Mast Cell Numbers in Primary Eosinophilic Colitis are Significantly Higher than in Secondary Tissue Eosinophilia and Normal Control: a Possible Link to Pathogenesis.

Background: Primary Eosinophilic Colitis (PEC) is one of the rare eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases with a poorly understood pathogenesis. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) is the most common and best-understood disease in this category. Activated mast cells (MCs) have a role to play in the tissue damage in EE.

Arg399Gln XRCC1 Polymorphism and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck in Jordanian Patients.

Background And Objective: X-ray repair cross-complementing group1 (XRCC1) is a key protein in base excision repair and closely associated with the coordination of the base excision repair pathway. Many studies have focused on XRCC1 SNPs and have shown an associated between these SNPs and the risk of several types of cancers, including head and neck cancer. There are many single nucleotide polymorphisms XRCC1 gene (SNPs) and the most common SNP that result in amino acid substitutions is exon 10 (Arg399Gln).

KRAS and NRAS mutational gene profile of metastatic colorectal cancer patients in Jordan.

Background: A constitutively active RAS protein in the absence of stimulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the result of mutations in KRAS and NRAS genes. Mutations in the KRAS exon 2 and outside exon 2 have been found to predict the resistance to anti-EGFR monoclonal therapy. A substantial proportion of metastatic colorectal cancer cases (mCRC) exhibit RAS mutations outside KRAS exon 2, particularly in KRAS exon 3 and 4 and NRAS exons 2 and 3.

Is the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Possible Without Intestinal Biopsy?

Background: Coeliac disease is defined as a state of immune-mediated hyper-responsiveness to dietary gluten from wheat, barley, or rye in genetically predisposed individuals that results in tissue damage. The diagnosis is made by microscopic examination of a small intestinal biopsy, although serological testing for antibodies against tissue transglutaminase and deamidated gliadin peptide can be of great advantage. It has been suggested that duodenal biopsy can be avoided in patients with high levels of the tissue transglutaminase antibody, since a relationship has been found to be present between tissue transglutaminase antibody titres and coeliac disease.

Leydig cell tumor in grey zone: A case report.

Introduction: Leydig cell tumor constitutes only about 1-3% of testicular neoplasms. There is apparently increased incidence in the last few years; one possible explanation for this phenomenon is the widespread use of ultrasound technology and the subsequent increased early detection of smaller lesions that have not been found in historical series.

Case Presentation: We report a case of Leydig cell tumor of testis in a patient presenting with painless long standing slowly growing left scrotal mass who found to have intrapulmonary nodule and multiple enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes on staging work up.

Frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in Jordanian lung adenocarcinoma patients at diagnosis.

Background: Somatic mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene have been associated with tumor response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and favorable outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The activating mutations that confer sensitivity to EGFR TKIs are present in the TK domain of the EGFR gene. This study aims to report on the prevalence of EGFR mutations in NSCLC and non-squamous lung cancer patients at diagnosis, using genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) obtained from paraffin-embedded tissue samples.

Allele and Genotype Frequencies of the Polymorphic Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase and Lung Cancer in ther Jordanian Population: a Case Control Study.

Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is involved in amino acid synthesis and DNA function. Two common polymorphisms are reported, C677T and A1298C, that are implicated in a number of human diseases, including cancer.

Objective: The association between MTHFR C677T and A1298C genotype and haplotype frequencies in risk for lung cancer (LC) was investigated in the Jordanian population.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) gene polymorphisms and the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer and polyps among Jordanian population.

Background/aims: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) is a crucial enzyme involved in the metabolism of Prostaglandins and it has been implicated in several processes. This study was done to investigate the associations of polymorphisms in COX2 gene with the risk of colorectal cancer or polyps development among Jordanian population and to correlate with other ethnicities.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and thirty five cases (135) of colorectal carcinoma were studied for COX2 -A1195G polymorphisms employing PCR-RFLP technique, in addition to 104 cases of adenomatous polyps and 115 matched controls taken from the general population.

Evaluation of the growth and osteogenic differentiation of ASCs cultured with PL and seeded on PLGA scaffolds.

Scaffold serves as an important component of tissue engineering, which facilitates cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation of cultured cells. In this study we aimed to use platelet lysates as a substitute for FBS in culturing and proliferation of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs), which constitute a promising source for cell therapy. We characterized ASCs in the presence of PL, and then we seeded them onto poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds, osteogenic media was used to induce their proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.

Is Hashimoto's thyroiditis a risk factor for medullary thyroid carcinoma? Our experience and a literature review.

The etiology of medullary thyroid carcinoma remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant association between medullary thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in the histopathologic material of thyroidectomized patients. Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma: A Rare Entity.

Pulmonary artery sarcomas (PAS) are extremely rare sarcomas of uncertain histogenesis that often mimic pulmonary thromboemboli. This is a report of a 60-year-old female patient who presented with recurrent chest pain and cough. The patient was first diagnosed with pulmonary embolism but she did not improve on anticoagulant therapy.

Distribution of breast cancer subtypes among Jordanian women and correlation with histopathological grade: molecular subclassification study.

Objective: To evaluate the hormone receptor status and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu gene expression among Jordanian women with breast cancer. To classify our patients into molecular subtypes and to correlate the results with age of the patients and tumour grade.

Design: Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER), PR and HER2/neu was done by standard immunohistochemical technique and subclassification into molecular subtypes.

Allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphic methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and colorectal cancer among Jordanian population.

Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is involved in DNA synthesis and repair. We here aimed to investigate two common polymorphisms, C677T and A1298C, with genotype and haplotype frequencies in colorectal cancer (CRC) cases among Jordanian.

Materials And Methods: 131 CRC cases were studied for MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms, compared to 117 controls taken from the general population, employing the PCR-RFLP technique.

Synthesis and evaluation of mutual azo prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid linked to 2-phenylbenzoxazole-2-yl-5-acetic acid in ulcerative colitis.

In this study, the syntheses of 4-aminophenylbenzoxazol-2-yl-5-acetic acid, (an analogue of a known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID]) and 5-[4-(benzoxazol-2-yl-5-acetic acid)phenylazo]-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (a novel mutual azo prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA]) are reported. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using infrared (IR), hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) spectroscopy. Incubation of the azo compound with rat cecal contents demonstrated the susceptibility of the prepared azo prodrug to bacterial azoreductase enzyme.

Regression of endometrial implants treated with vitamin D3 in a rat model of endometriosis.

Endometriosis is one of the most frequent gynecological diseases. In addition to their side effects, available medical therapies may decrease fertility. Current understanding of endometriosis focuses on the role of the immune system in its pathophysiology.

Gastric perforation secondary to metastasis from ovarian cancer: Case report.

Introduction: Metastasis from ovarian cancer occurs frequently through the peritoneal cavity in the form of peritoneal carcinomatosis; isolated gastric metastasis is rarely reported in literature.

Presentation Of Case: We present a case of 43-year-old infertile lady, who developed a picture of acute abdomen four days post total abdominal hysterectomy and salpingoopherectomy for ovarian cancer. Further contrast-enhanced CT scan demonstrated massive free gas and fluid in the abdomen.

Orofacial findings in chronic granulomatous disease: report of twelve patients and review of the literature.

Background: Chronic granulomatous disease is an extremely rare primary immunodeficiency syndrome that can be associated with various oral complications. This can affect high number of patients. However, data on oral complications is sparse.

Intramuscular myxoma of the hypothenar muscles.

Intramuscular myxomas of the hand are rare entities. Primarily found in the myocardium, these lesions also affect the bone and soft tissues in other parts of the body. This article describes a case of hypothenar muscles myxoma treated with local surgical excision after frozen section biopsy with tumor-free margins.

Chemopreventive effect of raw and cooked lentils (Lens culinaris L) and soybeans (Glycine max) against azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci.

Although lentils (Lens culinaris L) contain several bioactive compounds that have been linked to the prevention of cancer, the in vivo chemopreventive ability of lentils against chemically induced colorectal cancer has not been examined. Our present study examined the hypothesis that lentils could suppress the early carcinogenesis in vivo by virtue of their bioactive micro- and macroconstituents and that culinary thermal treatment could affect their chemopreventive potential. To accomplish this goal, we used raw whole lentils (RWL), raw split lentils (RSL), cooked whole lentils (CWL), and cooked split lentils (CSL).

Antifertility effect of ethanolic extract of Juniperus phoenica (L.) in male albino rats.

The plant Juniperus phoenica (L.) (Cupressaceae) is widely growing on the rocky soils of the Mediterranean regions. In Jordan, the plant is distributed in different locations and is used as a folk medicine to treat rheumatism, edema, and urinary tract diseases.

New trends in the clinicopathological features of differentiated thyroid cancer in Central Jordan.

Objective: To investigate the current trends in presentation and distribution of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) at the largest referral hospital for endocrine cancers in Central Jordan.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical features, management and outcome of 110 patients diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma at Jordan University Hospital, Amman, between 1996 and 2001.

Results: Papillary carcinoma was diagnosed in 87 patients (80%), follicular carcinoma in 3 patients (2.

Simultaneous medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis in the same patient: case report and review of the literature.

We report a rare case of simultaneous medullary thyroid carcinoma on the left thyroid lobe with lymph node metastasis and papillary thyroid cancer on the right thyroid lobe. The 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with medullary thyroid carcinoma after left hemithyroidectomy for goitre. Completion thyroidectomy, central neck dissection and left modified neck dissection revealed the presence of papillary carcinoma on the right side.