Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and falls in older adults: A population-based study.

Aim: The present study investigated the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and episodes and severity of falls in older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study drew on data from the Brazilian 2019 National Health Survey. The sample consisted of 18 991 older adults (aged ≥60 years).

Sleep duration and quality during the COVID-19 pandemic and the association with physical activity and screen time among Brazilian college students.

Background: As a result of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in sleep patterns have been observed in many countries, as well as changes in physical activity and screen time. The objective was to investigate sleep duration and quality during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with physical activity and screen time.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with students from a University in Rio de Janeiro who answered an online questionnaire between August 2020 and March 2021.

A multicomponent family intervention, combined with salt reduction for children with obesity: a factorial randomized study protocol.

Background: Clinical trials to treat childhood obesity show modest results, weight regain and high dropout rates. Children with obesity often live in families with habits that contribute to unhealthy weight gain. This study will test whether a family intervention with a Brazilian-adapted Planetary Healthy Diet (PHD) and reduced portion sizes, along with increased physical activity and reduced sedentary behavior, can reduce excessive weight gain.

Putative link between Polo-like kinases (PLKs) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in transformed and primary human immune cells.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important sentinels of bacterial and viral infection and thus fulfil a critical sensory role in innate immunity. Polo-like kinases (PLKs), a five membered family of Ser/Thr protein kinases, have long been studied for their role in mitosis and thus represent attractive therapeutic targets in cancer therapy. Recently, PLKs were implicated in TLR signaling in mice but the role of PLKs in TLR signaling in untransformed primary immune cells has not been addressed, even though PLK inhibitors are in clinical trials.

Isoniazid-induced control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by primary human cells requires interleukin-1 receptor and tumor necrosis factor.

Proinflammatory cytokines are critical mediators that control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth during active tuberculosis (ATB). To further inhibit bacterial proliferation in diseased individuals, drug inhibitors of cell wall synthesis such as isoniazid (INH) are employed. However, whether INH presents an indirect effect on bacterial growth by regulating host cytokines during ATB is not well known.

CD11b expression on polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with ankylosing spondylitis in a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated whole blood ex vivo model.

Aim: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that compromises the axial skeleton, causing pain and disability. The involved mechanisms are not completely understood, but evidence suggests a role of the gut microbiota in eliciting innate immune responses. We conducted an experimental study to determine if AS patients exhibit an enhanced inflammatory response to microbial compounds.