Oleuropein Relieves Pancreatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Suppressing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through HMGB1/NF-κB Pathway.

Oleuropein (OLP) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound in olive plant with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and can possibly be used in treating pancreatic injuries. This investigation aimed to follow the molecular mechanism behind the potential therapeutic effect of OLP against pancreatic injury persuaded by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Pancreatic I/R injury was induced by splenic artery occlusion for 60 min followed by reperfusion.

Thymol and carvacrol derivatives as anticancer agents; synthesis, activity, and computational analysis of biological targets.

Various thymol and carvacrol derivatives have been synthesized to test the anticancer activity potential. Computational methods including network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches were utilized to identify and assess the potential biological targets relating to cancer. Amongst the synthesized derivatives the ethoxy-cyclohexyl analogues were consistently the most active against a panel of 10 different cancer cell lines covering a variety of origins.

Metabolomic Profiling and In Vivo Antiepileptic Effect of Aerial Parts and Roots Crude Extracts against Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling in Mice.

The chemical profiles of both () aerial parts and roots extracts were evaluated with LC-ESI-TOF-MS/MS analysis. Twenty-four compounds were detected. Among them, some are detected in both the aerial parts and the roots extracts, and others were detected in the aerial parts only.

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol.

is one of the oldest plants utilized by humans for both economic and medical purposes. Although the use of cannabis started millennia ago in the Eastern hemisphere, its use has moved and flourished in the Western nations in more recent centuries. is the source of psychoactive cannabinoids that are consumed as recreational drugs worldwide.

New flavonoids with multiple bronchodilator activity pathways from L. (Pers.) growing in Saudi Arabia.

Total extract of () expressed potent bronchodilator effect in isolated Guinea pigs' tracheal muscles. Fractionation of total extract ( using liquid-liquid technique followed by bronchodilator testing indicated that the activity was trapped to the chloroform (CHCl) soluble fraction. Phytochemical study of the CHCl fraction guided by bronchodilator activity led to the isolation of 7 active flavones of which compounds (Tephroapollin G), (Acetyltephroapollin C), (4''-Dehydroxytephroapollin E), and (Tephroapollin F) were new.

Targeting inflammation and oxidative stress for protection against ischemic brain injury in rats using cupressuflavone.

Inflammatory responses and oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of brain ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Naturally occurring bioflavonoids possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The phytochemicals of , known as "Abhal" in Saudi Arabia, have been studied and cupressuflavone (CUP) has been isolated as the major bioflavonoid.

Amentoflavone attenuates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats by targeting HMGB1-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Surveys indicated that stroke classified among the leading cause of death as well as combined death and disability worldwide resulting in a great loss for the global economy. The present study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the biflavonoid amentoflavone (AMNT) in alleviating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in rats, and to elucidate the possible underlying mechanism of an experimental condition with similar circumstances to stroke. Cerebral ischemia was achieved through left common carotid artery occlusion for 60 min, followed by blood flow restoration.

Phytochemical profiling of Delile by LC-HR/MS and investigation of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antibacterial and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities.

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and biological activity of Delile. (Amaranthaceae), a medicinal plant. The study evaluated the antioxidant potential of the crude extract and five fractions of using DPPH, ABTS+, CUPRAC, and metal chelating assays.

A New Saponin (Zygo-albuside D) from Roots Triggers Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (A549 Cells) through CDK-2 Inhibition.

Phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate root extract of has resulted in the isolation of a new saponin, Zygo-albuside D (), along with two known compounds; (3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranosyl]-quinovic acid) (), which is first reported in the root, and catechin (), first reported in the genus. Their chemical structures were established by NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The new saponin () exhibited promising cytotoxicity with IC values of 3.

Ameliorative Potential of (-) Pseudosemiglabrin in Mice with Pilocarpine-Induced Epilepsy: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Apoptotic, and Neurotransmission Modulation.

One prevalent neurological disorder is epilepsy. Modulating GABAergic/glutamatergic neurotransmission, Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/Akt, and TLR-4/NF-B pathways might be a therapeutic strategy for epilepsy. Eight-week-old BALB/c mice were administered 12.

and Anti-Picornavirus Triterpene Alkanoic Acid Ester from Saudi Collection of Decne.

The total alcohol extract obtained from the aerial parts of and fractions of the liquid-liquid fractionation process were tested against picornavirus-causing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) based on the traditional use of the plant in Saudi Arabia. The most active petroleum ether soluble fraction was subjected to chromatographic purification, and nine compounds were isolated, identified using various chemical and spectroscopic methods, and tested for their anti-viral potential. The new ester identified as -Amyrin 3-(3'R-hydroxy)-hexadecanoate () was the most active compound with 51% inhibition of the viral growth and was given the name Rhazyin A.

Samarcandin protects against testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via activation of Nrf2/HO-1-mediated antioxidant responses.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of samarcandin (SMR) in preventing testicular injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups at random: the sham group, the T/D control group (CONT), the T/D group receiving SMR treatment at 10 mg/kg (SMR-10), and the T/D group receiving SMR treatment at 20 mg/kg (SMR-20). When compared to the CONT group, SMR improved the oxidant/antioxidant balance by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), and increasing reduced glutathione (GSH), gluta-thione peroxide (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Antibiofilm Activities of Some Novel 7-Methoxyquinoline Derivatives Bearing Sulfonamide Moiety against Urinary Tract Infection-Causing Pathogenic Microbes.

A new series of 4-((7-methoxyquinolin-4-yl) amino)--(substituted) benzenesulfonamide was synthesized via the reaction of 4-chloro-7-methoxyquinoline with various sulfa drugs. The structural elucidation was verified based on spectroscopic data analysis. All the target compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and unicellular fungi.

Microbial Transformation of the Sesquiterpene Lactone, Vulgarin, by .

The biotransformation of vulgarin , an eudesmanolides-type sesquiterpene lactone obtained from , by the microorganism, , was carried out to give three more polar metabolites; 1--tetrahydrovulgarin (1α,4α-dihydroxy-5αH,6,11βH-eudesman-6,12-olide , 20% yield, 1α,4α-dihydroxyeudesm-2-en-5αH,6,11βH-6,12-olide , 10% yield, and C-1 epimeric mixture , 4% yield, in a ratio of 4:1, . The structures of vulgarin and its metabolites were elucidated by 1 and 2D NMR spectroscopy in conjunction with HRESIMS. Metabolites and are epimers, and they are reported here for the first time as new metabolites obtained by biotransformation by selective reduction at C-1.

Biomarker Quantification, Spectroscopic, and Molecular Docking Studies of the Active Compounds Isolated from the Edible Plant L.

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of L. led to the isolation of four unsaturated fatty acids (-), including a new one (), and four indole alkaloids (-). The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized with the help of spectroscopic techniques such as 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectroscopy, and by correlation with the known compounds.

Biochemical Profile and In Vitro Therapeutic Properties of Two Euhalophytes, Pall. and (L.) Forske., Grown in the Sabkha Ecosystem in the Algerian Sahara.

This study reports the biochemical profile and in vitro biological activities of the aerial part of two shrubs: and , a halophytes species native to saline habitats. The biomass was evaluated by determining its physiological properties and approximate composition. Hydro-methanolic extracts from and have been investigated for the inhibition of bacterial growth, the protection of proteins (albumin) from denaturation, and cytotoxicity to hepatocellular carcinomas (Huh-7 and HepG2).

Anti-ulcerative colitis effect of L'Hér. using rat model: Chemical, pharmacological and histopathological evidences.

is a perennial shrub growing and widely used in traditional medicinal system in Saudi Arabia. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were compared between the water extract (WE) and methanol extract (ME). The protective potential against acetic acid (AA) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) was also evaluated in rats.

Brain Targeting by Intranasal Drug Delivery: Effect of Different Formulations of the Biflavone "Cupressuflavone" from L. on the Motor Activity of Rats.

The polar fractions of the species are rich in bioflavonoid contents. Phytochemical study of the polar fraction of aerial parts resulted in the isolation of cupressuflavone (CPF) as the major component in addition to another two bioflavonoids, amentoflavone and robustaflavone. Biflavonoids have various biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, hypoglycemic, neuroprotective, and antipsychotic effects.

Vulgarin, a Sesquiterpene Lactone from , Improves the Antidiabetic Effectiveness of Glibenclamide in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats via Modulation of PEPCK and G6Pase Genes Expression.

The current investigation assessed the effect of the eudesmanolid, Vulgarin (VGN), obtained from (), on the antidiabetic potential of glibenclamide (GLB) using streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Seven groups of rats were used in the study; the first group received the vehicle and served as normal control. The diabetic rats of the second to the fifth groups were treated with the vehicle (negative control), GLB at 5 mg/kg (positive control), VGN at 10 mg/kg (VGN-10) and VGN at 20 mg/kg (VGN-20), respectively.

Protective Effect of -Carotene against Myeloperoxidase- Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat Ischemic Brain Injury.

Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction play critical roles in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the brain. β-carotene (βCAR) is a naturally occurring pigment present in fruits and vegetables that expresses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was conducted to investigate the involvement of Bcl2/Bax and NF-κB signaling pathways in the potential protective role of βCAR against brain injury in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.

Comparative Cytotoxic Evaluation of Root and Aerial Parts of Different Extracts and Their Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Lung A549 and Prostate PC-3 Cancer Cell Lines.

The current work demonstrates a comparative study between aerial and root parts of L. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC), in addition to the antioxidant activity, of the crude extracts were investigated, where the aerial parts revealed a higher value overall. By means of UV-VIS and HPLC, rutin and caffeic acid were detected and then quantified as 5.

Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation.

Different parts of L. and their green synthesized eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were screened for their cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity. Results showed that flower extract AgNPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity compared to the normal form against PC-3 and A549 cell lines with IC values of 2.

Silver Nanoparticles Formulation of Flower Head's Polyphenols of L.: A Promising Candidate against Prostate (PC-3) Cancer Cell Line through Apoptosis Activation.

L. (Family: Compositae) or artichoke is a nutritious edible plant widely used for its hepatoprotective effect. Crude extracts of flower, bract, and stem were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity and phenolic content.

Zygo-Albuside A: New Saponin from L. with Significant Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antiapoptotic Effects against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Damage.

Chemical investigation of the crude extract of the aerial part of L. () led to the isolation of a new saponin, Zygo-albuside (), together with seven known compounds, one of them (caffeic acid, compound ) is reported in the genus for the first time. NMR (1D and 2D) and mass spectrometric analysis, including high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), were utilized to set up the chemical structures of these compounds.