Gefapixant as a P2X3 receptor antagonist treatment for obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial.

Study Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder with serious health consequences but limited therapeutic options. For a subset of those with OSA, a key underlying mechanism is hypersensitive chemoreflex control of breathing. There is no approved therapy that targets this endotypic trait.

Transitioning insomnia patients from zolpidem to lemborexant: A multicenter, open-label study evaluating a next-dose transition approach to insomnia pharmacotherapy.

Objective: Few clinical studies have assessed real-world abrupt transitioning between insomnia medications. This study assessed strategies for directly transitioning patients from zolpidem tartrate (ZOL) immediate/extended release to the dual orexin receptor antagonist, lemborexant (LEM).

Methods: This randomized, open-label, multicenter study (Study 312; E2006-A001-312) enrolled 53 adults age ≥18 years with insomnia disorder and ≥1-month history of intermittent (3-4 nights/week) or frequent (≥5 nights/week) ZOL use.

Efficacy of the triple-combination SM-1 in a 5-h phase advance transient insomnia model.

Thomas Dahl, PO Box 404, Guilford, CT 06437 USA. Email: tadahl@outlook.com.

A randomized phase 1 single-dose polysomnography study of ASP8062, a GABA receptor positive allosteric modulator.

Rationale: Previous research suggests that sleep polysomnography and EEG endpoints can be used to assess GABAergic activity; however, the impact of GABA receptor positive allosteric modulators on sleep endpoints remains unclear.

Objectives: This phase 1 study compared a single dose of ASP8062 (35 mg or 70 mg), a GABA receptor positive allosteric modulator, with placebo and paroxetine (40 mg).

Methods: Healthy adult volunteers were randomized to four treatments (35 mg ASP8062, 70 mg ASP8062, paroxetine 40 mg, or matching placebo), each separated by a 14-day washout.

Mango ( L.): a magnificent plant with cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic potential.

L. (mango), a long-living evergreen plant belonging to the Anacardiaceae family, has been cultivated for thousands of years in the Indian subcontinent for its excellent fruits which represent a rich source of fiber, vitamin A and C, essential amino acids, and a plethora of phytochemicals. is extensively used in various traditional systems of medicine to prevent and treat several diseases.

Skull Abnormalities in Cadavers in the Gross Anatomy Lab.

Background: The skull encompasses and houses one of the most important organs in the body-the brain-and like all tissues in the body, it is comprised of living cells that are constantly remodeling as this maintains the strength and homeostasis of the bone. In the present study, abnormal bone growth patterns were observed and the possible causes of said findings were investigated in multiple cadaver skulls dissected during head and neck anatomy courses at Detroit Mercy Dental over the past year. There are many factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, with differences in stimulation to the skull resulting in skull abnormalities.

Efficacy of SM-1 in a transient insomnia model.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were primarily to assess the efficacy and safety of SM-1 in a circadian challenge model of transient insomnia and secondarily, to assess the contribution of diphenhydramine to the combination.

Methods: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled three-way cross-over study with a 5-hr phase advance. Subjects were 39 healthy adults reporting a history of transient insomnia.

The Anatomical Nature of Dental Paresthesia: A Quick Review.

Dental paresthesia is loss of sensation caused by maxillary or mandibular anesthetic administration before dental treatment. This review examines inferior alveolar block paresthesia symptoms, side effect and complications. Understanding the anatomy of the pterygomandibular fossa will help in understanding the nature and causes of the dental paresthesia.

Infraorbital Foramen and Pterygopalatine Fossa Location in Dry Skulls: Anatomical Guidelines for Local Anesthesia.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to locate the infraorbital foramen (IOF) in relation to the infraorbital margin (IOM) for proper injections of local anesthetics in skull specimens. Another aim was to determine the depth of needle penetration into pterygopalatine fossa through the greater palatine canal (GPC).

Materials And Methods: 102 skull halves were used to measure the distances between (1) IOF and IOM and (2) IOF and alveolar ridge of maxilla at second premolar.

Direct Syn Addition of Two Silicon Atoms to a C≡C Triple Bond by Si-Si Bond Activation: Access to Reactive Disilylated Olefins.

A catalytic intramolecular silapalladation of alkynes affords, in good yields and stereoselectively, syn-disilylated heterocycles of different chemical structure and size. When applied to silylethers, this reaction leads to vinylic silanols that undergo a rhodium-catalyzed addition to activated olefins, providing the oxa-Heck or oxa-Michael products, depending on the reaction conditions.

Internal Occipital Crest Misalignment with Internal Occipital Protuberance: A Case Report of Posterior Cranial Fossa Anatomic Variations.

During gross anatomy head and neck laboratory session, one dissection group observed an abnormal anatomic variation in the posterior cranial fossa of a 94-year-old male cadaver. The internal occipital crest was not aligned with internal occipital protuberance and groove for superior sagittal sinus. It seemed that the internal occipital protuberance was shifted significantly to the right side.

Use of High-Definition Audiovisual Technology in a Gross Anatomy Laboratory: Effect on Dental Students' Learning Outcomes and Satisfaction.

Laboratory cadaver dissection is essential for three-dimensional understanding of anatomical structures and variability, but there are many challenges to teaching gross anatomy in medical and dental schools, including a lack of available space and qualified anatomy faculty. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of high-definition audiovisual educational technology in the gross anatomy laboratory in improving dental students' learning outcomes and satisfaction. Exam scores were compared for two classes of first-year students at one U.

Attitudes towards the resuscitation of periviable infants: a national survey of American Muslim physicians.

Aim: To examine the associations between American Muslim physicians' characteristics and intended behaviours towards resuscitation of 22- and 23-week gestation infants.

Methods: This national survey of physician members of the Islamic Medical Association of North America inquired about physician religiosity, their practice of referring to Islamic resources for bioethical guidance, their preferred model of patient-doctor decision-making and the perceived importance of quality-of-life determinations with respect to medical decision-making. Four vignettes described birth of a 22- and a 23-week gestation infant.

Intramolecular carbolithiation of heterosubstituted alkynes: an experimental and theoretical study.

A series of heterosubstitued alkynes was successfully submitted to the intramolecular carbolithiation of their triple bond. We show that the addition is stereoselective because of the control exerted by the terminal substituent X on the geometry of the transition state. A complementary DFT study suggests that the addition is anti when a strong Li-X interaction occurs.

In vitro correlation of the level of inferior alveolar canal with CBCT imaging.

Purpose: The aim was to correlate the level of the inferior alveolar canal on cadaver specimens and as evaluated with three-dimensional radiographic cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging.

Methods: Twenty-one skulls with intact mandibles (42 inferior alveolar canals) were imaged with an I-CAT Cone-Beam 3D Imaging System and multi-planar reformatted images obtained were scored to assess the level of the canal (Level I, Level II, and Level III). The mandibles were later dissected and level of the canal was directly visualized, scored, and further correlated with results from CBCT imaging.

Carbolithiation of chloro-substituted alkynes: a new access to vinyl carbenoids.

The intramolecular carbolithiation of a series of chloro-substituted alkynes leads to exocyclic alkylidene carbenoids of which both nucleophilic and electrophilic characters can be drove. A sole stereoselective 5-exo-dig addition takes place, probably because of a strong and persisting Li-Cl interaction arising before the transition state.

Antiproliferative effect of hepatitis C virus on mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells: potential role in viral persistence in Egyptian patients.

Objectives: We aimed to study the effect of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and sera of chronic HCV patients on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated normal donor PBMCs and to study the effect of chronic HCV infection on some cytokine profile.

Subjects And Methods: (3)H-Thymidine uptake was utilized to study effect of pelleted virus and patients sera on PBMCs proliferation in vitro. The study included 337 Egyptian chronic liver patients from Ain Shams University Hospitals and 90 healthy control subjects.

Pattern of medical diseases and determinants of prognosis of hospitalization during 2005 Muslim pilgrimage Hajj in a tertiary care hospital. A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To document the pattern of medical diseases necessitating admission in a tertiary care hospital during Muslim pilgrimage (Hajj). To assess the risk factors associated with mortality during hospitalization.

Methods: The study was conducted at Al Noor Specialist Hospital, a 550-bed tertiary care teaching hospital, in Makkah, KSA.