Extracellular vesicles in cattle infected with bovine leukaemia virus: isolation and molecular analysis.

Introduction: Exosomes are nanosized lipid bilayer membranous microvesicles, extracellularly released from a variety of mammalian cells. They mediate intercellular signalling by transporting several types of RNA, lipids and proteins and participate in the intercellular exchange of DNA, RNA, micro RNA, proteins and other components. These microvesicles are present in all body fluids in physiological and pathological conditions and reflect the state of the host organism.

Etiology of Ulcerative Dermal Necrosis (UDN) in Brown Trout ( Morpha )-Preliminary Results.

Every year, ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) affects salmonids that spend most of their lives in the sea during their migration to the rivers of northern Poland to spawn. The clinical form of the disease manifests itself in ulcerative skin lesions, which lead to significant weakening of the fish and, in most cases, result in their death. This study was carried out on samples taken from sea trout in the Słupia River in northern Poland.

Protein-Coding Region Derived Small RNA in Exosomes from Influenza A Virus-Infected Cells.

Exosomes may function as multifactorial mediators of cell-to-cell communication, playing crucial roles in both physiological and pathological processes. Exosomes released from virus-infected cells may contain RNA and proteins facilitating infection spread. The purpose of our study was to analyze how the small RNA content of exosomes is affected by infection with the influenza A virus (IAV).

The Effect of Pegbovigrastim Injection on Phagocytic and Oxidative Burst Activities of Peripheral Blood Granulocytes and Monocytes in Calves Challenged with .

() is an important pathogen affecting cattle, causing various diseases including pneumonia which mainly occurring in calves. Control of infections is difficult due to the lack of commercial vaccines in most parts of the world and increasing trends of antimicrobial resistance in field isolates of the pathogen; therefore, it seems reasonable to look for new solutions for the prevention of the infection. Pegbovigrastim is a pegylated form of naturally occurring circulating cytokine in cattle that affects bovine leukocytes and some cell functions.

Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves.

During the initial months of calves’ lives, the young animals are exposed to bacterial and viral infections, and during this period, crucial physiological changes take place in their organisms. Offering calves feed additives that will have a beneficial influence on their organisms and improve their growth while reducing the morbidity rate is the optimal task of feeding. This is the first study to investigate the effect of experimental supplementation for calves with the combination of two feed additives—one containing Lentinula edodes enriched with selenium (Se), and the second containing pancreatic-like enzymes, fat-coated organic acids, sodium butyrate, and silicon dioxide nanoparticles—on the serum Se concentration, selected immune parameters, and the average daily gains in the calves.

Comparison of Selected Immune Parameters in a Single Infection and Co-Infection with Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus with Other Viruses in Rainbow Trout.

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) often occurs in an aquatic environment in co-infection with other viruses. In this study, we wanted to investigate the effect of this virus on the course of co-infection with other viruses in rainbow trout. For co-infection we used viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and salmonid alphavirus (SAV) field strains and infected rainbow trout divided into eight groups; I; IPNV, II; IHNV, III; VHSV, I; SAV, V; IPNV+IHNV, VI; IPNV+VHSV, VII; IPNV+SAV, and the control group.

in Terms of Risks to Consumers' Health.

flukes are cosmopolitan parasites. In Europe, the definitive hosts are red foxes (), wolves (), and raccoon dogs (), as well as animals that belong to the Felidae family. Intermediate hosts, such as snails and frogs, are the sources of infection for definitive hosts.

Involvement of PI3K Pathway in Glioma Cell Resistance to Temozolomide Treatment.

The aim of the study was to investigate the anticancer potential of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) and temozolomide using glioblastoma multiforme (T98G) and anaplastic astrocytoma (MOGGCCM) cells. Apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and granules in the cytoplasm were identified microscopically (fluorescence and electron microscopes). The mitochondrial membrane potential was studied by flow cytometry.

Blood Counts, Biochemical Parameters, Inflammatory, and Immune Responses in Pigs Infected Experimentally with the African Swine Fever Virus Isolate Pol18_28298_O111.

This study aimed to indicate the influence of infection caused by genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV)-isolate Pol18_28298_O111, currently circulating in Poland, on blood counts, biochemical parameters, as well as inflammatory and immune responses. Blood and sera collected from 21 domestic pigs infected intranasally with different doses of virulent ASFV were analysed. The infection led to variable changes in blood counts depending on the stage of the disease with a tendency towards leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.

The percentage of iNKT cells among other immune cells at various clinical stages of laryngeal cancer.

Introduction: Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells constitute a small population of immune cells that share functional and phenotypic characteristics of T lymphocytes and NK cells. Due to their involvement in specific and non-specific immune responses, iNKT cells may represent an important component of antitumor and anti-infectious immunity.

Material And Methods: Using flow cytometry, we analyzed the percentages of iNKT cells as well as T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of 50 laryngeal cancer patients at various clinical stages in comparison to healthy controls (n=15).

Treatment of Graves' disease with methimazole in children alters the proliferation of Treg cells and CD3+ T lymphocytes.

Almost all cases of hyperthyroidism in children result from Graves' disease (GD). Recent studies have confirmed a significant role of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in the development of autoimmune diseases. However, the interactions between T cell responses and Treg proliferation in GD are still poorly understood.

Expression of selected regulatory molecules on the CD83+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated from patients with laryngeal cancer and their clinical significance.

B7H1 and B7H4 overexpression is associated with inhibition of the immune system in many solid tumors, and altogether with CD200 molecule plays an important role in tumor invasion by promoting malignant transformation. However, there is no report about impact of these molecules on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The objective of the present study was to assess by means of flow cytometry the expression of B7H1, B7H4, CD200, and CD200R on CD83+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DC), pulsed with autologous tumor cell lysates (aTCL) in patients who suffer from G1, G2, or G3 laryngeal carcinoma (LC, n = 60) in comparison to healthy donors (HD, n = 15).

[The assessment of selected molecules belonging to B7 family on the mature dendritic cells in laryngeal cancer patients].

Unlabelled: B7-H1, B7-H2 and B7-H4 molecules play various roles in the adaptive immune system and are broadly expressed on many cells, especially those localized in cancer tissue. The aim of the study was to assess the surface expression of B7-H1, B7-H2 and B7-H4 molecules on the mature dendritic cells (DC) generated from peripheral blood monocytes of laryngeal cancer patients and healthy donors.

Material And Methods: Forty-four male patients treated surgically for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were included in the study.

[The evaluation of apoptosis in peripheral blood lymphocytes in laryngeal cancer patients].

Unlabelled: The laryngeal cancer is the most often cancer among others in head and neck region. It occurs mostly among 55 and 69. Its development depends on immunological state of the body.

CD3+/CD16+CD56+ cell numbers in peripheral blood are correlated with higher tumor burden in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the commonest histological type of malignant lymphoma, and remains incurable in many cases. Developing more efficient immunotherapy strategies will require better understanding of the disorders of immune responses in cancer patients. NKT (natural killer-like T) cells were originally described as a unique population of T cells with the co-expression of NK cell markers.

Evaluation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells, T regulatory and Th17 cells in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Immunotherapy with dendritic cells (DC) may constitute a new and advantageous option for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who respond to therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), but do not reach complete cytogenetic or molecular remission. In this study, we evaluated the immunophenotype of DC generated from monocytes (Mo-DC) of patients with CML and the influence of TKI therapy on the results of CML-DC generation. We also measured the percentages of T regulatory cells (Tregs) as well as Th17 cells in 19 untreated patients suffering from CML, and in 28 CML patients treated with TKI.

Dendritic cells based immunotherapy of patient with chondrosarcoma--case report.

We present a case report of patient with intracranial chondrosarcoma and attempt to use vaccination of dendritic cells as the salvage therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of DCs vaccination in the head and neck chondrosarcoma. Immunotherapy with allogeneic DCs stimulated with tumor cell lysates in this case was demonstrated to be feasible, safe and well tolerated.