An evaluation of written materials for supporting hypertensive patient education and counselling when performing a new medicine service in Poland.

Background: The New Medicine Service (NMS) was developed in England more than ten years ago, as a three-stage consultation led by community pharmacists to support patients taking new medication for a chronic disease. In Poland, the scheme was officially introduced in January 2023. However, its implementation into common practice has been presented with various obstacles, including the need to develop relationships with general practitioners, resolve the payment structure, and provide training with adequate supporting materials.

Examining non-linearity in the association between age and reported opioid use in different socioeconomic strata: cohort study using Health Survey for England waves from 1997 to 2014.

Background: Age and socioeconomic status (SES) predict several health-related outcomes, including prescription opioid use. Contrasting findings from previous literature found higher prevalence of opioid use in both people over 65 years old and the working-age population of 35-55 years old. This study aimed to analyse if the association between age and opioid use is non-linear and differs in adults with different SES levels.

A Single-Centre Retrospective Analysis of Radial Versus Femoral Prostate Artery Embolization.

To determine whether route of access, transradial or transfemoral, leads to any discernible differences in patient radiation or contrast medium exposure as well as procedure time in elective prostate artery embolization (PAE). This retrospective study included sixty patients in total: n = 30 in the radial PAE group, and n = 30 in the femoral PAE group. All procedures were performed in a single angiography suite between May 2018 and January 2021, using a standard kit for each type of vascular access, the same microcatheter/wire combination and embolic agent to super-selectively target and embolize one or both prostate arteries.

TGFα-EGFR pathway in breast carcinogenesis, association with WWOX expression and estrogen activation.

WWOX is a tumor-suppressive steroid dehydrogenase, which relationship with hormone receptors was shown both in animal models and breast cancer patients. Herein, through nAnT-iCAGE high-throughput gene expression profiling, we studied the interplay of estrogen receptors and the WWOX in breast cancer cell lines (MCF7, T47D, MDA-MB-231, BT20) under estrogen stimulation and either introduction of the WWOX gene by retroviral transfection (MDA-MB-231, T47D) or silenced with shRNA (MCF7, BT20). Additionally, we evaluated the consequent biological characteristics by proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and adhesion assays.

The molecular mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance found in rectal swab isolates of Enterobacterales from men undergoing a transrectal prostate biopsy: the rationale for targeted prophylaxis.

Background: Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx) is considered an essential urological procedure for the histological diagnosis of prostate cancer. It is, however, considered a "contaminated" procedure which may lead to infectious complications. Recent studies suggest a significant share of fluoroquinolone-resistant rectal flora in post-biopsy infections.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Whole-Genome Characterisation of High-Level Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Enterica Serovar Kentucky ST 198 Strains Isolated from Human in Poland.

Background: Kentucky belongs to zoonotic serotypes that demonstrate that the high antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance (including fluoroquinolones) is an emerging problem. To the best of our knowledge, clinical Kentucky strains isolated in Poland remain undescribed.

Methods: Eighteen clinical Kentucky strains collected in the years 2018-2019 in Poland were investigated.

[Molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 – present experiences].

Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new highly emerging and pathogenic for human RNA virus, is responsible for the present COVID-19 pandemic. Molecular diagnostic methods, including real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay are the recommended methods for the identification and laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 cases. RT-PCR allows for detection the RNA of the virus in clinical specimens from patients suspected of COVID-19 with high specificity and sensitivity.

Association of socioeconomic deprivation with opioid prescribing in primary care in England: a spatial analysis.

Background: The increasing trends in opioid prescribing and opioid-related deaths in England are concerning. A greater understanding of the association of deprivation with opioid prescribing is needed to guide policy responses and interventions.

Methods: The 2018/2019 English national primary care prescribing data were analysed spatially.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of BAFASAL Bacteriophage Preparation for the Reduction of in the Food Chain.

Bacteriophages are bacterial predators, which are garnering much interest nowadays vis-à-vis the global phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance. Bacteriophage preparations seem to be an alternative to antibiotics, which can be used at all levels of the food production chain. Their safety and efficacy, however, are of public concern.

Correction to: The comorbidity burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus: patterns, clusters and predictions from a large English primary care cohort.

The original article [1] contains an omitted grant acknowledgement and affiliation as relates to the contribution of co-author, Rafael Perera-Salazar. As such, the following two amendments should apply to the original article.

The Gene Influences Cellular Pathways in the Neuronal Differentiation of Human Neural Progenitor Cells.

The brain is the most functionally organized structure of all organs. It manages behavior, perception and higher cognitive functions. The gene is non-classical tumor suppressor gene, which has been shown to have an impact on proliferation, apoptosis and migration processes.

Antibiotic choice in UK general practice: rates and drivers of potentially inappropriate antibiotic prescribing.

Objectives: To identify the rates of potentially inappropriate antibiotic choice when prescribing for common infections in UK general practices. To examine the predictors of such prescribing and the clustering effects at the practice level.

Methods: The rates of potentially inappropriate antibiotic choice were estimated using 1 151 105 consultations for sinusitis, otitis media and externa, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and urinary tract infection (UTI), using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).

The comorbidity burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus: patterns, clusters and predictions from a large English primary care cohort.

Background: The presence of additional chronic conditions has a significant impact on the treatment and management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Little is known about the patterns of comorbidities in this population. The aims of this study are to quantify comorbidity patterns in people with T2DM, to estimate the prevalence of six chronic conditions in 2027 and to identify clusters of similar conditions.

Silencing of angiotensin receptor 1 interferes with angiotensin II oncogenic activity in endometrial cancer.

In mammalian cells, angiotensin II (AngII) binds to 2 distinct high-affinity plasma membrane receptors: angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1R) and angiotensin receptor 2 (AT2R). Healthy human endometrium from women of reproductive age expresses all of the components of the renin-angiotensin system. Many studies suggest that AngII, acting via AT1R, may have a role in the development and progression of cancer, which changes the expression of angiogenic factors, AngII and AT1R are correlated with the presence of endometrial cancer (EC).

Using electronic health records to quantify and stratify the severity of type 2 diabetes in primary care in England: rationale and cohort study design.

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presents a significant burden on affected individuals and healthcare systems internationally. There is, however, no agreed validated measure to infer diabetes severity from electronic health records (EHRs). We aim to quantify T2DM severity and validate it using clinical adverse outcomes.

Angiotensin II promotes endometrial cancer cell survival.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common female cancers. One of the key processes involved in EC development is uncontrolled proliferation stimulated by local factors such as angiotensin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of angiotensin II (Ang II) on human EC cells.

Coexpression of CAV-1, AT1-R and FOXM1 in prostate and breast cancer and normal cell lines and their influence on metastatic properties.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the coexpression of caveolin-1 (CAV-1), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-R) and forkhead box Ml (FOXM1) in prostate and breast cancer cell lines, in comparison with normal cell lines. CAV-1, AT1-R and FOXM1 expression was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis in the prostate cancer cell lines PC3, DU145 and LNCaP; prostate normal cell line PNT1A; breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231; and the normal breast cell line 184A1. A correlation between the expression levels of the investigated genes and their metastatic properties was determined by the Spearman's rank test (P<0.

The whole-genome expression analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from aspirin sensitive asthmatics versus aspirin tolerant patients and healthy donors after in vitro aspirin challenge.

Background: Up to 30% of adults with severe asthma are hypersensitive to aspirin and no unambiguous theory exists which provides a satisfactory explanation for the occurrence of aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) in some asthmatic patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the AIA expression profile against aspirin tolerant asthma (ATA) and healthy volunteers (HV) profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after in vitro aspirin challenge in Caucasian population.

Methods: PBMCs were separated from blood of three groups of subjects--11 AIA, 7 ATA and 15 HV and then stimulated by either 2 μM lysine aspirin or 20 μM lysine as a control.

Finding NEMO in preeclampsia.

Background: The mechanism of preeclampsia and its way of inheritance are still a mystery. Biochemical and immunochemical studies reveal a substantial increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 concentrations in the blood of women with preeclampsia. The level of these factors is regulated by nuclear facxtor-kappa B, whose activation in a classical pathway requires inhibitory kappa B kinase gamma (known as NEMO or IKBKG).

The role of WWOX tumor suppressor gene in the regulation of EMT process via regulation of CDH1-ZEB1-VIM expression in endometrial cancer.

This study defines the role of WWOX in the regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. A group of 164 endometrial adenocarcinoma patients was studied as well as an ECC1 well-differentiated steroid-responsive endometrial cell line, which was transducted with WWOX cDNA by a retroviral system. The relationship between WWOX gene and EMT marker (CDH1, VIM, ZEB1, SNAI1) expression on mRNA (RT-qPCR) and protein levels (western blotting) was evaluated.

[Depression in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting].

Surgical revascularization is a recognized method of treatment ofischaemic heart disease. The number of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is constantly increasing, both in a population of young patients with coronary heart disease and in elderly patients. It is estimated that even one out of three patients undergoing CABG in the perioperative period can develop symptoms of depression.

Alternating expression levels of tumor suppressor and cancer-related genes in patients with bladder cancer.

The aim of the present study was to determine the roles of the tumor suppressor and cancer-related genes in bladder tumor carcinogenesis. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the status of promoter methylation (using MethylScreen™ technology) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in papillary urothelial cancer tissues. The associations between the expression levels of the following tumorigenesis-related genes were also assessed: The tumor suppressor gene the proliferation gene, the and apoptotic genes, the signal transduction gene, the vascular endothelial growth factor gene, and the and cell cycle genes.

WWOX modulates the gene expression profile in the T98G glioblastoma cell line rendering its phenotype less malignant.

The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of WWOX gene upregulation on the transcriptome and phenotype of the T98G glioblastoma cell line. The cells with high WWOX expression demonstrated a significantly different transcription profile for approximately 3,000 genes. The main cellular pathways affected were Wnt, TGFβ, Notch and Hedgehog.

Diverse effect of WWOX overexpression in HT29 and SW480 colon cancer cell lines.

WW-domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) is the tumour suppressor gene from the common fragile site FRA16D, whose altered expression has been observed in tumours of various origins. Its suppressive role and influence on basic cellular processes such as proliferation and apoptosis have been confirmed in many in vitro and in vivo studies. Moreover, its protein is thought to take part in the regulation of tissue morphogenesis and cell differentiation.