Childhood lead exposure increases the risk of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis.

Environmental lead exposure has been a much-discussed risk factor for the development of ADHD for decades. However, due to methodological shortcomings, the existing research on this topic is highly inconsistent. We will attempt to clarify this question by performing a meta-analysis based on a systematic literature search until February 2024 including different databases such as Pubmed and Google Scholar.

Long-term efficacy data for the recombinant zoster vaccine: impact on public health and cost effectiveness in Germany.

The aim of the study was to update previously published public health impact and cost-effectiveness analyses of the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV), in the German population aged ≥50 years of age (YOA), with the latest vaccine efficacy (VE) estimates against herpes zoster (HZ). The updated estimates are derived from a long-term follow-up study. A previously published multi-cohort Markov model following age cohorts over their lifetime was used.

Public Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Routine Infant 4CMenB Vaccination in Germany to Prevent Serogroup B Invasive Meningococcal Disease.

Introduction: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an uncommon, severe, life-threatening disease primarily affecting infants, with potential lifelong sequelae. Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) serogroup B (MenB) causes most IMD cases in Germany, many of which can be prevented with four-component MenB (4CMenB) vaccination. The potential public health and economic impact of introducing routine 4CMenB infant vaccination in Germany was assessed.

Burden of Herpes Zoster in Adult Patients with Underlying Conditions: Analysis of German Claims Data, 2007-2018.

Introduction: Several chronic underlying conditions (UCs) are known to be risk factors for developing herpes zoster (HZ) and to increase the severity of HZ and its risk of recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and recurrence of HZ in adult patients with one or multiple UCs.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on claims data representing 13% of the statutory health insurance population from 2007 to 2018 in Germany was performed.

Palbociclib with adjuvant endocrine therapy in early breast cancer (PALLAS): interim analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study.

Background: Palbociclib added to endocrine therapy improves progression-free survival in hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-negative, metastatic breast cancer. The PALLAS trial aimed to investigate whether the addition of 2 years of palbociclib to adjuvant endocrine therapy improves invasive disease-free survival over endocrine therapy alone in patients with hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-negative, early-stage breast cancer.

Methods: PALLAS is an ongoing multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study that enrolled patients at 406 cancer centres in 21 countries worldwide with stage II-III histologically confirmed hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, within 12 months of initial diagnosis.

Metronomic topotecan impedes tumor growth of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo by therapy induced senescence.

Poor prognosis and frequent relapses are major challenges for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB), especially when tumors show MYCN amplification. High-dose chemotherapy triggers apoptosis, necrosis and senescence, a cellular stress response leading to permanent proliferative arrest and a typical senescence-associated secretome (SASP). SASP components reinforce growth-arrest and act immune-stimulatory, while others are tumor-promoting.