Type I or Type II Endometrial Carcinoma? Role of BRCA1 Immunohistochemistry.

Objectives: Investigation of diagnostic and prognostic relevance of BRCA1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in endometrial carcinoma.

Methods: Ninty four specimens of endometrial carcinomas were evaluated. Full sections stained with hematoxylin & eosin were revaluated for assessment of tumor type, grade, myometrial, & lympho-vascular invasion (LVI).

Chitosan Surface-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles Loaded with Cranberry Powder Extract as a Potential Oral Delivery Platform for Targeting Colon Cancer Cells.

Nutraceutical cranberry powder extract (CBPE) has distinct polyphenols inhibiting colon cancer growth and proliferation. However, its oral therapeutic efficacy is hindered because of its low permeability. This study aims to formulate chitosan surface-modified PLGA nanoparticles (CS-PLGA NPs) for encapsulating CBPE and modulating its release rate, permeation, cell targeting, and, therefore, its cytotoxicity.

A comprehensive review on recent nanosystems for enhancing antifungal activity of fenticonazole nitrate from different routes of administration.

This review aims to comprehensively highlight the recent nanosystems enclosing Fenticonazole nitrate (FTN) and to compare between them regarding preparation techniques, studied factors and responses. Moreover, the optimum formulae were compared in terms of and studies in order to detect the best formula. FTN is a potent antifungal imidazole compound that had been used for treatment of many dangerous fungal infections affecting eye, skin or vagina.

Ocular Drug Delivery: a Comprehensive Review.

The human eye is a sophisticated organ with distinctive anatomy and physiology that hinders the passage of drugs into targeted ophthalmic sites. Effective topical administration is an interest of scientists for many decades. Their difficult mission is to prolong drug residence time and guarantee an appropriate ocular permeation.

Pronounced capping effect of olaminosomes as nanostructured platforms in ocular candidiasis management.

The aim of this study was to formulate and boost ocular targeting of Fenticonazole Nitrate (FTN)-loaded olaminosomes in order to improve drug corneal permeation and candidiasis treatment. Olaminosomes were formulated by ethanol injection technique applying a central composite design. The independent variables were: span 80 amount (mg) (A), oleylamine concentration (mg%) (B) and oleic acid: drug ratio (C).

Corneal targeted fenticonazole nitrate-loaded novasomes for the management of ocular candidiasis: Preparation, characterization, and assessments.

The purpose of this manuscript was to develop and optimize Fenticonazole Nitrate (FTN)-loaded novasomes aiming to enhance drug corneal penetration and to improve its antifungal activity. Ethanol injection was used to formulate FTN-loaded novasomes adopting a central composite design. The researched factors were: stearic acid concentration (g%) (A), span 80: drug ratio (B) and cholesterol amount (mg) (C), and their effects on percent entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size (PS), poly-dispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), and drug release after 8 hours (Q8h) were studied.

Protective effect of rutin and β-cyclodextrin against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by lambda-cyhalothrin in Wistar rats: biochemical, pathological indices and molecular analysis.

Background: This study aimed to assess hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) and the protective effect of rutin alone and in combination with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD).

Materials And Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Group 1: was used as a control and received a standard diet and water. Group 2, 3, 4 and 5 were orally administered with LCT (7.

"TPGS surface modified bilosomes as boosting cytotoxic oral delivery systems of curcumin against doxorubicin resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells".

The goal of this work was to design nude bilosomes (Bil) and D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) surface coated bilosomes as an oral delivery platform for improving the antitumor activity and poor oral permeability of Curcumin (CUR). Twelve different formulae were acquired from 3.2 factorial analysis considering different independent variables: bile salt type; Sodium taurocholate (STC) or Sodium cholate (SC) and weight percent; 1% or 5 % W/W, both at 2 levels respectively, while Span 60:Cholesterol ratio at 3 levels (1:1, 5:1, 9:1).

Digenic inheritance of IL-36RA and SEC61A1 mutations underlies generalized pustular psoriasis with hypogammaglobulinemia.

We report a female patient presenting with generalized pustular psoriasis and hypogammaglobulinemia due to digenic mutations in IL-36RA and SEC61A1. The patient presented with recurrent fevers, elevated inflammatory markers, hepatosplenomegaly, and recurrent sinopulmonary infections in the context of hypogammaglobulinemia which improved on immunoglobulin replacement. This report demonstrates how digenic inheritance leads to complex phenotypes, and illustrates the importance of following an unbiased approach to identifying variants, especially in patients with atypical clinical presentations.

Brain targeting efficiency of intranasal clozapine-loaded mixed micelles following radio labeling with Technetium-99m.

The research objective is to design intranasal (IN) brain targeted CLZ-loaded polymeric nanomicellar systems (PNMS) aiming to improve central systemic CLZ bioavailability. Direct equilibrium method was used to prepare CLZ-PNMS using two hydrophobic poloxamines; Tetronic 904 (T904) and Tetronic 701 (T701) and one hydrophilic poloxamer; Synperonic PE/F127 (F127). Optimization is based on higher percent transmittance, solubilizing efficiency, and release after 24 h with smaller particle size was achieved using Design-Expert software.

Therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis in second-grade burn model.

Background And Aim: Deleterious cutaneous tissue damages could result from exposure to thermal trauma, which could be ameliorated structurally and functionally through therapy via the most multipotent progenitor bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). This study aimed to induce burns and examine the effect of BM-MSCs during a short and long period of therapy.

Material And Methods: Ninety albino rats were divided into three groups: group I (control); group II (burn model), the animals were exposed to the preheated aluminum bar at 100°C for 15 s; and group III (the burned animals subcutaneously injected with BM-MSCs (2×10 cells/ ml)); they were clinically observed and sacrificed at different short and long time intervals, and skin samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination and analysis of different wound healing mediators via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Pulsatile-Release Tablets for the Treatment of Morning Anginal Symptoms: Dual Optimization, Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation.

Objective: This research work aimed to target the early morning peak symptoms of chronic stable angina through formulating antianginal drug, Trimetazidine (TMZ) in a pulsatile-release tablet.

Methods: The core formulae were optimized using 22 .31 factorial design to minimize disintegration time (DT) and maximize drug release after 5 minutes (Q5min).

Cubogel as potential platform for glaucoma management.

The aim of this work is to survey the potential of cubogel as an ocular dosage form to boost the corneal permeability of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride DZ; an antiglaucomal drug. DZ-loaded cubosomal dispersions were prepared according to Box-Behnken design, where the effect of independent variables; Monoolein MO concentration (2.5, 5 and 7.

Stabilized oral nanostructured lipid carriers of Adefovir Dipivoxil as a potential liver targeting: Estimation of liver function panel and uptake following intravenous injection of radioiodinated indicator.

Purpose: Adefovir dipivoxil (AD), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is effective against Hepatitis B virus. Its poor oral bioavailability leads to frequent administration causing severe adverse effects. Thereby the entrapment of AD within lipid nanoparticulate systems is a way of increasing AD oral bioavailability as a result of improving intestinal permeability with efficient liver-targeted delivery together with higher drug stability during storage.

Effect of Formulation Variables and Gamma Sterilization on Transcorneal Permeation and Stability of Proniosomal Gels as Ocular Platforms for Antiglaucomal Drug.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of different formulation variables (surfactant type and HLB value) adopting full factorial design (5. 2) using coacervation phase technique on in vitro characterization of dorzolamide hydrochloride (DZ)-loaded proniosomal gels, namely, entrapment efficiency percentage (EE%), vesicle size distribution, polydispersion index (PDI), and in vitro DZ release. The optimum formula F2 with a desirability value of 0.

Superhydrophobic Substrates for Ultrahigh Encapsulation of Hydrophilic Drug into Controlled-Release Polyelectrolyte Complex Beads: Statistical Optimization and In Vivo Evaluation.

In this work, ultrahigh drug-loaded chitosan (Ch)/K-carrageenan (Kc) polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) beads were formed in situ by cross-linking in a glutaraldehyde-saturated atmosphere and were prepared on superhydrophobic substrates fabricated by spraying glass surfaces with ready-made spray for domestic use (NeverWet). Verapamil hydrochloride (VP), a highly hydrophilic drug with a short biological half-life, was incorporated into a series of Ch-based and/or Ch/Kc-PEC-based beads to control its release profile in vivo. The formulation of VP-loaded beads was optimized using stepwise statistical designs based on a prespecified criterion.

Ultrahigh verapamil-loaded controlled release polymeric beads using superamphiphobic substrate: D-optimal statistical design, in vitro and in vivo performance.

Controlled-release multiparticulate systems of hydrophilic drugs usually suffer from poor encapsulation and rapid-release rate. In the present study, ultra-high loaded controlled release polymeric beads containing verapamil hydrochloride (VP) as hydrophilic model drug were efficiently prepared using superamphiphobic substrates aiming to improve patient compliance by reducing dosing frequency. Superamphiphobic substrates were fabricated using clean aluminum sheets etched with ammonia solution and were treated with 1.

Prevalence of Congenital Ocular Anomalies among Children with Genetic Disorders: An Egyptian Study.

Purpose: To assess the pattern and frequency of occurrence of ocular anomalies among other genetic disorders in Egypt.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 2500 cases presenting with genetic disorders. Cases were recruited from the clinical genetics department of the National Research Centre (NRC) over a four-year period between January 2011 and December 2014.

Adefovir dipivoxil loaded proliposomal powders with improved hepatoprotective activity: formulation, optimization, pharmacokinetic, and biodistribution studies.

The present study aimed to prepare proliposomal formulae for improving the oral bioavailability of adefovir dipivoxil (AD), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor effective against hepatitis B virus (HBV). The prepared proliposomal formulae were characterized for entrapment efficiency (E.E.

Calretinin expression as a reliable prognostic marker in different molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma.

Background: Calretinin (CR), a known mesothelial marker, is expressed in both epithelial and mesenchymal malignancies including breast cancer.

Aims: We aimed to measure the frequency of CR expression in correlation with other clinicopathological parameters of different molecular subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma and to study its prognostic implications in this common cancer.

Study Design: Tissue microarrays were constructed from 225 tissue samples of breast carcinoma cases.

Ocular ketoconazole-loaded proniosomal gels: formulation, ex vivo corneal permeation and in vivo studies.

Context: Vesicular drug carriers for ocular delivery have gained a real potential. Proniosomal gels as ocular drug carriers have been proven to be an effective way to improve bioavailability and patient compliance.

Objective: Formulation and in vitro/ex vivo/in vivo characterization of ketoconazole (KET)-loaded proniosomal gels for the treatment of ocular keratitis.

Intranasal haloperidol-loaded miniemulsions for brain targeting: Evaluation of locomotor suppression and in-vivo biodistribution.

Haloperidol is a commonly prescribed antipsychotic drug currently administered as oral and injectable preparations. This study aimed to prepare haloperidol intranasal miniemulsion helpful for psychiatric emergencies and exhibiting lower systemic exposure and side effects associated with non-target site delivery. Haloperidol miniemulsions were successfully prepared by spontaneous emulsification adopting 2(3) factorial design.

Comparative Study Between Different Ready-Made Orally Disintegrating Platforms for the Formulation of Sumatriptan Succinate Sublingual Tablets.

Sumatriptan succinate (SS) is a selective serotonin receptor agonist used for the treatment of migraine attacks, suffering from extensive first-pass metabolism and low oral bioavailability (∼14%). The aim of this work is to compare the performance of different ready-made co-processed platforms (Pharmaburst®, Prosolv ODT®, Starlac®, Pearlitol Flash®, or Ludiflash®) in the formulation of SS sublingual orodispersible tablets (ODTs) using direct compression technique. The prepared SS ODT formulae were evaluated regarding hardness, friability, simulated wetting time, and in vitro disintegration and dissolution tests.

Effect of formulation variables on design, in vitro evaluation of valsartan SNEDDS and estimation of its antioxidant effect in adrenaline-induced acute myocardial infarction in rats.

Valsartan is a specific angiotensin II antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension. It suffers from low aqueous solubility and high variability in its absorption after oral administration. The aim of this study was to improve the dissolution and thereby the bioavailability of Valsartan through the development of self nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems.