Promoting interoperability between SNOMED CT and ICD-11: lessons learned from the pilot project mapping between SNOMED CT and the ICD-11 Foundation.

Objective: To explore the feasibility and challenges of mapping between SNOMED CT and the ICD-11 Foundation in both directions, SNOMED International and the World Health Organization conducted a pilot mapping project between September 2021 and August 2022.

Materials And Methods: Phase 1 mapped ICD-11 Foundation entities from the endocrine diseases chapter, excluding malignant neoplasms, to SNOMED CT. In phase 2, SNOMED CT concepts equivalent to those covered by the ICD-11 entities in phase 1 were mapped to the ICD-11 Foundation.

Structural Basis for the Different Mechanical Behaviors of Two Chemically Analogous, Carbohydrate-Derived Thermosets.

Two renewable, structurally analogous monomers, isosorbide undecenoate (IU) and glucarodilactone undecenoate (GDLU) reacted with pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETT) via thiol-ene photopolymerization to form IU-PETT and GDLU-PETT thermosets. Despite their chemical similarity, uniaxial tensile testing showed that GDLU-PETT exhibited a strain-hardening behavior and is significantly tougher than IU-PETT. To understand this observation, in situ tensile testing and wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments (WAXS) were conducted.

Genome-centric resolution of novel microbial lineages in an excavated Centrosaurus dinosaur fossil bone from the Late Cretaceous of North America.

Background: Exceptional preservation of endogenous organics such as collagens and blood vessels has been frequently reported in Mesozoic dinosaur fossils. The persistence of these soft tissues in Mesozoic fossil bones has been challenged because of the susceptibility of proteins to degradation and because bone porosity allows microorganisms to colonize the inner microenvironments through geological time. Although protein lability has been studied extensively, the genomic diversity of microbiomes in dinosaur fossil bones and their potential roles in bone taphonomy remain underexplored.

Association of technologically assisted integrated care with clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong using the prospective JADE Program: A retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: Diabetes outcomes are influenced by host factors, settings, and care processes. We examined the association of data-driven integrated care assisted by information and communications technology (ICT) with clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes in public and private healthcare settings.

Methods And Findings: The web-based Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) platform provides a protocol to guide data collection for issuing a personalized JADE report including risk categories (1-4, low-high), 5-year probabilities of cardiovascular-renal events, and trends and targets of 4 risk factors with tailored decision support.

Thaumarchaea Genome Sequences from a High Arctic Active Layer.

The role of archaeal ammonia oxidizers often exceeds that of bacterial ammonia oxidizers in marine and terrestrial environments but has been understudied in permafrost, where thawing has the potential to release ammonia. Here, three thaumarchaea genomes were assembled and annotated from metagenomic data sets from carbon-poor Canadian High Arctic active-layer cryosols.

The Discovery of Twenty-Eight New Encapsulin Sequences, Including Three in Anammox Bacteria.

Many prokaryotes encode protein-based encapsulin nanocompartments, including anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. This study expands the list of known anammox encapsulin systems from freshwater species to include the marine genus Scalindua. Two novel systems, identified in "Candidatus Scalindua rubra" and "Candidatus Scalindua sp.

The genome of a subterrestrial nematode reveals adaptations to heat.

The nematode Halicephalobus mephisto was originally discovered inhabiting a deep terrestrial aquifer 1.3 km underground. H.

Metagenome-Assembled Genome of USCα AHI, a Potential High-Affinity Methanotroph from Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic.

Metagenomic sequencing of active-layer cryosols from the Canadian High Arctic has yielded a nearly complete genome for an atmospheric CH-oxidizing bacterium belonging to upland soil cluster α (USCα). This genome contains genes involved in CH metabolism, H metabolism, and multiple carbon assimilation pathways.

Successful Implementation of Terminology Binding in Hong Kong Hospital Authority.

Terminology binding has been adopted in Hong Kong Hospital Authority to link terminology component to clinical information models. This linkage facilitates structured data capturing and streamlines clinical workflow. With information models and data representation standards in place, data interoperability and data integration can be maintained for seamless patient care delivery.

Aspartic acid racemization constrains long-term viability and longevity of endospores.

Certain microorganisms survive long periods of time as endospores to cope with adverse conditions. Since endospores are metabolically inactive, the extent of aspartic acid (Asp) racemization will increase over time and might kill the spores by preventing their germination. Therefore, understanding the relationship between endospore survivability and Asp racemization is important for constraining the long-term survivability and global dispersion of spore-forming bacteria in nature.

Predominance of Anaerobic, Spore-Forming Bacteria in Metabolically Active Microbial Communities from Ancient Siberian Permafrost.

The prevalence of microbial life in permafrost up to several million years (Ma) old has been well documented. However, the long-term survivability, evolution, and metabolic activity of the entombed microbes over this time span remain underexplored. We integrated aspartic acid (Asp) racemization assays with metagenomic sequencing to characterize the microbial activity, phylogenetic diversity, and metabolic functions of indigenous microbial communities across a ∼0.

Uncultured Nitrospina-like species are major nitrite oxidizing bacteria in oxygen minimum zones.

Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are marine regions where O is undetectable at intermediate depths. Within OMZs, the oxygen-depleted zone (ODZ) induces anaerobic microbial processes that lead to fixed nitrogen loss via denitrification and anammox. Surprisingly, nitrite oxidation is also detected in ODZs, although all known marine nitrite oxidizers (mainly Nitrospina) are aerobes.

Draft Genome Sequence of " Bathyarchaeota" Archaeon BE326-BA-RLH, an Uncultured Denitrifier and Putative Anaerobic Methanotroph from South Africa's Deep Continental Biosphere.

Metagenomic sequencing of fracture fluid from South Africa recovered a nearly complete " Bathyarchaeota" archaeon genome. The metagenome-assembled genome of BE326-BA-RLH contains genes involved in methane metabolism and dissimilatory nitrate reduction. This study presents the first genomic evidence for potential anaerobic methane oxidation in the phylum " Bathyarchaeota.

Stochastic and Deterministic Effects of a Moisture Gradient on Soil Microbial Communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica.

Antarctic soil supports surface microbial communities that are dependent on ephemeral moisture. Understanding the response to availability of this resource is essential to predicting how the system will respond to climate change. The McMurdo Dry Valleys are the largest ice-free soil region in Antarctica.

What are the financial barriers to medical care among the poor, the sick and the disabled in the Special Administrative Region of China?

Although Hong Kong is one of the richest cities in the world and has some of the best health outcomes such as long life expectancy, little is known about the people who are unable to access healthcare due to lack of financial means. Cross-sectional data from a sample of 2,233 participants aged 18 or above was collected from the first wave of the "Trends and Implications of Poverty and Social Disadvantages in Hong Kong" survey. Socio-demographic factors, lifestyle factors, and physical and mental health conditions associated with people who were unable to seek medical services due to lack of financial means in the past year were examined using forward stepwise logistic regression analyses.

The independent role of deprivation in abdominal obesity beyond income poverty. A population-based household survey in Chinese adults.

Background: Individual-level deprivation takes into account the non-monetary aspects of poverty that neither income poverty nor socio-economic factors could fully capture; however, it has rarely been considered in existing studies on social inequality in obesity. Therefore, we examined the associations of deprivation, beyond income poverty, with both general and abdominal obesity.

Methods: A territory-wide two-stage stratified random sample of 2282 community-dwelling Hong Kong adults was surveyed via face-to-face household interviews between 2014 and 2015.

Taxonomic and Functional Compositions Impacted by the Quality of Metatranscriptomic Assemblies.

Metatranscriptomics has recently been applied to investigate the active biogeochemical processes and elemental cycles, and responses of microbiomes to environmental stimuli and stress factors. assembly of RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) data can reveal a more detailed description of the metabolic interactions amongst the active microbial communities. However, the quality of the assemblies and the depiction of the metabolic network provided by various assemblers have not yet been thoroughly assessed.

Deprivation is associated with worse physical and mental health beyond income poverty: a population-based household survey among Chinese adults.

Purpose: In studying health inequality, poverty as measured by income is frequently used; however, this omits the aspects of non-monetary resources and social barriers to achieving improved living standard. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the associations of individual-level deprivation of material and social necessities with general physical and mental health beyond that of income poverty.

Methods: A territory-wide two-stage stratified random sample of 2282 community-dwelling Hong Kong adults was surveyed between 2014 and 2015.

Terminology Adoption in Family Medicine Service - Start of Journey.

A proposal on terminology adoption for the Problem and Encounter Reason capturing in the Hong Kong Hospital Authority Family Medicine Module was suggested. Given the complexity of the project, mapping had been conducted as preparatory work in the early phase of development.

Global Diversity of Desert Hypolithic Cyanobacteria.

Global patterns in diversity were estimated for cyanobacteria-dominated hypolithic communities that colonize ventral surfaces of quartz stones and are common in desert environments. A total of 64 hypolithic communities were recovered from deserts on every continent plus a tropical moisture sufficient location. Community diversity was estimated using a combined t-RFLP fingerprinting and high throughput sequencing approach.

Draft Genome Sequence of Uncultured Upland Soil Cluster Gives Molecular Insights into High-Affinity Methanotrophy.

Aerated soils form the second largest sink for atmospheric CH A near-complete genome of uncultured upland soil cluster that oxidize CH at <2.5 ppmv was obtained from incubated Antarctic mineral cryosols. This first genome of high-affinity methanotrophs can help resolve the mysteries about their phylogenetic affiliation and metabolic potential.

An oligotrophic deep-subsurface community dependent on syntrophy is dominated by sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrifiers.

Subsurface lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystems (SLiMEs) under oligotrophic conditions are typically supported by H Methanogens and sulfate reducers, and the respective energy processes, are thought to be the dominant players and have been the research foci. Recent investigations showed that, in some deep, fluid-filled fractures in the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa, methanogens contribute <5% of the total DNA and appear to produce sufficient CH to support the rest of the diverse community. This paradoxical situation reflects our lack of knowledge about the in situ metabolic diversity and the overall ecological trophic structure of SLiMEs.