Is Femoral Head to Acetabular Cup Ratio Associated With Dislocation After Total Hip Arthroplasty?

Background: Dislocation remains a common complication following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Previous literature has shown that the femoral head-to-neck ratio is essential in hip motion, function, and stability. While large femoral heads and dual mobility bearings have been developed to improve stability, it remains unknown if the ratio between femoral head size to acetabular cup size also plays a role in stability.

Canal Fill Ratio in Hemiarthroplasty Compared to Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Control Study.

Background: Cementless stems are commonly used in hemiarthroplasty (HA) for femoral neck fractures. Recent studies have reported increased risk of periprosthetic fracture with cementless stems compared to cemented HA. In elective total hip arthroplasty (THA), lower proximal canal fill ratios (CFR) of cementless stems have been associated with worse outcomes.

Exposure to the Polychlorinated biphenyl mixture Aroclor 1254 elicits neurological and cardiac developmental effects in early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio).

The goal of this study was to compare the bioaccumulation of the PCB mixture Aroclor 1254 in zebrafish to cardiac and neurologic outcomes. The establishment of effect concentrations (ECs) for cardiac and neurotoxic effects of PCBs in early life stage fish is challenging due to a lack of measured PCB concentrations in test media (e.g.

Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid (PFHxS) Induces Hepatotoxicity through the PPAR Signaling Pathway in Larval Zebrafish ().

In recent years, the industrial substitution of long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with short-chain alternatives has become increasingly prevalent, resulting in the widespread environmental detection of perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), a short-chain PFAS. However, there remains limited information about the potential adverse effects of PFHxS at environmental concentrations to wildlife. Here, early life stage zebrafish () were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of PFHxS to better characterize the adverse effects of PFHxS on aquatic organisms.

Simple Recurrent Networks are Interactive.

There is disagreement among cognitive scientists as to whether a key computational framework - the Simple Recurrent Network (SRN; Elman, Machine Learning, 7(2), 195-225, 1991; Elman, Cognitive Science, 14(2), 179-211, 1990) - is a feedforward system. SRNs have been essential tools in advancing theories of learning, development, and processing in cognitive science for more than three decades. If SRNs were feedforward systems, there would be pervasive theoretical implications: Anything an SRN can do would therefore be explainable without interaction (feedback).

Establishing Clinically Significant Improvement for Patients After Arthroscopic Surgery for Shoulder Instability With Large Labral Tears.

Background: Patients with large labral tears represent a subset of traumatic shoulder instability cases. Outcomes after arthroscopic stabilization in these patients have been studied less compared with other tears.

Purpose: To establish minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and substantial clinical benefit (SCB) thresholds for patients after arthroscopic repair of labral tears ≥270°.

Oscillatory drive is increased and steadiness is impaired when torque but not EMG is matched during a fatiguing contraction.

The increasing descending drive needed to sustain submaximal isometric torque makes it difficult to isolate fatigue-related changes to neural excitability because evoked electromyography (EMG) responses are influenced by the relative activation of the motoneuron pool. Hence, it is becoming increasingly common to investigate fatigue using a sustained contraction with maintained output from the motoneuron pool; i.e.

Mixed and membrane-separated culturing of synthetic cyanobacteria-yeast consortia reveals metabolic cross-talk mimicking natural cyanolichens.

Metabolite exchange mediates crucial interactions in microbial communities, significantly impacting global carbon and nitrogen cycling. Understanding these chemically-mediated interactions is essential for elucidating natural community functions and developing engineered synthetic communities. This study investigated membrane-separated bioreactors (mBRs) as a novel tool to identify transient metabolites and their producers/consumers in mixed microbial communities.

Corn stover variability drives differences in bisabolene production by engineered Rhodotorula toruloides.

Unlabelled: Microbial conversion of lignocellulosic biomass represents an alternative route for production of biofuels and bioproducts. While researchers have mostly focused on engineering strains such as Rhodotorula toruloides for better bisabolene production as a sustainable aviation fuel, less is known about the impact of the feedstock heterogeneity on bisabolene production. Critical material attributes like feedstock composition, nutritional content, and inhibitory compounds can all influence bioconversion.

Immunotoxic response of bio-based plastic on early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio): A safe alternative to petroleum-based plastics?

Bio-based plastics are marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-based plastics, although they require specific composting conditions for degradation, which leads to their accumulation in the environment and potential risks to aquatic organisms. We hypothesized that the accumulation of bio-based plastics may induce immunotoxic responses in fish. Our research focused on the accumulation and immunotoxicity of 80 nm polylactic acid (PLA) and polystyrene (PS) (0.

Prognostic Significance of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: The prognostic significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has garnered considerable attention due to the increasing reliance on HPV status for clinical decision-making. This study aimed to compare the survival outcomes associated with different HPV genotypes in patients with OPSCC relative to HPV-negative tumors, providing insights into the potential implications for treatment de-intensification strategies.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with invasive OPSCC were included from the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Safety and Postoperative Outcomes of Transoral Surgery for Oropharyngeal Carcinoma in Older Adults.

Importance: Transoral surgery (TOS) has become the primary surgical treatment for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). However, despite the increasing incidence of OPSCC in older patients, data regarding the safety and postoperative outcomes of TOS in this subgroup are lacking.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and postoperative outcomes of TOS in patients with OPSCC aged 70 years or older compared with younger individuals.

Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid (PFHxS) Impairs Lipid Homeostasis in Zebrafish Larvae through Activation of PPARα.

Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), an emerging short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance, has been frequently detected in aquatic environments. Adverse outcome pathway studies have shown that perfluorinated compounds impair lipid homeostasis through peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs). However, many of these studies were performed at high concentrations and may thus be a result of overt toxicity.

Perfluorooctane Sulfonamide Induced Autotoxic Effects on the Zebrafish Immune System.

Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) is an immediate perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) precursor (PreFOS). Previous studies have shown PFOSA to induce stronger toxic responses compared to other perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). However, the specific nature of PFOSA-induced toxicity, whether autonomous or mediated by its metabolite PFOS, has not been fully elucidated.

Do They Know It's Christmash? Lexical Knowledge Directly Impacts Speech Perception.

We recently reported strong, replicable (i.e., replicated) evidence for lexically mediated compensation for coarticulation (LCfC; Luthra et al.

Lexical Feedback in the Time-Invariant String Kernel (TISK) Model of Spoken Word Recognition.

The Time-Invariant String Kernel (TISK) model of spoken word recognition (Hannagan, Magnuson & Grainger, 2013; You & Magnuson, 2018) is an interactive activation model with many similarities to TRACE (McClelland & Elman, 1986). However, by replacing most time-specific nodes in TRACE with time-invariant open-diphone nodes, TISK uses orders of magnitude fewer nodes and connections than TRACE. Although TISK performed remarkably similarly to TRACE in simulations reported by Hannagan et al.

Genome-scale model development and genomic sequencing of the oleaginous clade .

The clade contains oleaginous yeast species with advantageous metabolic features for biochemical and biofuel production. Limited knowledge about the metabolic networks of the species and limited tools for genetic engineering have led to a relatively small amount of research on the microbes. Here, a genome-scale metabolic model (GSM) of NRRL Y-11557 was built using orthologous protein mappings to model yeast species.

Differential Modulation of Motor Unit Behavior When a Fatiguing Contraction Is Matched for Torque versus EMG.

Introduction: When an isometric contraction is sustained at a submaximal torque, activation of the motoneuron pool increases, making it difficult to interpret neural excitability alterations. Thus, more recently, isometric contractions with maintained electromyographic (EMG) activity (matched-EMG) are being used to induce fatigue; however, little is known about the neurophysiological adjustments that occur to satisfy the requirements of the task.

Methods: For our study, 16 participants performed a 10-min sustained isometric elbow flexion contraction at 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque or the level of integrated biceps brachii EMG recorded at 20% MVC torque.

The Roles of Diet and Habitat Use in Pesticide Bioaccumulation by Juvenile Chinook Salmon: Insights from Stable Isotopes and Fatty Acid Biomarkers.

Stable isotopes (SI) and fatty acid (FA) biomarkers can provide insights regarding trophic pathways and habitats associated with contaminant bioaccumulation. We assessed relationships between SI and FA biomarkers and published data on concentrations of two pesticides [dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and degradation products (DDX) and bifenthrin] in juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from the Sacramento River and Yolo Bypass floodplain in Northern California near Sacramento. We also conducted SI and FA analyses of zooplankton and macroinvertebrates to determine whether particular trophic pathways and habitats were associated with elevated pesticide concentrations in fish.