed molecules was reconnoitred on selected human cancer cells. The highest cytotoxicity was illustrated by compounds 7n and 7u with IC values ranging from 2.

Sialic Acid Engineered Prodrug Nanoparticles for Codelivery of Bortezomib and Selenium in Tumor Bearing Mice.

Most cancer patients rarely benefit from monodrug therapy because of both cancer complexity and tumor environment. One of the main reasons for this failure is insufficient accumulation of the optimal dose at the tumorous site. Our investigation implies a promising strategy to engineer prodrug nanoparticles (NPs) of bortezomib (BTZ) and selenium (Se) using sialic acid (SAL) as a ligand to improve breast cancer therapy.

Targeted intracellular delivery of antitubercular bioactive(s) to Mtb infected macrophages via transferrin functionalized nanoliposomes.

The packaging of antimicrobials/chemotherapeutics into nanoliposomes can enhance their activity while minimizing toxicity. However, their use is still limited owing to inefficient/inadequate loading strategies. Several bioactive(s) which are non ionizable, and poorly aqueous soluble cannot be easily encapsulated into aqueous core of liposomes by using conventional means.

Multimodal medical tensor fusion network-based DL framework for abnormality prediction from the radiology CXRs and clinical text reports.

Pulmonary disease is a commonly occurring abnormality throughout this world. The pulmonary diseases include Tuberculosis, Pneumothorax, Cardiomegaly, Pulmonary atelectasis, Pneumonia, etc. A timely prognosis of pulmonary disease is essential.

Regioselective synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of 3-thiooxindole derivatives: Tubulin polymerization inhibition and apoptosis inducing studies.

Herein, regiospecific nucleophilic ring-opening of spiroaziridine oxindoles has been established to afford 3-substituted-thiooxindole derivatives as anticancer agents. Among the new series, compounds 7d and 9c exhibited promising cytotoxic activity toward HCT-116 cells with IC values of 6.73 ± 0.

Pharmacological blockade of HDAC3 accelerates diabetic wound healing by regulating macrophage activation.

Aims: Here, we report the effect of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) inhibition associated with macrophage activation, IL-1β expression, angiogenesis and wound healing in diabetic mice.

Main Methods: To determine the expression of HDAC3 in diabetic mice wounds, hyperglycemia was induced in C57BL/6 mice with streptozotocin followed by induction of 6 mm wounds. To understand the effect of HDAC3 selective inhibitor, BG45, wound tissues were isolated for analysing M1/M2 markers expression, immune cells infiltration, angiogenesis and healing factors expression.

Triazolo-linked benzimidazoles as tubulin polymerization inhibitors and DNA intercalators: Design, synthesis, cytotoxicity, and docking studies.

A simple "click" protocol was employed in the quest of synthesizing 1,2,3-triazole-linked benzimidazoles as promising anticancer agents on various human cancer cell lines such as A549, HCT116, SK-Mel-28, HT-29, and MCF-7. Compound 12j demonstrated significant cytotoxic potential towards SK-Mel-28 cancer cells (IC : 4.17 ± 0.

Computed Tomography and Cephalometric Evaluation of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

To examine the changes of upper airway cross sectional area in each phase of respiration in different degrees of severity of OSAS with computed tomography and cephalometry to decide on further treatment. A Prospective study was done in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, spanning over a period from March 2017 to December 2019. 50 patients were included in the study including control group.

-2-Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide-Polycaprolactone Polymeric Micelles in Co-delivery of Proteasome Inhibitor and Polyphenol: Exploration of Synergism or Antagonism.

Breast cancer leads to the highest mortality among women resulting in a major clinical burden. Multidrug therapy is more efficient in such patients compared to monodrug therapy. Simultaneous combinatorial or co-delivery garnered significant interest in the past years.

HDAC5 RNA interference ameliorates acute renal injury by upregulating KLF2 and inhibiting NALP3 expression in a mouse model of oxalate nephropathy.

Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NALP3) are important regulators of macrophage activation in the context of various pathological conditions. NALP3 also plays an important role in the maturation of IL-1 β which is central to the pathogenesis of acute oxalate nephropathy. The functional role of KLF2 and regulation of both KLF2 and NALP3 in the pathogenesis of acute oxalate nephropathy is comparably less studied.

Inhibition of Autotaxin Ameliorates LPA-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Alleviates Neurological Dysfunction in Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Growing evidence suggests an essential role of neuroinflammation in behavioral abnormalities associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Here, we report the involvement of autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in HE's pathogenesis. We demonstrate that the autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor PF-8380 attenuates neuroinflammation and improves neurological dysfunction in the mouse model of HE.

HDAC6 inhibition attenuates renal injury by reducing IL-1β secretion and RIP kinase mediated necroptosis in acute oxalate nephropathy.

Background: Pathogenesis of acute kidney injury is driven by necro-inflammation, which is comprised of IL-1β mediated inflammation and RIP-1 mediated tubular necroptosis. HDAC6 is reported to regulate both inflammation and cell death. In the present study, we explored the role of HDAC6 in the lysosomal exocytosis of IL-1β and RIP-1 mediated necroptosis in the context of oxalate nephropathy.

A myriad spectrum of seizures on magnetic resonance imaging - A pictorial essay.

Patients with seizures represent a challenging clinical population both in pediatrics and adults. Accurate diagnosis of the cause of a seizure is important in choosing an effective treatment modality, surgical planning, predicting a prognosis, and follow-up. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using a dedicated epilepsy protocol plays a key role in the workup of these patients.

Cyclo(Val-Pro) and Cyclo(Leu-Hydroxy-Pro) from Pseudomonas sp. (ABS-36) alleviates acute and chronic renal injury under in vitro and in vivo models (Ischemic reperfusion and unilateral ureter obstruction).

The study aimed to identify small molecules having potentiality in alleviating renal injury. Two natural compounds cyclo(Val-Pro) (1) and cyclo(Leu-Hydroxy-Pro) (2) were first evaluated under acute renal injury model of ischemic reperfusion at different doses of 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg body weight. Further, the compounds were subjected to antimycin A-induced ischemic in vitro study (NRK-52E cell lines).

Iris thickness and volume be measured using iris base instead of scleral spur as reference in anterior optical coherence tomography scan.

Purpose: To compare the iris parameters (iris thickness [IT] and volume) measured at different locations on iris determined using iris base (IB) and scleral spur (SS) in healthy Saudi eyes and factors affecting the differences.

Methods: Healthy eyes of Saudi persons were evaluated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). The IT was measured using Image J software and OCT scans in the horizontal axis in light on and light off condition.

Primary angle closure glaucoma is characterized by altered extracellular matrix homeostasis in the iris.

Purpose: To characterize the proteome of the iris in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).

Experimental Design: In this cross-sectional study, iris samples were obtained from surgical iridectomy of 48 adults with PACG and five normal controls. Peptides from iris were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on an Orbitrap Q Exactive Plus mass spectrometer.