Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Hemiptera: Liviidae) (Asian citrus psyllid) for the EU. is a key pest of citrus in several countries as it is a vector of serious bacterial pathogens, the putative causal agents of Huanglongbing (HLB) also known as citrus greening. Eggs are laid on tips of growing shoots on and between unfurling leaves.

Prehospital lactate levels in blood as a seizure biomarker: A multi-center observational study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the value of prehospital measurement of lactate level in blood for diagnosis of seizures in cases of transient loss of consciousness.

Methods: Between March 2018 and September 2019, prehospital lactate was measured with a point-of-care device by the emergency medical services in an area serving a population of 900 000. A total of 383 cases of transient loss of consciousness were identified and categorized as tonic-clonic seizure (TCS), other seizure, syncope, or other cause, according to the final diagnosis in the electronic medical records system.

Pest categorisation of the non-EU phytoplasmas of tuber-forming spp.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of four phytoplasmas of tuber-forming spp. known to occur only outside the EU or having a limited presence in the EU. The only tuber-forming species of reported to be phytoplasma infected is .

List of non-EU phytoplasmas of tuber-forming spp.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health prepared a list of non-EU phytoplasmas of tuber-forming spp. A systematic literature review and search of databases identified 12 phytoplasmas infecting . These phytoplasmas were assigned to three categories.

Pest categorisation of beet necrotic yellow vein virus.

Following a request from the EU Commission, the Panel on Plant Health performed a categorisation of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), the causal agent of the sugar beet rhizomania disease. The virus is currently listed in Annex III as a protected zone (PZ) quarantine pest of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. The identity of the BNYVV is well established.

Commodity risk assessment of oak logs with bark from the US for the oak wilt pathogen under an integrated systems approach.

The European Commission submitted to the EFSA Panel on Plant Health a Dossier by USDA proposing a systems approach to mitigate the risk of entry of to the EU when trading oak logs with bark from the USA. Due to the forthcoming ban of methyl bromide (MB), the Dossier indicates sulfuryl fluoride (SF) as the substitute fumigant for this commodity. After collecting additional evidence from USDA,EU NPPOs, external experts and the published literature, the Panel performed a quantitative assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom for at the point of entry in the EU, comparing the proposed systems approach with those already implemented by Commission Decision 2005/359/EC.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the Colorado potato beetle, (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for the EU. is primarily known as a major defoliator of potatoes (); feeding damage can result in significant yield loss. Field grown tomatoes and eggplants can be attacked and wild solanaceous species are also hosts.

Swedish snus use is associated with mortality: a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies.

Background: The health consequences of the use of Swedish snus, including its relationship with mortality, have not been fully established. We investigated the relationship between snus use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality (death due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer diseases and all other reasons, respectively) in a nationwide collaborative pooling project.

Methods: We followed 169 103 never-smoking men from eight Swedish cohort studies, recruited in 1978-2010.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for the EU. This subspecies occurs in North and Central America. Adults oviposit on annual plants in the families Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae and Solanaceae.

Qualification for upper secondary education in individuals with autism without intellectual disability: Total population study, Stockholm, Sweden.

Obtaining a quality education is important for any individual's chances of leading a healthy and thriving life. Currently, educational policies in many countries underscore the rights of students with autism to be educated in mainstream schools. While there is some knowledge on school outcomes among students with autism from older studies, little is known about rates of qualification for upper secondary education among children with autism in mainstream schools today.

Pre-hospital predictors of an adverse outcome among patients with dyspnoea as the main symptom assessed by pre-hospital emergency nurses - a retrospective observational study.

Background: Dyspnoea is one of the most common reasons for patients contacting emergency medical services (EMS). Pre-hospital Emergency Nurses (PENs) are independently responsible for advanced care and to meet these patients individual needs. Patients with dyspnoea constitute a complex group, with multiple different final diagnoses and with a high risk of death.

Difficulties in the prehospital assessment of patients with TIA/stroke.

Background: In patients with TIA/stroke, early assessment is critical.

Aim: To describe patients who were not directly transported to hospital by ambulance after prehospital assessment.

Methods: Patients hospitalized with TIA/stroke in Gothenburg, Data were obtained from the EMS and hospital case record system.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for the EU. This species occurs in western USA and Mexico. Adults oviposit on annual plants in the families Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae and Solanaceae.

The association between birth by cesarean section and adolescent cardiorespiratory fitness in a cohort of 339,451 Swedish males.

Birth by cesarean section is increasing worldwide and associates with offspring morbidities capable of adversely impacting cardiorespiratory fitness later in life. Whether birth by cesarean section associates with lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness later in life is unknown and is of interest to public health. Four Swedish national registers were linked to follow 339,451 singleton males, born between 1973-1987 until December 31 2005, for Watt-maximum achieved on a cycle ergometer test at conscription into the Swedish military.

The Familial Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder with and without Intellectual Disability.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is highly heritable, yet how its familial risk and heritability may vary by cognitive ability is not well understood. In this population-based cohort study, we examined the familial risk and heritability of ASD with and without co-occurring intellectual disability (ID). We estimated odds ratios and heritability of ASD with ID (ASD+ID) and ASD without ID (ASD-ID) using register-based diagnosis data of 567,436 index persons born in 1984-2009 in Stockholm County, Sweden, and their parents, siblings, cousins, aunts, and uncles.

Preschool environment and preschool teacher's physical activity and their association with children's activity levels at preschool.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between preschool playground size, formalized physical activity (PA) policies, time spent outdoors and preschool teacher's levels of PA and children's objectively assessed levels of PA and sedentary time (ST) during preschool hours.

Methods: In total, 369 children and 84 preschool teachers from 27 preschools in Södermalm municipally, Stockholm Sweden wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer during 7 consecutive days. Preschool environmental and structural characteristics were measured via the Environment and Policy Evaluation Self-Report (EPAO-SR) instrument and time in- and outdoors was recorded by preschool teachers during the PA measurements.

Migration or ethnic minority status and risk of autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability: systematic review.

Background: There is an emerging evidence that the migration and the ethnic minority status are associated with the risks of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). This systematic review aimed to investigate whether associations are specific to ASD or ID; whether and which migration-related or ethnically determined factors are associated with the risk of ASD and ID; and what mechanisms may explain these risks.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using Embase, Medline and PsycINFO for studies reporting on the risks of ASD and/or ID among migrants, descendants of migrants and/or ethnic minorities.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Hemiptera: Rhizoecidae) for the EU. occurs in Japan, China and Taiwan and has spread to the USA: Florida, Hawaii and the territory of Puerto Rico. is a polyphagous mealybug recorded feeding on roots of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the EU territory. is a polyphagous pest reported to feed on 385 plant species; cultivated hosts include alfalfa, beans, brassicas, carrots, clover, onions, peas, potatoes and soft fruits. is native to eastern South America.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Coleoptera: Rutelidae) (Oriental beetle) for the EU. Larvae feed on the roots of a variety of hosts including most grasses and many vegetable crops. Maize, pineapples, sugarcane are among the main host plants.

Commodity risk assessment of plants from Israel.

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health was requested to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in the relevant Implementing Acts as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects' [Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 establishing a provisional list of high risk plants, plant products or other objects, within the meaning of Article 42 of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031]. The current Scientific Opinion covers all plant health risks posed by bare rooted plants for planting of (1 year old with a stem diameter of less than 2.5 cm) imported from Israel, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Israel by 26 December 2019.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Diptera: Agromyzidae) for the EU. (the tomato leaf miner; EPPO code: LIRIBO) is a polyphagous Palaearctic species which probably originates from southern Europe, where it occurs commonly outdoors and has now spread to many parts of central and northern Europe, where it is only found in greenhouses. The species is also reported in North Africa and in several countries in Asia.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Diptera: Agromyzidae) for the EU. (the cabbage or vegetable leaf miner; EPPO code: LIRISA) is a polyphagous pest native to the Americas which has spread to Africa, Asia and Oceania. can have multiple overlapping generations per year.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Malloch) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) for the European Union (EU). is an oligophagous pest; cultivated hosts include , lettuce and other Asteraceae although there is little evidence of recent impacts. occurs widely in the Americas and is present on the island of Madeira (Portugal), where it is under official control.

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with dyspnoea as the main symptom, assessed by prehospital emergency nurses- a retrospective observational study.

Background: Dyspnoea (breathing difficulty) is among the most commonly cited reasons for contacting emergency medical services (EMSs). Dyspnoea is caused by several serious underlying medical conditions and, based on patients individual needs and complex illnesses or injuries, ambulance staff are independently responsible for advanced care provision. Few large-scale prehospital studies have reviewed patients with dyspnoea.