Development and validation of a gonadotropin dose selection model for optimized ovarian stimulation in IVF/ICSI: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: The ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation varies widely among women, and could impact the probability of live birth as well as treatment risks. Many studies have evaluated the impact of different gonadotropin starting doses, mainly based on predictive variables like ovarian reserve tests (ORT) including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), and basal follicle-stimulating hormone (bFSH). A Cochrane systematic review revealed that individualizing the gonadotropin starting dose does not affect efficacy in terms of ongoing pregnancy/live birth rates, but may reduce treatment risks such as the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

triggers microglia activation and neurodegenerative processes through NOX4.

Periodontitis and infections with periodontal bacteria have been highlighted as risk factors for dementia. In recent years, attention has been drawn to the role of microglia cells in neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is limited knowledge of the influence of periodontal bacteria on microglia cells.

Limiting access to assisted reproductive technologies for males of advanced age-Pros and cons from a Nordic perspective.

It is not controversial to state that parental age is increasing in several countries. But how to deal with this increase might be. Some Nordic countries have set an upper age limit for females seeking assisted reproduction in their national legislation, but none have done so for males.

Alcohol and drug use in adults younger than 60 years with hip fracture - A comparison of validated instruments and the clinical eye: A prospective multicenter cohort study of 218 patients.

Background: It is a common preconception that young individuals sustaining hip fractures have alcohol and/or drug use disorder. It is important to evaluate the actual use to avoid complications and plan the rehabilitation.

Aim: The primary objective was to assess alcohol and drug consumption in hip fracture patients <60 years using the validated Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) scores.

Gut microbiota differences in five-year-old children that were born preterm with a history of necrotizing enterocolitis: A pilot trial.

The study explores the long-term effects of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) on gut microbiota in preterm infants by analyzing stool samples from 5-year-old children using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. It compares children with a history of NEC, treated surgically or medically, to preterm controls without NEC. Findings reveal persistent gut microbiota dysbiosis in NEC children, with reduced species diversity and evenness, especially in those treated surgically.

Effects of orthognathic surgery on respiratory function during sleep: A prospective longitudinal study.

When treating patients with orthognathic surgery, there might be a risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) due to soft tissue changes in the upper airways, especially in patients treated with isolated mandibular setback or mandibular setback in combination with maxillary advancement. In the present study, we assessed respiratory function during sleep with home cardiorespiratory polygraphy in 62 patients who had not been previously been diagnosed with OSA at three times: prior to orthognathic surgery for aesthetic and functional indications, and then 3 months and 1 year after surgery. We evaluated surgical displacement based on measurements in three dimensions using pre- and post-operative computed tomography.

Interactions between the Exocrine and the Endocrine Pancreas.

The pancreas has two main functions: to produce and secrete digestive enzymes (exocrine function) and to produce hormones that regulate blood glucose and splanchnic secretion (endocrine function). The endocrine and exocrine portions of the pancreas are central regulators in digestion and metabolism, with continuous crosstalk between their deeply interconnected components, which plays a role in disease. Pancreatic neoplasms, inflammation, trauma, and surgery can lead to the development of type 3c diabetes when an insult simultaneously damages both acini and islets, leading to exocrine and endocrine dysfunction.

Endometrial preparation protocols prior to frozen embryo transfer - convenience or safety?

The number of frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles is increasing rapidly worldwide. Different endometrial preparations for FET result in comparable live birth rates. However, several recent publications have reported higher maternal risks for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), pre-eclampsia and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in programmed cycles (PC-FET) compared with natural cycles and modified natural cycles with an intact corpus luteum.

Combined clarification and affinity capture using magnetic resin enables efficient separation of rAAV5 from cell lysate.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have displayed enormous potential as a platform for delivery of gene therapies. Purification of rAAV at industrial scale involves a series of elaborate, material, and time-consuming midstream steps, such as clarification by depth filtration and concentration/buffer exchange by tangential flow filtration. In this study, we developed a filter-less flow capture method for purification of rAAV serotype 5, using a high-gradient magnetic separator and magnetic Mag Sepharose beads coupled to an AVB affinity ligand.

Does the kidney actually swell during an acute urinary tract obstruction?

Background: The appearance of renal swelling during an acute obstruction of the urinary tract could be caused by hydronephrosis or an increase of the parenchymal volume. To the best of our knowledge no studies have been performed regarding renal parenchymal volume change during an acute urinary tract obstruction.

Purpose: To investigate the change in renal parenchymal volume during an acute urinary tract obstruction and to correlate any such volume change to the degree of secondary signs of obstruction.

Determining the linear correlation between dielectric spectroscopy and viable biomass concentration in filamentous fungal fermentations.

Objectives: Dielectric spectroscopy is commonly used for online monitoring of biomass growth. It is however not utilized for biomass concentration measurements due to poor correlation with Cell Dry Weight (CDW). A calibration methodology is developed that can directly measure viable biomass concentration in a commercial filamentous process using dielectric values, without recourse to independent and challenging viability determinations.

Non-surgical treatment of mild to moderate peri-implantitis with an oscillating chitosan brush or a titanium curette-12-month follow-up of a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: To study clinical and radiographic outcomes after non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using either an oscillating chitosan brush (OCB) or titanium curette (TC) and to observe changes in clinical signs of inflammation after repeated treatment.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with dental implants (n = 39) presented with radiographic bone level (RBL) of 2-4 mm, bleeding index (BI) ≥ 2, and probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm were randomly assigned to mechanical debridement with OCB (test) or TC (control). Treatment was performed at baseline and repeated at 3, 6, and 9 months in cases with > 1 implant site with BI ≥ 1 and PPD≥4 mm.

Non-surgical treatment of mild to moderate peri-implantitis using an oscillating chitosan brush or a titanium curette-A randomized multicentre controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: This prospective, parallel-group, examiner-blinded, multicentre, randomized, controlled clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy of an oscillating chitosan brush (OCB) versus titanium curettes (TC) on clinical parameters in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis.

Material And Methods: In five dental specialist clinics, 39 patients with one implant with mild to moderate peri-implantitis, defined as 2-4 mm radiographic reduced bone level, bleeding index (BI) ≥ 2, and probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm were randomly allocated to test and control groups, receiving OCB or TC debridement, respectively. Treatment was performed at baseline and three months.

Body composition and bone mass among 5-year-old survivors of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) affects the intestine of preterm infants. Preterm infants risk inadequate bone mineralization. This risk may increase if the intestinal uptake of minerals is affected after NEC.

Patient compliance with Twin Block appliance during treatment of Class II malocclusion: a randomized controlled trial on two check-up prescriptions.

Background: Compliance is crucial for the treatment outcome with removable appliances. Previous studies on treatment with the Twin Block appliance have focused on effectiveness in relation to other treatment methods or wear-time. Studies on different check-up intervals to improve compliance seem to be lacking.

Vaginal progesterone as luteal phase support in natural cycle frozen-thawed embryo transfer (ProFET): protocol for a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Vaginal progesterone supplementation is frequently given to patients receiving frozen embryo transfer (FET) in the natural cycle aiming to increase the chance of pregnancy and live birth. To date, only a few studies have investigated if progesterone supplementation is beneficial in these cycles and the level of evidence for progesterone supplementation is very low.

Methods And Analysis: The ProFET trial is a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial powered for this investigation, including 1800 women with regular menstrual cycles (24-35 days), aged 18-43 years planned for natural cycle-FET receiving a single blastocyst for transfer.

Obstetric and perinatal risks after the use of donor sperm: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Donor sperm is widely used in infertility treatments. The purpose of the study was to investigate, whether use of donor sperm in intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments affect maternal and perinatal risks compared with spontaneously conceived pregnancies or use of partner sperm in IUI, IVF or ICSI. We provide a systematic review and meta-analyses on the most clinically relevant obstetric and perinatal outcomes after use of donor sperm compared with partner sperm: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preeclampsia, low birth weight, and preterm birth.

In vitro CT visualization of the biopsy location by filling the core biopsy needle with contrast media.

Background: When performing computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy procedures with non-disposable, automatic biopsy instruments, the actual course of the biopsy needle is not registered.

Purpose: To evaluate the ability to visualize the sampling location after CT-guided biopsy in vitro using a novel method, where the space between the inner needle and the outer cannula in a core biopsy needle is filled with contrast media; and to compare the grade of visibility for two different concentrations of contrast media.

Material And Methods: Core needle biopsies were performed in a tissue phantom using biopsy needles primed with two different iodine contrast media concentrations (140 mg I/mL and 400 mg I/mL).

Addition of benzylpenicillin to antibiotic prophylaxis reduces deep sternal wound infection after cardiac surgery.

Objectives: In Sweden, cloxacillin is recommended as the sole antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infections after cardiac surgery. , formerly , has been shown to be present in the surgical wound. Formerly an overlooked pathogen, there are increasing reports that can cause surgical site infections, including sternal wound infections.

The Association Between High Birth Weight and Long-Term Outcomes-Implications for Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Studies have shown that the prevalence of children born with high birth weight or large for gestational age (LGA) is increasing. This is true for spontaneous pregnancies; however, children born after frozen embryo transfer (FET) as part of assisted reproductive technology (ART) also have an elevated risk. In recent years, the practice of FET has increased rapidly and while the perinatal and obstetric risks are well-studied, less is known about the long-term health consequences.

Cumulative live birth rate after IVF: trend over time and the impact of blastocyst culture and vitrification.

Study Question: Has cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) improved over time and which factors are associated with such an improvement?

Summary Answer: During an 11-year period, 2007-2017, CLBR per oocyte aspiration increased significantly, from 27.0% to 36.3%, in parallel with an increase in blastocyst transfer and cryopreservation by vitrification.

Open vs closed surgical exposure of palatally displaced canines: a comparison of clinical and patient-reported outcomes-a multicentre, randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To compare treatment time, patients' perceptions during orthodontic treatment, dental fear and side effects, between open and closed surgical exposures in patients with palatally displaced canines (PDCs).

Trial Design: Multicentre, randomized controlled trial, with random 1:1 allocation of two parallel groups.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and twenty patients from three different orthodontic centres were randomized into one of the two intervention arms, open or closed surgical exposure.

Sensory white noise improves reading skills and memory recall in children with reading disability.

Background: Reading disability (RD) is characterized by slow and inaccurate word reading development, commonly reflecting underlying phonological problems. We have previously shown that exposure to white noise acutely improves cognitive performance in children with ADHD. The question addressed here is whether white noise exposure yields positive outcomes also for RD.