Breast self-examination among nurses in Poland and their reparation in this regard.

Introduction And Objective: Working at night and in shifts, as well as an unhealthy lifestyle, may increase the risk of breast cancer in nurses who therefore should frequently perform breast self-examination (BSE). The aim of the study was to investigate the performance of BSE among Polish nurses, its accuracy, sources of knowledge and skills, self-assessment of own competences and preparation to educate women about BSE.

Material And Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in a group of female nurses (N=1,242).

Positive health behaviours Polish and Ukrainian medical students in the context of chronic diseases.

Introduction: Medical studies and practicing the medical professions involve considerable psychological distress. Health risks associated with distress may be greater in people with health problems, especially in the case of insufficient self-care for health.

Aim: Investigating the frequency of positive health behaviours and avoiding risky behaviours among students of medical faculties with and without chronic diseases.

Associations between overweight and obesity and health enhancing behaviours among female nurses in Poland.

Introduction And Objective: The nursing profession entails many negative factors and high risk of chronic diseases, including overweight and obesity. The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and health enhancing behaviours in Polish female nurses, and associations between overweight and 4 groups of such behaviours, age and shift work.

Material And Methods: The analysis covered data obtained through cross-sectional survey carried out in a group of 994 nurses with an average age of 43.

Implementation trial of school staff health promotion: Polish experiences.

The paper presents the results of the trial implementation of staff health promotion in the Health Promoting Schools (HPS) programme in Poland. The design and key results of the summative evaluation of the 3-year project and activities of schools after completion of the project are described. Over 900 teachers and non-teaching employees from 21 schools participated in the project.

Validation of the positive health behaviours scale: a nationwide survey of nurses in Poland.

Purpose: The aim was to adjust the positive health behaviours scale (PHBS) to make it suitable for use by nurses, and to validate the new version of the tool.

Methods: A previously formulated PHBS was modified. The scale comprises 29 statements describing certain positive health behaviours in four subscales: nutrition, physical activity, relaxation and behaviours related to mental health, and preventive behaviours.

[Outcomes evaluation of the school staff health promotion project].

Background: This article presents selected outcomes of a 3-year project "Health promotion of school staff in health-promoting schools," as well as the achievements and difficulties in its implementation.

Material And Methods: The research was conducted on 644 teachers and 226 members of non-teaching staff in 21 schools. The method involved opinion poll and authored questionnaires.

Teenagers' perception of being an active patient and putting the concept into practice.

Aim: To analyse the results of research on how adolescents understand the "active patient" concept, how often they undertake that role depending on gender and on whether they are suffering from a chronic disease.

Material And Methods: The research was conducted in a group of 14-15 year-olds. It comprised qualitative research (focus groups, N=24) concerning the way the concept of an "active patient" is understood and quantitative research (questionnaire study, N=716).

The feelings of adolescents connected with medical visits and their perception of the physicians' behaviour.

Objective: To analyze research results relating the feelings of adolescents connected with their medical visit and their perception of the physician's behaviour in treating them as patients during the visit.

Material And Method: The research was conducted on a group of 14-15-year-olds (N=716), students of lower secondary schools located in 5 voivodeships. The research instrument was an anonymous authored questionnaire with questions concerning their last visit at the physician's: its time, purpose, and feelings connected with the visit, as well as reasons for these feelings and the variety of the physician's behaviours conducive to good communication with the adolescent patient.

[Health enhancing behaviors of teachers and other school staff].

Background: Any activity undertaken for the purpose of health enhancing behavior is an important element of taking care of one's health. The aim of this paper was to analyze the frequency of health enhancing behaviors and avoiding health-risk behaviors among teachers and other school staff by gender and age.

Material And Methods: The sample consisted of 750 teachers and 259 individuals of non-teaching staff of 22 health promoting schools.

[Janusz Korczak - a physician and an educator].

This article is devoted to the life and work of Janusz Korczak and was written in the context of his jubilee which was celebrated in 2012. It reminds the reader of two important roles in his life: those of a physician and an educator. The text discusses the influence of medicine on his life and work and characterizes his perceptions of a child and ways of treating children.

[Profiles of factors enhancing teachers' occupational wellbeing and their use in health promoting schools].

Background: The aim of this article is to present the results of survey on general occupational being and factors contributing to the enhancement of teachers' occupational wellbeing. The authors also address the issue how to work out, analyze, present and use the survey results in health promotion at schools.

Material And Methods: Teachers of four selected health promoting schools (HPS) were surveyed and the results were analyzed.

[Factors enhancing teachers' occupational wellbeing scale: psychometric analysis].

Background: The aim of this work was to elaborate the Factors Enhancing Teachers' Occupational Wellbeing Scale for use with teachers from health promoting schools and to provide its psychometric analysis.

Material And Methods: The sample consisted of 270 teachers from the health promoting schools. The instrument consisted of 45 statements divided into five subscales (working conditions, teachers' community, students and parents' community, organization and workload, professional competences), which are measured from two points of view: assessment of a current situation (a 5-point rating scale from 5 (strongly yes) to 1 (strongly no)) and assessment of needs for the improvement (a 5-point rating scale from 1 (no need) do 5 (very strong need)).

[Positive health behaviours scale for adolescents: initial psychometric analysis].

Purpose: to elaborate the Positive Health Behaviours Scale (PHBS) for use with adolescents and to provide its psychometric analysis.

Methods: the instrument consists of 30 statements comprised of five subscales (nutrition, relaxation and behaviours connected with psychosocial health, safety, taking care of one's body and physical activity) which were measured on a 4-point summated rating scale from 3 (almost always) to 0 (almost never). Psychometric analysis included assessment of reliability (using Cronbach's a coefficient Jöreskog's rho coefficients), theoretical validity (factor analysis) and construct validity (using data concerning perceived health, self-assessment of care of own health, psychoactive substance use and subjective health complaints; four hypothesis were tested) and unidimensionality (principal components).