Pretransplantation Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Can Prevent Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus After Renal Transplantation: Preliminary Study.

Unlabelled: Posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) adversely affects renal graft and patient survival. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) alone underestimates diagnosis of glucose metabolism disorders (GMD) detected using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT-75). Prediabetes including impaired fasting glucose (IFG): 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.

Expression of PBMC TLR4 in Renal Graft Recipients Who Experienced Delayed Graft Function Reflects Dynamic Balance Between Blood and Tissue Compartments and Helps Select a Problematic Patient.

Unlabelled: Both Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and monocytes focus stimuli, causing them to contribute differently to chronic injury of a transplanted kidney.

Aim: The aim of our study was to determine if TLR4 monocyte is a diagnostic tool and possibly a target for therapeutic intervention.

Materials: We studied 143 kidney transplant (KT) patients (88 male, 55 female; 50.

Kidney Transplantation From Old Deceased Donors: Impact of Uric Acid Level-A Quarter-Century of Experience in One Transplant Center.

Background: The long-term burden of higher donor age on graft function and survival after kidney transplantation remains uncertain. Because both recipient and donor characteristics have evolved and the general population age is on the increase, we looked at the causes of kidney graft outcome.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different clinical parameters on long-term outcome of older-donor kidney transplantation.

Impaired kidney allograft: how long can it function? A single-center study of the transplantation population.

Impaired renal graft function is a matter of particular concern during post-transplantation care because low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a risk factor for graft loss. The aim of the study was to assess risk factors for inferior outcomes of kidney transplantations with low eGFRs. We identified 72 patients who underwent transplantation between 1999 and 2005 who had chronic renal graft dysfunction after 6 months post-transplantation (eGFR < 40 mL/min/1.

Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and HLA genotypes affect the outcome of allogeneic kidney transplantation.

Background: Recipient NK cells may detect the lack of recipient's (i.e., self) HLA antigens on donor renal tissue by means of their killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs).

Does the KIR2DS5 gene protect from some human diseases?

Background: KIR2DS5 gene encodes an activating natural killer cell receptor whose ligand is not known. It was recently reported to affect the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Methodology/principal Findings: In our studies on KIR2DS5 gene associations with human diseases, we compared the frequencies of this gene in patients and relevant controls.

The influence of CTLA-4 gene polymorphism on long-term kidney allograft function in Caucasian recipients.

The aim of the study was to examine whether CTLA-4 (CD152) and CD28 gene polymorphisms affect the outcome of kidney transplantation (KTx). Polymorphisms of the CTLA-4 gene (-318 C>T, +49 A>G, and the microsatellite polymorphism in the 3'UTR of exon 4 (AT)(n)) and a CD28 gene (IVS3 +17T>C) were investigated in 314 allograft recipients with a mean age of 41.9+/-12 years.

Estimated glomerular filtration rate evolution between 6 and 24 months predicts long-term kidney transplant survival among patients with inferior graft function.

Unlabelled: One-year serum creatinine and other clinical and immunologic factors remain uncertain predictors of long-term kidney allograft outcomes. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) monitoring of patients with suboptimal kidney allograft function. The analysis included 332 patients (median age, 43 years), who received deceased donor kidney transplantations between 1995 and 2007 with graft function for at least 1.

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D deficiency predicts poorer outcome after renal transplantation.

Objective: To assess 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D status and the effect of vitamin concentration on transplantation outcome in renal allograft recipients.

Patients And Methods: Ninety patients underwent renal transplantation between 2002 and 2005. All received alfacalcidol supplementation before surgery.

CD28 downregulation on CD4+ T cells is associated with age of kidney transplant recipient.

There is a growing body of evidence showing that the intensity of rejection is weaker in older kidney allograft recipients while chronic complications, but not rejection, are the main causes of graft loss. To investigate whether the age of the recipient is a factor affecting the expressions of the CD28, CTLA-4, and CD40L costimulatory molecules on CD4+ T cells. Their expression levels were determined in 78 kidney transplant recipients aged 17-68 years.

[Variable expression of CD28 costimulatory molecule and CTLA4 inhibitory molecule on peripheral blood CD4+ cells in kidney allograft recipients with and without acute graft rejection].

Unlabelled: Alloimune activation is one of the most significant post transplant events, which results in increased expression of costimulatory molecules. These molecules have been suggested to play a role in determining the outcome of immune response including graft rejection.

Material And Methods: We examined the CD28 and both surface and intracellular CTLA-4 expression on freshly drawn and anti-CD3+rlL-2 stimulated peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in kidney transplant recipients with acute graft rejection and with non-complicated post transplant course.

CD40L, CD28, and CTLA-4 expression on CD4+ T cells in kidney graft recipients: a relationship with post-transplantation clinical course.

Background: Experimental studies have demonstrated that the intensity of alloreactivity against a transplanted organ results from an interaction of positive (CD40/CD40L and B.7/CD28) and inhibitory (B.7/CTLA-4) signals between antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T lymphocytes.

Possible association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene promoter single nucleotide polymorphism with acute rejection of allogeneic kidney transplant.

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) molecule is an important inhibitor of T-lymphocyte response. Polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene have been described to be associated with numerous autoimmune diseases. However, similar studies in solid organ transplantation have been scarce.

Innate antiviral immunity is not impaired in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis.

Unlabelled: Although it is well documented that chronic renal failure patients are susceptible to infectious diseases, the reason for this has not been clarified. The aim of the study was to assess the antiviral natural (innate) immunity of peripheral leukocytes in 37 hemodialysis patients and compare it with that of a of control group (70 blood donors). We investigated 16 patients with anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies, anti-HCV(+) and 21 patients without anti-HCV antibodies, anti-HCV(-).

New possibilities of therapeutic interventions in transplantation.

Immune tolerance of the graft would allow for long-term graft survival without immunosuppressive drugs. Experimental studies showed that both CD28/B7 and CD40L/CD40 costimulations are critical for allograft rejection and their blockade during transplantation induced a decrease of proliferation of alloreactive T cells and an increase of their death by apoptosis. Blocking B7 costimulation increased rodent allograft survival of kidney, liver and pancreatic islets but this is insufficient weapon in the induction of graft tolerance.

Costimulatory pathways as a basic mechanisms of activating a tolerance signal in T cells.

Immune tolerance is an active response leading to the T cell unresponsiveness in the presence of the graft, which may develop through a couple of mechanisms including costimulation blockade. The CD28/B7 and CD40L/CD40 costimulatory pathways have been described as the critical for T cell activation. When activated T cell upregulate CTLA4, which importance as a negative regulatory costimulatory molecule is highlighted by the recent evidence suggesting that CTLA4 may function as a master switch for peripheral T cell tolerance.

[Evaluation of health-related quality of life in dialysis patients. Personal experience using questionnaire SF-36].

Introduction: Patients' perception of health is an important outcome measure in the assessment of influence of chronic disease and received treatment. The purpose of this study was: 1) to investigate the relation between selected demographic and clinical characteristics and Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) scores in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who receive dialysis, 2) to compare HRQoL in dialysis patients with their peers from the control group, 3) to evaluate the usefulness of SF-36 questionnaire.

Material And Methods: We evaluated Health-Realated Quality of Life (HRQoL) of dialysis patients by the Polish version of the Short Form 36 Items Health Survey (SF-36).