Multiple aspects of sexual orientation: prevalence and sociodemographic correlates in a New Zealand national survey.

Sexual orientation consists of multiple components. This study investigated both sexual identity and same-sex sexual behavior. Data came from the New Zealand Mental Health Survey, a nationally representative community sample of New Zealanders aged 16 years or older, interviewed face-to-face (N = 12,992, 48% male).

Bipolar disorder with frequent mood episodes in the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Background: Rapid cycling bipolar disorder has been studied almost exclusively in clinical samples.

Methods: A national cross-sectional survey in 2003-2004 in New Zealand used the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0).

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare two versions of the Kessler 10-item scale (K10), as measures of population mental health status in New Zealand.

Method: A nationwide household survey of residents aged > or = 16 years was carried out between 2003 and 2004. The World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.

Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease: selective neocortical loss of t-SNARE proteins and loss of MAP2 and alpha-synuclein in medial temporal lobe.

Lewy bodies (LBs) appear in the brains of nondemented individuals and also occur in a range of neurodegenerative disorders, such as dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease. A number of people with a definite diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) also exhibit these intraneuronal inclusions in allo- and/or neocortical areas. The latter, referred to as Lewy body variant of AD (LBV), bears a clinical resemblance to AD in terms of age at onset, duration of illness, cognitive impairment, and illness severity.

Onset and lifetime use of drugs in New Zealand: results from Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey 2003-2004.

Introduction And Aims: Onset and lifetime use of drugs have not previously been reported for all adult ages in New Zealand. This paper reports such results and, for people born in New Zealand, compares age of onset across ethnic groups.

Design And Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2003-2004, with oversampling of Māori and Pacific people.

Violations of the usual sequence of drug initiation: prevalence and associations with the development of dependence in the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: For 3 decades, studies have reported that the usual sequence of drug initiation is licit drugs, then cannabis, and then other illicit drugs. This article describes the prevalence of violations of this sequence, the predictors of violations, and the relationship between violations and the onset of alcohol or drug dependence.

Method: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey is a nationally representative sample with 12,992 face-to-face interviews carried out in 2003-2004.

Variable size computer-aided detection prompts and mammography film reader decisions.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of computer-aided detection (CAD) prompts on reader behaviour in a large sample of breast screening mammograms by analysing the relationship of the presence and size of prompts to the recall decision.

Methods: Local research ethics committee approval was obtained; informed consent was not required. Mammograms were obtained from women attending routine mammography at two breast screening centres in 1996.

Visually assessed breast density, breast cancer risk and the importance of the craniocaudal view.

Introduction: Mammographic density is known to be a strong risk factor for breast cancer. A particularly strong association with risk has been observed when density is measured using interactive threshold software. This, however, is a labour-intensive process for large-scale studies.

Obesity and mental disorders in the adult general population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate (i) the associations between mental disorders (in particular the anxiety disorders) and obesity in the general population and (ii) potential moderators of those associations (ethnicity, age, sex, and education).

Methods: A nationally representative face-to-face household survey was conducted in New Zealand with 12,992 participants 16 years and older, achieving a response rate of 73.3%.

Mental-physical comorbidity in an ethnically diverse population.

The relationship between mental disorders and chronic physical conditions is well established, but the possibility of ethnic group differences in mental-physical associations has seldom been investigated. This study investigated ethnic differences in associations between four physical conditions (chronic pain, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and respiratory disease) and 12-month mood and anxiety disorders. A nationally representative face-to-face household survey was carried out in New Zealand from 2003 to 2004 with 12,992 participants aged 16 and older, achieving a response rate of 73.

Single reading with computer-aided detection and double reading of screening mammograms in the United Kingdom National Breast Screening Program.

Purpose: To retrospectively determine if the use of a computer-aided detection (CAD) system can improve the performance of single reading of screening mammograms to match that of double reading in the United Kingdom.

Materials And Methods: Local research ethics committee approval was obtained; informed consent was not required. This study included a sample of 10 267 mammograms obtained in women aged 50 years or older who underwent routine screening at one of two breast screening centers in 1996.

Prevalence of mental disorders among Māori in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of mental disorders (period prevalence across aggregated disorders, 12 month and lifetime prevalence) among Māori in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Method: Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey, undertaken between 2003 and 2004, was a nationally representative face-to-face household survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 years and over, including 2,595 Māori. Ethnicity was measured using the 2001 New Zealand census ethnicity question.

Ethnic comparisons of the 12 month prevalence of mental disorders and treatment contact in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To compare ethnic groups for the 12 month prevalence of mental disorders and 12 month treatment contact in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Method: Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey, undertaken in 2003 and 2004, was a nationally representative face-to-face household survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 years and over, including Māori (n = 2595), Pacific people (n = 2236) and a composite Other ethnic group (predominantly European) (n = 8161). Ethnicity was measured using the 2001 census ethnicity question.

Disability in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To show the disability associated with 1 month mental disorders and chronic physical conditions for the New Zealand population, controlling for comorbidity, age and sex.

Method: A nationally representative face-to-face household survey was carried out from October 2003 to December 2004 with 12,992 participants aged 16 years and over, achieving a response rate of 73.3%.

Mental-physical comorbidity in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of chronic physical conditions, and the risk factors for those conditions, among those with 12 month mental disorder; to estimate the prevalence of 12 month mental disorder among those with chronic physical conditions.

Method: A nationally representative face-to-face household survey was carried out in October 2003 to December 2004 with 12,992 participants aged 16 years and over, achieving a response rate of 73.3%.

Lifetime prevalence and projected lifetime risk of DSM-IV disorders in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To estimate the lifetime prevalence and projected lifetime risk at age 75 years of DSM-IV disorders in New Zealand.

Method: A nationwide face-to-face household survey carried out in 2003-2004. A fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.

Twelve-month and lifetime health service use in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To estimate the 12 month and lifetime use of health services for mental health problems.

Method: A nationwide face-to-face household survey carried out in 2003-2004. A fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.

Prevalence, interference with life and severity of 12 month DSM-IV disorders in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To estimate the 12 month prevalence of DSM-IV disorders in New Zealand, and associated interference with life and severity.

Method: A nationally representative face-to-face household survey carried out in 2003-2004. A fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.

Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey: overview of methods and findings.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and severity of anxiety, mood, substance and eating disorders in New Zealand, and associated disability and treatment.

Method: A nationwide face-to-face household survey of residents aged 16 years and over was undertaken between 2003 and 2004. Lay interviewers administered a computerized fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.

The effects of an open design on trial participant recruitment, compliance and retention--a randomized controlled trial comparison with a blinded, placebo-controlled design.

Background: In randomized trials there may be no overriding reason whether or not to have a placebo control.

Purpose: We assessed the effects of an open trial design (no placebo and people know what tablets they are given) compared with a blinded, placebo-controlled design on recruitment, compliance and retention within a randomized trial of secondary osteoporotic fracture prevention.

Methods: We undertook a randomized controlled comparison nested within a placebo-controlled trial of nutritional supplementation amongst people aged 70 years or over who had previously sustained a fracture, recruited in a UK teaching hospital.