Redefining Calciphylaxis as a Uniquely Bone Forming Subcutaneous C5b-9-Mediated Microvascular Injury Syndrome Associated With Localized Subcutaneous and Systemic Complement Pathway Activation.

Background: Microvascular thrombosis is key to the pathogenesis of calciphylaxis. C5b-9-mediated microvascular injury reflective of complement pathway activation could be a key pathophysiologic event.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study of 24 patients who have had biopsy-supported calciphylaxis from the 2010-2022 data base from Emory where C5b-9 immunohistochemistry (IHC) had not been conducted and the 2019-2023 data base from Cornell where C5b-9 IHC was done as part of the routine calciphylaxis work up.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated With Iatrogenic Interleukin 17A Blockade: A Report of Two Cases and a Review of the Literature.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare necrotizing neutrophilic dermatosis driven by monokines and cytokines elaborated by monocytes and autoreactive T cells, respectively. Th1-mediated autoimmune disorders and myeloproliferative disease are among the potential disease associations. More recently, certain medications were implicated, including TNF-alpha inhibitors, rituximab, and IL-17A inhibitors, such as secukinumab, where the development of PG is held to represent a cutaneous immune adverse effect.

Material needs security and cardiovascular risk factors in rural South Africa.

Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease is burgeoning in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is increasing, though rates of CVD diagnosis and management remain low. Awareness of the influence of social determinants of health (SDOH) on cardiovascular outcomes is growing, however, most work focuses on high-income countries.

CT findings of an incidental segmental aplasia of the caudal vena cava with azygos continuation in a guinea pig ().

Background: Segmental aplasia of the caudal vena cava (CVC) with azygos continuation is a congenital malformation macroscopically described in mammals including humans, dogs, and rodents. It is usually detected as an incidental finding and the final diagnosis is reached by computed tomography (CT), fluoroscopy, or post-mortem dissection.

Case Description: A 3-year-old guinea pig () presented with subacute dyspnea.

Cutaneous type IV hypersensitivity reaction following tebentafusp treatment for uveal melanoma.

Tebentafusp is a bispecific protein that recently underwent FDA approval for the treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma that functions by redirecting cytotoxic T cells to glycoprotein-100, a protein highly expressed in melanoma. Although clinical trials have demonstrated that rashes are common in the first few days of treatment, little is known about skin reactions that develop later in the treatment course. Herein, we describe a type IV hypersensitivity reaction and vitiligo-like depigmentation that developed six weeks into treatment and discuss the possible mechanisms underlying these reactions.

Subcutaneous panniculitic-like T-cell lymphoma localized to a site of peginterferon alfa-2a administration.

T cell dyscrasias that demonstrate a proclivity for the subcutaneous fat include atypical lymphocytic lobular panniculitis, lupus profundus, and primary subcutaneous T cell lymphoma, including subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma (SPTCL). We encountered two patients who developed fever and indurated abdominal erythema at their peginterferon alfa-2a injection sites. Biopsies showed an atypical CD8 positive, granzyme positive, CD5 negative, MXA negative lymphocytic lobular panniculitis, diagnostic of SPTCL.

Fungal and Toxin Contaminants in Cereal Grains and Flours: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cereal grains serve as the cornerstone of global nutrition, providing a significant portion of humanity's caloric requirements. However, the presence of fungal genera, such , , , and , known for their mycotoxin-producing abilities, presents a significant threat to human health due to the adverse effects of these toxins. The primary objective of this study was to identify the predominant fungal contaminants in cereal grains utilized in breadmaking, as well as in flour and bread.

Relapsing White Matter Disease and Subclinical Optic Neuropathy: From the National Multiple Sclerosis Society Case Conference Proceedings.

A 16-year-old adolescent boy presented with recurrent episodes of weakness and numbness. Brain MRI demonstrated subcortical, juxtacortical, and periventricular white matter T2 hyperintensities with gadolinium enhancement. CSF was positive for oligoclonal bands that were not present in serum.

TEMPI syndrome: A clinical, light-microscopic and phenotypic evaluation with review of the literature.

Background And Objectives: TEMPI (telangiectasias, elevated erythropoietin and erythrocytosis, monoclonal gammopathy, perinephric fluid collections, and intrapulmonaryshunting) syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease classified as a monoclonal gammopathy of cutaneous significance. The pathogenesis and etiology of TEMPIare not well known because of the rarity of this disorder. Although telangiectasias are the hallmark of this syndrome, skin biopsies are rarely performed.