The prognostic significance of stress-phenotyping for stroke incidence: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study.

Background: Self-reported mental stress is not consistently recognized as a risk factor for stroke. This prompted development of a novel algorithm for stress-phenotype indices to quantify chronic stress prevalence in relation to a modified stroke risk score in a South African cohort. The algorithm is based on biomarkers adrenocorticotrophic hormone, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-sensitive cardiac-troponin-T, and diastolic blood pressure which exemplifies the stress-ischemic-phenotype index.

Cardiac biomarkers for detection of coronary artery disease in the community.

To investigate whether coronary artery disease (CAD) burden is associated with plasma levels of the myocardial biomarkers Troponin I (TropI) and NT-proBNP in a large population-based sample using a cross-sectional design. Coronary computerized tomography (CT) angiography was performed in 25,859 subjects without a history of atherosclerotic disease from SCAPIS study (age 50-65, 52% women). TropI and NT-proBNP were measured in plasma.

Novel loci and biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation.

Iron homoeostasis is tightly regulated, with hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) playing significant roles. However, the genetic determinants of these traits and the biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation are unclear. In a meta-analysis of 12 cohorts involving 91,675 participants, we found 43 genomic loci associated with either hepcidin or sTfR concentration, of which 15 previously unreported.

Information access and COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among foreign-born persons in Sweden - a focus group interview-study.

Background: In most countries, lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination have been observed in foreign-born individuals, yet little is known about the underlying reasons, especially as reported by these individuals themselves. This exploratory interview study investigated lack of information access and hesitancy towards taking the COVID-19 vaccine among foreign-born individuals in Sweden.

Methods: We used purposive sampling to recruit foreign-born adults who expressed being hesitant towards getting vaccinated, as well as health guides and doulas who were assigned to spread COVID-19 related information in immigrant-dense urban areas.

Proteomic biomarkers and pathway analysis for progression to heart failure in three epidemiological representative cohorts.

Aims: Biomarkers associated with asymptomatic ventricular dysfunction might improve risk stratification and identify pathways leading to heart failure (HF). We explored the association between proteomic biomarkers and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction (DD) and incident HF in three population-based cohorts.

Methods And Results: A chip was used to measure 92 protein biomarkers in blood samples from >1500 Malmö Preventive Project (MPP) participants, of whom 514 had LVH (34%), 462 had DD (32.

3D cultivation of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines using four different methods.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to set up reliable and reproducible culture conditions for 3D tumoroids derived from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to enable greater opportunity for successful cultivation of patient-derived samples.

Methods: Four NSCLC cell lines, two adenocarcinomas (A549, NCI-H1975) and two squamous cell carcinomas (HCC-95, HCC-1588), were first cultured in traditional 2D settings. Their expected expression profiles concerning TTF-1, CK7, CK5, and p40 status were confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) before the generation of 3D cultures.

Semorinemab Pharmacokinetics and The Effect on Plasma Total Tau Pharmacodynamics in Clinical Studies.

Background: Semorinemab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the N-terminal domain of the tau protein that is in clinical development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: To perform model-based evaluations of the observed pharmacokinetics in serum and the total plasma tau target-engagement dynamics from clinical studies evaluating semorinemab.

Design: The observed semorinemab pharmacokinetics and plasma tau target engagement from phase 1 and 2 clinical studies were modeled using a non-linear mixed effect target-mediated drug disposition model.

Exposure of Colon-Derived Epithelial Monolayers to Fecal Luminal Factors from Patients with Colon Cancer and Ulcerative Colitis Results in Distinct Gene Expression Patterns.

Microbiota and luminal components may affect epithelial integrity and thus participate in the pathophysiology of colon cancer (CC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of fecal luminal factors derived from patients with CC and ulcerative colitis (UC) on the colonic epithelium using a standardized colon-derived two-dimensional epithelial monolayer. The complex primary human stem cell-derived intestinal epithelium model, termed RepliGut Planar, was expanded and passaged in a two-dimensional culture which underwent stimulation for 48 h with fecal supernatants (FS) from CC patients ( = 6), UC patients with active disease ( = 6), and healthy subjects (HS) ( = 6).

Structured diabetes care routines in cardiac rehabilitation are associated with increased diabetes detection and improved treatment after myocardial infarction: a nationwide observational study.

Background: Despite the detrimental impact of abnormal glucose metabolism on cardiovascular prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI), diabetes is both underdiagnosed and undertreated. We investigated associations between structured diabetes care routines in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and detection and treatment of diabetes at one-year post-MI.

Methods: Center-level data was derived from the Perfect-CR survey, which evaluated work routines applied at Swedish CR centers (n = 76).

Tocilizumab reduces hypercoagulation in COVID-19 - Perspectives from the coagulation and immunomodulation Covid assessment (Coag-ImmCovA) clinical trial.

Background: Despite medical interventions, COVID-19 continues to persist at pandemic proportions. A hypercoagulation state was rapidly observed in the severely ill, and the incidence of thromboembolic events remains elevated. Interleukin inhibitors have demonstrated positive effects on the hyperactivation of the immune system in COVID-19, with the interleukin-6 inhibitor tocilizumab showing promising results in reducing mortality.

Quality of Life After Orthognathic Surgery in Swedish Patients: A Register-Based Cohort.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of orthognathic surgery on quality of life among Swedish patients.

Materials And Methods: Patients subjected to orthognathic surgery due to dentofacial deformity (DFD) and registered in the National Register of Orthognathic Surgery (NROK) in Sweden between 2017 and 2020 were eligible for inclusion in this study. The Swedish-validated Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (S-OQLQ) was used to evaluate patient quality of life before and after surgery.

Video exposure through virtual reality can improve older people's ability to manage postural instability caused by distortive visual environments.

In older adults, age-related degenerative processes and disorders often degrade some sensory systems more than others, which can make postural control disproportionally dependent on one kind of sensory information. The study aims were to investigate 1) the postural stability when healthy older adults were repeatedly exposed to a video in an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment, and 2) the relationship between stability during VR video exposure and self-reported physical activity, balance confidence, and nausea during VR. Twenty-seven older adults (18 females, mean age 71.

Global Hemostatic Methods to Tailor Treatment With Bypassing Agents in Hemophilia A With Inhibitors- A Single-Center, Pilot Study.

For patients with hemophilia A and high-titer inhibitors treated with bypassing agents there are no reliable methods to assess treatment effect. We investigated the utility of global hemostatic methods in assessing treatment with bypassing agents (rFVIIa or activated prothrombin complex [aPCC]). All patients with hemophilia A and inhibitors followed at the Coagulation Unit or the Pediatric Coagulation Unit at Karolinska University Hospital aged 6 years and above were eligible for this noninterventional study.

The correlation between CpG methylation and gene expression is driven by sequence variants.

Gene promoter and enhancer sequences are bound by transcription factors and are depleted of methylated CpG sites (cytosines preceding guanines in DNA). The absence of methylated CpGs in these sequences typically correlates with increased gene expression, indicating a regulatory role for methylation. We used nanopore sequencing to determine haplotype-specific methylation rates of 15.

Self-Report Tool for Identification of Individuals With Coronary Atherosclerosis: The Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study.

Background: Coronary atherosclerosis detected by imaging is a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk. However, imaging involves large resources and exposure to radiation. The aim was, therefore, to test whether nonimaging data, specifically data that can be self-reported, could be used to identify individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis.

MYCT1 controls environmental sensing in human haematopoietic stem cells.

The processes that govern human haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and engraftment are poorly understood and challenging to recapitulate in culture to reliably expand functional HSCs. Here we identify MYC target 1 (MYCT1; also known as MTLC) as a crucial human HSC regulator that moderates endocytosis and environmental sensing in HSCs. MYCT1 is selectively expressed in undifferentiated human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and endothelial cells but becomes markedly downregulated during HSC culture.